Styrian chickweed
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Styrian chickweed ( Moehringia bavarica ) |
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| ( L. ) Gren. |
The Steirische sandwort ( Moehringia bavarica ), also Etschtaler sandwort or Meaty sandwort called a is plant from the genus of moehringia ( Moehringia ) of the family of Caryophyllaceae (Caryophyllaceae). It occurs in three disjoint areas in Europe .
description
The Styrian chickweed is a low-growing, perennial herbaceous plant that forms loose to dense cushions on limestone rocks. The strong "root stock" tends to become lignified. The numerous creeping or hanging stems are bare, many-branched and 10 to 60 cm long; when dry they are very fragile. The opposite stem leaves are fleshy and 1 to 1.5 mm in diameter. In the lower area they are furrowed on the top and about 5 mm long. Middle and upper leaves are more or less flat, nerveless, 10 to 20 mm long and widen slightly towards the tip.
In terminal, zymös inflorescences stand over a pair of 2 mm long before leaves, on 10 to 25 mm long pedicels, which rarely have only one or two, mostly three to seven flowers. The hermaphrodite flowers are up to 12 mm in diameter and are radially symmetrical and five-fold with a double flower envelope . The sepals are about 3 to 4 mm long. The white petals are entire and about twice as long as the sepals. There are three styles and ten stamens .
The capsule fruit is spherical, about as long as the calyx and opens with six slightly outwardly curved teeth. The kidney-shaped, red-brown to black seeds have a strongly fringed, gray appendage ( elaiosome ) on the navel , from which the German common name "... umbilical chickweed" is derived.
The flowering period extends from June to August, rarely to September.
The number of chromosomes is 2n = 24.
Occurrence
In the Alps , the Styrian umbilical chickweed has two narrow, disjoint distribution areas. On the one hand it occurs in Styria in the Grazer Bergland (Murtal) and in the adjacent foothills of the northern Limestone Alps. On the other hand, it can be found in the lower Adige Valley (including Monte Baldo ). It also occurs on the Balkan Peninsula in the Dinaric Mountains .
The limestone plant prefers vertical or overhanging rock walls. In contrast to the similar, alpine, eyelash umbilical chickweed , the Styrian umbilical chickweed can be found in the submontane to montane area.
Naming
The Styrian chickweed was first mentioned in 1601 by the pharmacist Pona (1565–1630) from Verona, who found the plant on Monte Baldo, as Saxifraga Bavarica Jungermanni . According to Gustav Hegi , the specific epithet bavarica , which was later taken over by Linné von Pona, could be related to the fact that the lower Adige Valley as part of Tyrol was part of the Wittelsbach rule . The Styrian umbilical chickweed does not occur in today's Bavaria .
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b G. Halliday, SN Hind: Moehringia . In: TG Tutin, NA Burges, AO Chater, JR Edmondson, VH Heywood, DM Moore, DH Valentine, SM Walters, DA Webb (eds.): Flora Europaea . 2nd, revised edition. Volume 1: Psilotaceae to Platanaceae . Cambridge University Press, Cambridge / New York / Melbourne 1993, ISBN 0-521-41007-X , pp. 152 (English, limited preview in Google Book search). .
- ^ Hans-Christian Friedrich: Moehringia. In: Karl Heinz Rechinger (Hrsg.): Illustrated flora of Central Europe. Pteridophyta, Spermatophyta . Founded by Gustav Hegi. 2nd, completely revised edition. Volume III. Part 2: Angiospermae: Dicotyledones 1 (Phytolaccaceae - Portulacaceae) . Paul Parey, Berlin / Hamburg 1979, ISBN 3-489-60020-7 , pp. 862 (published in deliveries 1959–1979). .
literature
- Manfred A. Fischer, Karl Oswald, Wolfgang Adler: Excursion flora for Austria, Liechtenstein and South Tyrol . 3rd, improved edition. Province of Upper Austria, Biology Center of the Upper Austrian State Museums, Linz 2008, ISBN 978-3-85474-187-9 , p. 320 .
- Hans-Christian Friedrich: Moehringia. In: Karl Heinz Rechinger (Hrsg.): Illustrated flora of Central Europe. Pteridophyta, Spermatophyta . Founded by Gustav Hegi. 2nd, completely revised edition. Volume III. Part 2: Angiospermae: Dicotyledones 1 (Phytolaccaceae - Portulacaceae) . Paul Parey, Berlin / Hamburg 1979, ISBN 3-489-60020-7 , pp. 862–864 (published in deliveries 1959–1979).
