Zamoyski Palace (Nowy Świat)
| Zamoyski Palace | ||
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 From the New World |
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| Creation time : | 1762 | |
| Castle type : | palace | |
| Conservation status: | Reconstructed | |
| Place: | Warsaw | |
| Geographical location | 52 ° 14 '15 " N , 21 ° 1' 3" E | |
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The Zamoyski Palace (also known as Andrzej Zamoyski's office building, in Polish: Pałac Zamoyskiego or Dom Interesów Andrzeja Zamoyskiego ) is a palatial building originally used as a rental and office building on 67/69 ulica Nowy Świat in Warsaw's inner city district . Today there are rooms of various faculties of Warsaw University .
location
The elongated building is located at the narrowing of the historical Königsweg at the transition from Krakowskie Przedmieście to Nowy Świat . The northern part of the palace runs along the small square located here (on which there is a monument to Nicolaus Copernicus ), the southern part of the building is opposite the western side facade of the Staszic Palace . The Holy Cross Church is located around 50 meters north on Krakowskie Przedmieście . Until 1913, the Karaś Palace, which no longer exists, was on the other side of the monument .
history
There was a masonry mansion on the site on which the present-day palace stands before 1665. However, this building was not yet in line with the street development, but was in a recessed area of the property. In the course of time, the small estate was expanded into a palace with a courtyard of the Nowy Świat and was owned by various families.
Great Branicki Palace
From the first half of the 18th century, the magnate family Branicki owned the palace and had it rebuilt by Simon Gottlieb Zug in the 1770s . In their time, the palace was referred to as the "Great Palace" (in Polish : Pałac Branickich Większy ) to distinguish it from a smaller family palace . Stanisław Staszic lived in the palace until his death in 1826 . The Branicki Palace, which was destroyed in World War II, was not rebuilt afterwards.
New building
In 1838 Andrzej Artur Zamoyski became the owner of the estate. From 1843 to 1846 he had a magnificent rental and office building (with storage and retail space on the ground floor) built on the eastern part of the property, along Nowy Świat .
The building was built under the direction of Adolf Woliński based on a design by Henryk Marconi ; the stylistic model for the neo-renaissance object was the Roman Palazzo della Cancelleria . When completed it was one of the largest buildings in Warsaw; Zamoyski did not use it for his own residential purposes, but was an investment for future rental income (in Polish at that time called Kamienica , Dom Dochodowy or Dom Interesów ).
Paweł Maliński created allegories of industry ( Minerva ), agriculture ( Ceres ), trade ( Mercurius ), wealth ( Jason ) and navigation (in the form of personifications of the Vistula and Bug ) in the triangular pediment placed on the central projectile . The almost rectangular building, around 100 meters long, also has side elevations.
In 1862 Zamoyski had to leave the country for political reasons; he did not return.
Chopin's wing
During the January uprising on October 19, 1863, the Russian governor Friedrich Wilhelm Rembert von Berg was bombed from one of the palace windows . The assassination failed because the bombs thrown missed Berg's carriage and instead killed a mounted companion and his horse. In retaliation, Russian troops stormed the building. They broke into the apartments, threw furniture out of the windows and destroyed the interior.
The apartment of Izabella Barcińska, who was the younger sister of the composer Frédéric Chopin and kept mementos of her late, famous brother, was also stormed . Among them was the grand piano that Chopin had played on during his time in Warsaw. This wing was also thrown out of the window and thus destroyed. The Polish romantic and friend of Chopin's Cyprian Kamil Norwid later took this event as an opportunity to write his poem "Chopin's Piano".
The palace was subsequently confiscated by the Russian authorities and made available to the Russian military for office purposes, as an officers' mess and as the seat of the Warsaw Court Martial (Polish: Sąd Wojenny Warszawski ).
In the period between the world wars, the Zamoyski Palace and the Branicki Palace behind it were used by the Polish Ministry of the Interior.
War and Post War
During the attack on Warsaw in September 1939, the palace was badly damaged as part of the staff for the military defense of the city was housed here and was therefore the target of bombing attacks. During the Warsaw Uprising in 1944, around 90% of the building was destroyed by units of the Wehrmacht.
From 1948 to 1950 Mieczysław Kuźma carried out the reconstruction under the direction of Zygmunt Stepiński . There were some changes; the balconies were no longer attached at the level of the second floor and the windows were given a more classicistic appearance - probably for cost reasons .
Today the building houses offices and classrooms for various faculties from the nearby Warsaw University. These include the Faculty of Journalism and Political Science (Polish Wydział Dziennikarstwa i Nauk Politycznych ) and the Faculty of Philosophy and Sociology (Polish Wydział Filozofii i Socjologii ). The Warsaw University Language School is also located here (in Polish Uniwerystet Warszawski Szkoła Języków Obcych ).
Plaques commemorating Cyprian Norwid and the Warsaw Defense Command during World War II were placed on the building.
See also
References and comments
- ^ Paweł Maliński (1790-1853) was a Polish sculptor
- ^ Justyna Izabella Barcińska, née Chopin (1811-1881) was the younger sister of Frédéric Chopin
literature
- Juliusz A. Chróścicki; Andrzej Rottermund: Architectural Atlas of Warsaw , 1st edition, Arkady, Warsaw 1978, p. 181
- Małgorzata Danecka; Thorsten Hoppe: Discover Warsaw. Tours through the Polish capital , Trescher Verlag, ISBN 978-3-89794-116-8 , Berlin 2008, p. 156
- Janina Rukowska: Travel Guide Warsaw and Surroundings , 3rd edition. Sport i Turystyka, Warsaw 1982, ISBN 83-217-2380-2 , p. 82
Web links
- To the palace in Warszawikia (Polish)
- Historical photos at Warszawa1939.pl