Stemonitis axifera
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Stemonitis axifera |
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| Stemonitis axifera | ||||||||||||
| ( Bull. ) T. Macbr. |
Stemonitis axifera , sometimes referred to as Common Fadenkulchen or Common Filament , is a widespread and common slime mold from the Stemonitidae family .
features
The fruiting bodies ( sporocarps ) grow in clusters in close-knit groups. They are light russet in color, stalked and have a cylindrical shape. The stem is sometimes inclined outwards in an arc so that the outline of the group appears hemispherical. The spore capsules (sporocarpies) are tapered spindle-shaped, especially at the lower end. They are 4–10 mm high and 0.3–0.6 mm wide. The total height with the handle is 6-18 mm.
The membranous base ( hypothallus ) is common to the group and has a silvery sheen. When light shines through, it appears brown to dark brown towards the tip of the handle and has a fibrous structure. Towards the edge it is light brown to almost colorless, translucent and barely structured. The stem is tubular and hollow and resembles horsehair . It is 2–8 mm wide and expanded like a funnel at the base. It is black and shiny, dark red-brown to opaque black in transmitted light. The covering ( peridia ) disappears quickly and can therefore not be observed. The extension of the stalk ( columella ) extends to the tip of the spore capsule (sporocarpy), whereby it tapers evenly with increasing height. It is opaque black and appears black-brown to black in transmitted light. The hair braid ( capillitium ) extends from the entire columella and forms a three-dimensional network that appears brown to dark brown in the light shining through it. 2–3 stitches are formed up to the outer area. The individual threads are 2–6 µm thick, but partly widened with membranes. The surface network is smooth, light brown to brown in color and consists of meshes from 3 to 40 µm in size, which are irregular in outline. The individual threads are 0.5–2 µm thick. The spores appear rust-brown in bulk, rust-brown to almost colorless in transmitted light. They measure 5–7, sometimes 8 µm in diameter and are covered with very fine warts.
The plasmodium is white or yellow.
Species delimitation
Stemonitis axifera is characterized by the rather large sporocarpies and the small, fine-black spores. Small fructifications are outwardly difficult to distinguish from S. smithii . This has a denser inner capillary network and a surface network with thorn-like outgrowths.
Ecology and diffusion
Stemonitis axifera grows equally on hardwood and softwood. The substrate forms the bark as well as dead wood of all phases of decomposition. The fructifications occasionally move to the litter near the ground . Were Socialization with representatives of the genus Arcyria , Comatricha elegans , C. nigra , Cribraria cancellata , lamproderma arcyrionema , Renata biformis , Lycogala conicum , the blood Milchpilz ( Lycogala epidendrum s. L.) Physarum globuliferum , P. nutans , P. psittacinum , Stemonitis fusca , Stemonitopsis typhina , Trichia decipiens , T. favoginea and T. scabra were observed. Stemonitis axifera fructifies from May to September, especially between June and August. Occasionally it can also be found in October and November.
Stemonitis axifera is sometimes attacked by various parasites. Among them are known Acremonium sp. ( Anamorphs of Nectriopsis candicans ), Acrodontium myxomycetiocola , Gliocladium roseum , Verticillium rexianum and Mucor hiemalis .
The species is widespread worldwide and is common in Central Europe.
swell
- Hermann Neubert , Wolfgang Nowotny , Karlheinz Baumann : The myxomycetes of Germany and the neighboring alpine region with special consideration of Austria . tape 1 . Karlheinz Baumann Verlag, Gomaringen 1993, ISBN 3-929822-00-8 .