Staszic Palace
| Staszic Palace | ||
|---|---|---|
 Main facade |
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| Creation time : | 1820 | |
| Castle type : | palace | |
| Conservation status: | Reconstructed | |
| Place: | Warsaw | |
| Geographical location | 52 ° 14 '15 " N , 21 ° 1' 5" E | |
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The Staszic Palace (Polish: Pałac Staszica ), which is in an exposed location on the historic Warsaw Royal Route , was built in the 1820s as the seat of a scientific society. The classicist building was named after its founder, but never served as a residence. After being destroyed in the Second World War , it was rebuilt and now houses the headquarters of the Polish Academy of Sciences (PAN).
location
The address of the palace is Ulica Nowy Świat 72 and belongs to the inner city district . Opposite this street is the Zamoyski Palace . These two buildings are (despite the high house numbers) the first on Nowy Świat , which merges into Krakowskie Przedmieście . The small square in front of the Staszic Palace already belongs to Krakowskie Przedmieście . On this square is a monument to the polymath Nikolaus Copernicus , created by Bertel Thorvaldsen , which was erected here in 1830. The Karaś Palace stood on the east side of the square until probably 1912 ; today there is a vacant lot here that is used as a parking lot. At the rear of the Staszic Palace is a large children's hospital ( Warszawski Szpital dla Dzieci ).
history
Instead of a late Baroque Dominican church , the palace was built by Antonio Corazzi between 1820 and 1823 as the seat of the Warsaw Society of Friends of Science . The building with its stylistic design in a mature classicism was financed by the wealthy statesman and scholar Stanisław Staszic . The property stands on an uneven floor plan and has three floors, the lower one of which contains a grooved arcade . The front facade is directed (to the north) towards the square and forms the end of the Krakowskie Przedmieście that runs towards it . It has two risk limits . The unusual central projection is framed by two small, two-column porticos , on each of which sits a small pair of griffins facing each other . It towers high above the roof and is crowned by a dome. The palace housed the study of the members / researchers and the society's extensive collections (books, coins, pictures, sculptures, minerals). The centerpiece of the building was the company's large assembly hall:
“ The hall for public meetings is adorned by a life-size portrait of the Most Serene Emperor and King Alexander I , made by Professor Blank , on the opposite side hangs a portrait of the Saxon King by Bacciarelli , the bas-reliefs on the walls are the work of Maliński, the stucco and others Decorations by Vincenti, the walls are adorned with busts by Albertrandi, Potocki, Naruszewicz , Krasicki , Jan Kochanowski and Sarbiewski . Opposite the seat for members there is a spacious amphitheater that can accommodate several hundred people and boxes decorated with columns in Corinthian order . "
This hall no longer exists today; it was destroyed in the course of several renovations.
Dissolution of the company
Until its dissolution in 1832, the science society was the user of the palace. After Tsar Nicholas I ordered its dissolution, the lottery directorate was initially located in the building. From 1862 a Russian boys' grammar school was housed here. In the years 1892 to 1893, the palace was rebuilt in the Russian-Byzantine style under the direction of the Russian architect Michał Pokrowski. In the central part of the building an Orthodox chapel was built in honor of the Tsars of the Shuiski line . In the course of the renovation, the palace was equipped with decorations reminiscent of Byzantine and Russian architectural forms; Among other things, the facade was given colored tiles and the roof instead of the dome was given an orthodox onion turret.
After Poland regained independence, many Orthodox churches were dismantled and demolished. In the years 1924 to 1926, the Staszic Palace was also restored to its original function and its classical exterior. Under Marian Lalewicz , however, the original Corazzi design was not fully reproduced; so the boundary projections were not rebuilt and the shape of the dome was designed differently. In the interwar period , this was the seat of the Warsaw Science Society (Polish: Towarzystwo Naukowe Warszawskie ) and other institutions.
War and Post War
The palace was badly damaged by units of the Wehrmacht during the Warsaw Uprising and was rebuilt between 1946 and 1950 under Piotr Biegański - this time (externally) as an exact replica of the building in the 19th century. The mighty rear wings (in a southerly direction towards Ulica Świętokrzyska ), which enclose a large inner courtyard and are now used by the children's hospital, were also created. As a reminiscence of the architect Corazzi, Biegański designed the new backyard facade of the palace as an image of a large portico that was located on a building that had not been rebuilt after the war at Ulica Bielańska 1 / corner Ulica Senatorska 22 .
Currently the palace is the headquarters of the Polish Academy of Sciences .
Trivia
The palace, which has already been burned but not yet destroyed, can be seen in the movie The Pianist by Roman Polański during the scene of German troops marching into Warsaw.
See also
literature
- Julius A. Chroscicki and Andrzej Rottermund: Architectural Atlas of Warsaw. 1st edition, Arkady, Warsaw 1978, p. 181
- Tadeusz S. Jaroszewski: Palaces and Residences in Warsaw. Interpress publishing house, ISBN 83-223-2049-3 , Warsaw 1985, p. 147 f.
- Małgorzata Danecka, Thorsten Hoppe: Discover Warsaw. Walking tours through the Polish capital. Trescher Verlag, ISBN 978-3-89794-116-8 , Berlin 2008, p. 154
- Grzegorz Piątek, Jarosław Trybuś: Warsaw. The thematic guide to Poland's capital. Kamil Markiewicz (Uebers), ISBN 978-3-89728-070-0 , Schröder, Verlag für Regionalkultur, Diepholz 2009, p. 40
- Janina Rukowska: Travel guide to Warsaw and surroundings. 2nd Edition. Sport i Turystyka, Warsaw 1972, ISBN 83-217-2380-2 , p. 80
Web links
- Information and photos of the palace on the website of the City of Warsaw (in Polish)
- Information and many historical photos of the palace at Warszawa1939.pl (in Polish)
- The Palace in Warszawa Wikia (in Polish)
References and comments
- ↑ probably means Jan Chrzciciel Albertrandi, who was president of the society twice
- ↑ according to Tadeusz S. Jaroszewski, Palaces and Residences in Warsaw , Interpress Publishing House, ISBN 83-223-2049-3 , Warsaw 1985, p. 147
- ↑ Presumably, a Russian chapel (“Moscow Chapel”), in which members of the Shuiski were buried, originally stood on the site of the Staszic Palace
- ↑ according to Grzegorz Piątek, Jarosław Trybuś: Warsaw. The thematic guide through Poland's capital , Kamil Markiewicz (Uebers), ISBN 978-3-89728-070-0 , Schröder, Verlag für Regionalkultur, Diepholz 2009, p. 40