Staffelkirche

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St. Stephen's Cathedral in Vienna, Staffelhalle

The Staffelkirche or Staffelhalle is a special form of the hall church .

The relay halls are included in the international list of hall churches .

Comparison with other designs

  • In contrast to the classic hall church, the central nave of the nave rises a little higher than the side aisles.
  • In contrast to the pseudo-basilica , however, it does not form an additional storey. Even more, it has no windows above the aisles ( upper aisles ) like a real basilica .
  • Hall churches must not with hall churches be confused, the nave is nave and not divided by arches in parallel main and side vessels.

development

Cross section through the nave of Poitiers Cathedral

Relay halls appeared in Poitou , France , as early as the 11th century. The Romanesque church Notre-Dame la Grande in Poitiers was built around 1150 . The city's high-Gothic Saint-Pierre Cathedral is also a hall with a raised central nave. In the 15th century relay halls were built in many areas of Central Europe, the design is common, for example, in parish churches in the Franconian region and in Denmark.

In Westphalia, a local building school was formed in the late Romanesque period . Cross-rib vaulted churches with alternating columns in the "bound system" appear in the interior as stepped halls. The first tangible building of this group is the collegiate and parish church of St. Ludgeri in Münster . Numerous successor buildings were built by around 1220, but most of them were later changed. However, characteristic examples have survived , particularly in Billerbeck and Legden .

Large relay halls in the true sense of the word are the Minster in Ingolstadt , St. Stephen's Cathedral in Vienna , the Church of St. Peter and Paul in Görlitz or the Königsberg Cathedral . The addition of side chapels sometimes resulted in a five-aisled room image (e.g. Eggenfelden parish church ).

Large stepped halls were probably also built, as the higher nave walls made it easier to span the churches with a wide, uniform roof structure. The construction of a huge roof structure over a "real" hall church is much more complex.

special cases

There is a special form in Spain. Because of the flat roofs, a relatively small difference in height is sufficient for - small - windows in the central nave above the side aisles, although there is no separate upper storey. This is made possible by a basilica with the proportions of a relay hall. Examples are the Cathedral of Barcelona and the Church of Santa Maria del Mar there .

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