Friedrich Wilhelm Rembert von Berg

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Friedrich Wilhelm Rembert Graf von Berg ( Russian Фёдор Фёдорович Берг Fedor Fedorovich Berg , born May 15 . Jul / 26. May  1794 greg. Castle Sagnitz in Livonia , † January 6 jul. / 18th January  1874 greg. In Saint Petersburg ) was Field Marshal of the Russian Army .

Life

origin

Friedrich Wilhelm Rembert came from the von Berg family , an old German aristocratic family in Livonia . He was the son of the Russian Premier-Major and Councilor of State Friedrich Georg von Berg (1763-1811) and his wife Wilhelmine, née von Ermes (1775-1847).

Military career

Von Berg as a young officer, 1810–1824

Berg studied in Dorpat and entered Russian military service as a Junker in March 1812 . Very soon made an officer and assigned to the General Staff, he was involved in almost all significant skirmishes of the Russians in the campaigns of 1812, 1813 and 1814. After traveling through southern Europe for two years , he returned to Russia in 1819. He was appointed colonel , worked at the Russian embassies in Munich and Naples and was sent to Orenburg in 1822 to regulate the situation of the Kyrgyz and the caravan trade via Bukhara and India .

In 1828 and 1829 he was Chief of Staff under Wittgenstein and Diebitsch in the Russo-Turkish War . During the campaign in Poland in 1831 he commanded General Diebitsch's advance guard and distinguished himself in several skirmishes. He was then appointed lieutenant general and chief of staff of the Russian army in Poland and held this position for twelve years. The topographic map of the Kingdom of Poland was edited under his direction . In 1843 he was appointed general of the infantry and quartermaster general in the imperial general staff and was used several times on diplomatic missions, the most difficult and best-known of which was sending to the Viennese court when the latter asked for help from Russia against the Hungarian uprising in 1849 . On September 25th, when he was rewarded with the dignity of Austria for his diplomatic efforts , Berg returned to Saint Petersburg to continue the fundamental topographical work begun under his leadership.

In 1854, when the Crimean War broke out , he was commissioned to defend Estonia against the British fleet. In a short time he succeeded in putting Reval in such good state of defense that Admiral Charles John Napier did not dare attempt an attack. Subsequently appointed Governor General of Finland , Berg headed the defense of this province and survived the three-day bombardment of Sveaborg from August 8 to 10 , for which Alexander II awarded him the title of Finnish Count on his coronation day (September 7, 1856) . However, Berg made himself so unpopular in Finland through his aversion to any kind of liberal development that the tsar was prompted to recall him from his post in November 1861.

Shortly after the January uprising in Poland , he was appointed adjutant to the Grand Duke's governor of Poland, Grand Duke Constantine , in March 1863 , and de facto soon had all the power in his hands, as the Grand Duke left Poland in August. In October, Berg completely replaced him and took over the office of Namiestnik . He had already taken the most energetic measures beforehand. His terrible severity and prudence gradually succeeded in suppressing the secret national government , which had its seat in Warsaw , and crushing the uprising in all parts of the country. On October 28, 1866, Berg was appointed Field Marshal General and a member of the Imperial Council, but retained the governorship of Poland and his seat in Warsaw.

During a trip to Petersburg he died there on January 18, 1874. His wife died immediately after him, according to the epitaph: "You broke your heart when his was still."

Berg was the second chief of numerous Russian regiments. In addition, Wilhelm I appointed him chief of the 6th Brandenburg Infantry Regiment No. 52 on September 10, 1872 .

family

Berg married in October 1831 in Trieste Donna Leopoldine, nee Countess Cicogna Mozzoni, widowed Countess Annoni (1786–1874). The marriage remained childless. However, in 1856 they adopted their nephews, who were introduced to the count class of the Finnish Knighthood in 1857 .

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Entry in the baptismal register of the Theal parish.
  2. ^ A b Genealogical Handbook of the Baltic Knighthoods (New Series) , Hamburg 2011, Volume 1, pp. 54–57 ( PDF ).
personal data
SURNAME Berg, Friedrich Wilhelm Rembert von
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Берг, Фёдор Фёдорович (Russian); Berg, Feodor Feodorowitsch
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Russian field marshal
DATE OF BIRTH May 26, 1794
PLACE OF BIRTH Sagnitz Castle
DATE OF DEATH January 18, 1874
Place of death St. Petersburg