Stendell
 
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Location of Stendell in Brandenburg |
Stendell has been part of the city of Schwedt / Oder since December 31, 2002 and is located in the Uckermark district in Brandenburg . The area of the district of Stendell is 17.65 km², the population is 368 (December 31, 2006)
geography
Stendell is located in the northeast of the Uckermark district, on the edge of the Lower Oder Valley National Park . The catfish , a tributary of the Oder , flows right past Stendell .
Stendell is close to the Angermünde – Tantow – Szczecin railway line . The closest train stations with RB service are Passow and Schönow. A transfer station of the PCK Schwedt is named after the place Stendell , the freight yard Stendell , from which the tank wagon trains pass over a branch line into the network of the Deutsche Bahn.
history
Early history
The village of Stendell is first mentioned in 1318 as "Nyen Stendal". Its name seems to have been transferred from the town of Stendal in the Altmark, where the settlers came from in the 12th century. It lies on a sandy valley island and is surrounded by meadows all around. The location of the place was favorable for a transition through the Welsebruch between the mountain ranges stretching north and south. This pass was used in both directions in the early Middle Ages, as is evident from historical records. It is reported that a battle between Brandenburg and Pomerania took place here in 1303. It was therefore assumed that there was an early medieval German fortified castle or castle to secure the Bruchweg at this point. In the volume Die Kunstdenkmäler des Kreis Angermünde from 1934, it is noted under Stendell that ramparts and entrenchments were said to have been visible in 1712.
In the middle of the village, in the former manor park, there is a semicircular earth wall with a ditch in front of it. During a detailed inspection, it turned out that a circular area 150 to 180 meters in diameter was surrounded by a wall and ditch. Only about half of the original complex can be seen. However, part of it is visible in the gardens of the adjacent farmsteads, other parts are almost leveled by plowing. Since the facility was surrounded by swampy meadows when it was built, it was protected for most of the year. The catfish crossing could be monitored from here.
In addition to the walled complex, more could be determined. Shards of clay pots were found in the excavated and plowed up soil inside and outside. The type of finds, their shapes and decorations reveal that it was a complex of the Slavs who lived here at the time, which was built around the 9th to 10th centuries and was inhabited until the German village was founded in the 12th century. It is a Niederungsburg on a scale that has not been found anywhere else in the region. In the large interior there was probably a village settlement, to which there was an entrance somewhere through a wall and moat. The wall, which is now up to 10 meters wide, has been raised from the floor of the trench in front of it. It can be assumed that the defense was designed like a fortress, as with similar castles at the same time. Perhaps later scientific studies will reveal more details about the structure and use of this prehistoric rampart. If a German castle was previously suspected here, the castle wall shows that a Slavic settlement existed long before the town of Stendell was built by the Germans. If a German castle later took over the security of the catfish crossing, it would have to have stood outside the Slavic wall. The later manor house, which existed until 1945, as well as the peasant farms along the village street that curves around the castle wall, are located outside the walled-in area.
The Stendell Church was built around 1250. It is also located on the central square in the community, opposite the ramparts. Around 1608 it was first renovated, then again in 1704. At the time of feudalism in 1527 Stendell 20 farmers were established that the manor had over dutiable and forced labor had to do. During the Thirty Years War, the village was almost completely deserted by the plague and fires. In 1652 only three farms were left and in 1687 there were still 15 wild farms and 11 wild farms . Half of the farms were not reoccupied, most of the land belonging to them was added to the manor.
Since the Thirty Years War
Gradually, however, life returned to Stendell. The revision book of the city of Schwedt shows that the Stendeller "Krug" was opened again in 1787 because the Schwedt brewers were supplying it with beer. In 1805, in addition to the manor in Stendell, there were again eleven whole farmers, eleven Büdner (small farmers) and eleven residents (these were mostly craftsmen). The customs house, a forestry and a tar stove belonged to the village . The manor included a brick factory, a schnapps distillery and the Herrenhof Vorwerk , which was laid out in the 18th century.
The Stendell Church underwent a radical change in 1876. At this time, the brick apse at the east end of the church with three pointed arched windows and the brick tower were also built. The square tower top is boarded with wood and has an octagonal lantern also clad with wood . This is followed by a slanted tip. The bronze bell still present today is without an inscription, it probably dates from the 14th century. The formerly existing second bell has been lost. The roof structure made of pine wood, some of which is still in the original, dates back to the 13th century, while the interior fittings date entirely from 1876. The lead glass windows in the apse and a two-part baptismal font are very well preserved.
In 1933 Stendell had 342 inhabitants, in the year of the beginning of the war in 1939 there were 338 inhabitants. Until after the Second World War, the catfish formed the border between the Prussian provinces of Brandenburg and Pomerania . The transition was secured with a concrete bridge as early as 1900. However, this was blown up by the German Wehrmacht on the night of April 26, 1945 in order to prevent the Red Army from marching on Berlin. In order to enable the crossing over the catfish again, trees were felled in the nearby alder forest and placed in the catfish as an emergency crossing. The wooden bridge, built in 1947, served for over 40 years. After the fall of the Wall it was no longer able to cope with the increased volume of traffic and had to be replaced by a new concrete bridge. Before that, the road between the B 166 and the entrance to the town and between the exit of Stendell and Jamikow was provided with a bitumen surface , and the curves in front of the catfish were straightened. As is customary in this region, the entire street used to be paved with cobblestones. An unpaved summer path ran next to it .
In 1994, after the laying of a drinking water and a natural gas pipe as well as an electric cable, the construction of the new village street began. Construction work was completed two years later.
In the years after 2000 a lot of time was invested in the construction and renovation of the parish hall and in 2001 in an emergency renovation of the church tower. With the support of the district, the German Foundation for Monument Protection and the KiBa Foundation , the tower and the roofs of the nave and apse have been restored since 2010.
Individual evidence
literature
- Lieselott Enders : Historical local lexicon for Brandenburg, Part VIII, Uckermark , Weimar 1986, ISBN 3-7400-0042-2
Web links
- Stendell in the RBB program Landschleicher on July 26, 2015
Districts: At the edge of the forest | Kastanienallee | New time | Valley sand | Center. Districts: Blumenhagen | Criewen | Gatow | Heinersdorf | Hohenfelde | Kummerow | Kunow | Stendell | Quadricycle | Use
Residential places: Achterhöfe | Beyerswald | Forester Berkholz | Border house | Manor | Karlsberg | Cow heather | Monplaisir | New mill | Niederfelde | Tar furnace bridge | Broken peat | Vogelsangsruh | Vorwerk | Wild
Coordinates: 53 ° 9 ' N , 14 ° 10' E