Stanislaus von Prowazek

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Stanislaus von Prowazek
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Stanislaus (von) Prowazek , also Stanislaus Prowazek, Edler von Lanow (born November 12, 1875 in Neuhaus in Böhmen ; † February 17, 1915 in Cottbus ) was a Czech - Austrian zoologist and bacteriologist. He researched numerous infectious diseases and, together with Ludwig Halberstädter, described the so-called Halberstädter-Prowazek inclusion bodies in trachoma .

life and work

Stanislaus Prowazek was born as the son of an Austrian officer in Neuhaus in Bohemia . He studied zoology in Prague and Vienna , and was awarded a Dr. phil. PhD and then worked at zoological institutes in Vienna and Trieste as well as assistant at the Institute for Experimental Therapy in Frankfurt am Main with Paul Ehrlich and at the Zoological Institute of the University of Munich with R. Hertwig. In 1903 Fritz Schaudinn brought him to Rovigno ( Istria ) and to the Institute for Protozoa Research in Berlin, where he took over the provisional management after Schaudinn's departure in 1906. When Schaudinn died unexpectedly in the same year, Prowazek took over his position in 1907 as head of the department for protozoa research at the Hamburg Institute for Tropical Medicine . Here he researched, among other things, trachoma , blennorrhea , smallpox and rabies and gained a reputation as one of the most important microbiologists of his time through his work. In 1913 he was able to detect the causative agent of typhus . This was named after him as Rickettsia prowazekii .

In December 1914, von Prowazek was commissioned to investigate a typhus epidemic in Cottbus . Here he got infected and died of the consequences on February 17, 1915. Prowazek was buried in a tin coffin in Cottbus and transferred to the family grave in Kamenitz an der Linde on July 5, 1916.

Research trips

In 1903 von Prowazek traveled with Schaudinn to Rovinj in Istria , where he made his first bacteriological studies and researched smallpox and blennorrhea. In 1906 von Prowazek and Ludwig Halberstädter investigated a trachoma epidemic on the Great Sunda Islands . The two were able to microscopically detect inclusion bodies in the epithelial cells of the conjunctiva of trachoma patients, which they believed to be the pathogen. These were named after them as Halberstädter-Prowazek inclusion bodies . In 1908 he conducted research together with Gustav Giemsa at the Instituto Oswaldo Cruz in Rio de Janeiro . From 1910 to 1912 he carried out research on granulose and other tropical diseases in Sumatra . His book about the German Marianas also resulted from this trip .

Fonts (selection)

The German Mariana Islands (1913)
  • Spermatological Studies. Alfred Holder, 1901.
  • A contribution to cancer spermatogenesis. W. Engelmann, 1902.
  • Paperback of the microscopic technique of the protist investigation. JA Barth, 1909. doi: 10.5962 / bhl.title.1738 .
  • Introduction to the physiology of the unicellular (protozoa). BG Teubner, 1910. doi: 10.5962 / bhl.title.1032 .
  • On the knowledge of balantidiosis: summary. Presentation. JA Barth, 1913.
  • The German Mariana Islands: their nature u. History. JA Barth, 1913.

literature

  • Professor von Prowazek. In: The Journal of Parasitology. Volume 2, No. 2, December 1915, pp. 51-53, JSTOR 3271018 (obituary).
  • Bernt Karger-Decker : At the gate of life: a portrait of the trailblazer in medicine. Volume 2. Verlag Edition q, 1991, ISBN 3-928024-08-6 .
  • Obituary for Stanislaus v. Prowazek, held by Hofrat Prof. Dr. B. Hatschek. In: Negotiations of the Zoological-Botanical Society Vienna. Volume 65, 1915, pp. 65 ff. ( Archive.org ).
  • Barbara I. Tshisuaka: Prowazek, Stanislaus Edler von Lanow. In: Werner E. Gerabek u. a. (Ed.): Encyclopedia of medical history. De Gruyter, Berlin / New York 2005, ISBN 3-11-015714-4 , p. 1187 f.

Web links

Commons : Stanislaus von Prowazek  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Negotiations of the Zoological-Botanical Society in Austria (1978): Obituary for Stanislaus v. Prowazek, held by Hofrat Prof. Dr. B. Hatschek. In: Zoologischer-Botanische Gesellschaft (ed.): Negotiations of the imperial-royal zoological-botanical society in Vienna . tape 65 , issue 5/6. Self-published, Vienna 1915, p. 65-68 ( archive.org [accessed October 27, 2014]).
  2. ↑ a b c d e f g Professor von Prowazek. In: The Journal of Parasitology. (Obituary).
  3. ↑ a b c d Bernt Karger-Decker: At the gate of life. A portrait of the pioneer of medicine. Volume 2.
  4. ↑ Wondrak, Eduard. Prof. Dr. Stanislav Provázek (1875–1915) - A Závĕr Jeho Života. Cas Lek Cesk. 1991; 130 (2): 57-9.
personal data
SURNAME Prowazek, Stanislaus von
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Czech-Austrian zoologist and bacteriologist
DATE OF BIRTH November 12, 1875
PLACE OF BIRTH Neuhaus in Bohemia
DATE OF DEATH February 17, 1915
Place of death cottbus