Stapelmoorer Church

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Church in Stapelmoor

The Stapelmoorer Church is an Evangelical Reformed cruciform church in Stapelmoor , a district of the city of Weener . The Romano-Gothic church from the third quarter of the 13th century is one of the most important sacred buildings in East Friesland .

history

Ceiling paintings in the east yoke

The church was built between 1250 and 1275 on a hill as a fortified church, as can be seen in the loopholes in the west tower. It initially served as a branch church of the church in Aschendorf, just a few kilometers to the south, and was probably built as a replacement for a previous wooden building.

With the introduction of the Reformation , the altar was removed from the church. Larger windows were broken into and the ceiling paintings were whitewashed. A hagioscope that broke into the south wall of the Ostjoch and was later walled up can still be clearly seen in the masonry outside. After a lightning strike in 1800, the upper part of the tower was removed and rebuilt at a lower height. In the 1960s, the ceiling frescoes were exposed.

architecture

West tower

The church has an unusual plan in the form of a Greek cross without right angles. In contrast to the architecturally similar Kreuzkirche in Bunde , no major renovations took place in Stapelmoor. To this day, the outer system has been preserved unchanged in its uniform and simple design.

The Romanesque-early Gothic church is characterized by pointed arched windows and portals, corner pilasters , console friezes under the eaves and stair friezes on the transverse gables, a west tower with a gable roof and the usual triplet window on the east side. The original side apses on the east walls of the transepts have not been preserved, but can still be seen in the masonry.

An east and west yoke with eight rib domical vaults characterize the ceiling, while the three transept yokes are closed off with dome vaults without ribs. A vaulted ceiling has a herringbone bond .

Furnishing

Bentheim font

Inside the church, large parts of the medieval ceiling paintings with mythical creatures, geometric symbols and plant ornaments have been preserved in their original form. They were exposed again in 1967.

The wooden polygonal pulpit has a hexagonal sound cover. An inscription from 1443 has been preserved on the northeastern crossing pillar, which refers to the original rood screen. Remnants are preserved in the Rheiderland Local History Museum .

The font made of Bentheim sandstone dates from the early 13th century. It is surrounded by a tendril frieze and is based on four stylized lions. The pulpit was built around 1600, the sound cover in the 19th century.

organ

French organ from 1994
Organ console

There is evidence of an organ as early as the 16th century that was repaired several times and expanded in 1847/48 by Eike Schulte from Papenburg . In 1912-14 a new building was built behind the late Classicist prospect by Friedrich Klassmeier from Lemgo . After the Second World War , Paul Ott built a new plant using materials from the 19th century. In 1994, a German-French team of organ builders built today's instrument behind the reconstructed prospectus: Bartelt Immer , Reinalt Johannes Klein and Claude Jaccard. The organ is a replica of the famous Louis Alexandre Clicquot organ in Houdan (1734) in the classic French style and enriches the organ landscape of East Friesland . It has 23 registers on three manuals and a pedal. The disposition is:

I positive CD – d 3
Bourdon 8th'
Flute 4 ′
Nazard 2 2 ⁄ 3  ′
Duplicate 2 ′
Tierce 1 3 ⁄ 5  ′
Plain jeu V
Cromehorne 8th'
II Grand d′orque CD – d 3
Montre 8th'
Bourdon 8th'
Prestant 4 ′
Nazard 2 2 ⁄ 3  ′
Duplicate 2 ′
4. de Nazard 2 ′
Tierce 1 3 ⁄ 5  ′
Cornet V D
Plain jeu IV
Trumpets 8th'
Clairon 4 ′
Voix humaine 8th'
III Récit c 1 –d 3
Trumpets 8th'
Cornet V
Pedal C – f 1
Bourdon 16 ′
Flute 8th'
Trumpets 8th'

Pastorate

The neighboring pastorate from 1429

According to the gable inscription in monk letters ( Gothic minuscule ), the neighboring pastory dates from 1429 and is one of the oldest inhabited rectories in Germany. For the year of construction, the inscription in clay bricks testifies to the work of a pastor Thyabrand (Garbrands): “ an [n] od [o] m [ini] MCCCCXXIX co [n] structa e [st] h [aec] dom [us] t [ em] p [or] ed [o] m [ini] thyabra [n] di curati loci isti [us] "(" In the year of the Lord 1429 this house was built at the time of Lord Thyabrand, the pastor of this place ") . His priestly seat was built in the style of the old East Frisian chieftain's castles ("stone houses", Stinsen) and forms a unique ensemble with the nearby stone house for the local chief and the Kreuzkirche.

See also

literature

  • Hermann Haiduck: The architecture of the medieval churches in the East Frisian coastal area. Verlag Ostfriesische Landschaft, Aurich 1986, ISBN 3-925365-07-9 .
  • Gottfried Kiesow : Architecture Guide East Friesland . Verlag Deutsche Stiftung Denkmalschutz , Bonn 2010, ISBN 978-3-86795-021-3 , p. 161-163 .
  • Reinalt J. Klein: “About pipes and paws”: An “operating manual” for the French organ at Stapelmoor . 2nd Edition. Artline, Wymeer 2005.
  • Monika van Lengen: Rheiderland churches. Journey of discovery to places of worship from eight centuries in the west of East Frisia . H. Risius, Weener 2000, p. 27 .
  • Hans-Bernd Rödiger, Menno Smid : Frisian churches in Emden, Leer, Borkum, Mormerland, Uplengen, Overledingen and Reiderland. Volume 3. Verlag CL Mettcker & Sons, Jever 1980, p. 94.
  • Insa Segebade: Reformed churches on the Ems . Evangelical Reformed Church, Leer 1999, ISBN 3-00-004645-3 , p. 31-32 .
  • Harald Vogel , Reinhard Ruge, Robert Noah, Martin Stromann: Organ landscape Ostfriesland . Soltau-Kurier-Norden, Norden 1995, ISBN 3-928327-19-4 , p. 136-139 .

Web links

Commons : Stapelmoorer Kirche  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Ingeborg Nöldeke: Hidden treasures in East Frisian village churches - hagioscopes, rood screens and sarcophagus lids - overlooked details from the Middle Ages . Isensee Verlag, Oldenburg 2014, ISBN 978-3-7308-1048-4 , pp. 165 ff.
  2. ^ Segebade: Reformed Churches on the Ems. 1999, p. 31.
  3. ↑ Kiesow: Architekturführer Ostfriesland, 2010, p. 161.
  4. ^ Hermann Haiduck: The architecture of the medieval churches in the East Frisian coastal area. Verlag Ostfriesische Landschaft, Aurich 1986, ISBN 3-925365-07-9 , p. 104.
  5. ^ Segebade: Reformed Churches on the Ems. 1999, p. 32.
  6. ↑ a b Kiesow: Architectural Guide Ostfriesland. 2010, p. 163.
  7. ↑ organ on NOMINE eV , accessed on 5 November 2018th
  8. ^ Organ Stapelmoor , accessed on November 5, 2018.
  9. ^ Rectory inscription , accessed on November 5, 2018.
  10. ↑ Ortschronisten der Ostfriesische Landschaft: Stapelmoor , accessed on November 5, 2018 (PDF file; 59.2 kB).

Coordinates: 53 ° 8 ′ 5.3 "  N , 7 ° 19 ′ 19.8"  E