Bassum Abbey
The Bassum monastery is an evangelical monastery (= women's monastery or canonical monastery ) in Bassum . It is the oldest monastery in Lower Saxony . In the European Union the monastery in Bassum is the only still existing canonical monastery.
history
In 858 the noble lady Liutgart gave her entire paternal inheritance and founded the monastery as a canonical institution in accordance with the Aachen canonical rule of 816. The noble families of the country thus had the opportunity to give their unmarried daughters a Christian education and care. The monastery was consecrated by Ansgar , Archbishop of Hamburg and Bremen (831–865). Liutgart was also the first abbess of the monastery. To this day, the monastery is run by an abbess. Today's abbess has been Isabell von Kameke since 2008.
The monastery has been Protestant since 1541. Up to 10 canonesses used to live in the monastery. In contrast to monasteries , they were allowed to own private property in the monastery, and they were also allowed to leave the monastery. Their main task was the solemn praise of God, the intercession for the dead and the care of the poor.
Today the monastery still has 10 canonesses (capitulars), but - except for the abbess and her deputy, the dean - there is no longer any residence obligation, so that they usually live in their respective hometowns, where they pursue normal professions but feel connected to the pen and meet annually for the session of the chapter. Women no longer have to be noble.
The monastery is the nucleus of the city of Bassum, which was then called Birsina.
building
The current abbey was built in half-timbered buildings in 1754 under the abbess Margaretha Eleonora von Estorff (term of office 1751 to 1776) after she had the old abbess house demolished. Today's abbess house is open to visitors and houses a variety of art-historically significant objects. On the upper floor there is the chapter house with hand-painted, revolving wall covering made of burlap (a slight jute fabric) from the year 1781 (1989 restored) and a Kanonikuszimmer that the starting and arriving canon served to house. In the canon room there is a ceiling painting with simple tendrils. In addition to the abbess house, the former canons' houses were built around the courtyard. The Bassum Abbey also has a monastery garden and there is a monastery forest nearby.
The associated collegiate church of St. Mauritius and St. Viktor is a medium-sized brick church from the 13th century. Today it serves as an Evangelical Lutheran church.
Abbesses of Bassum Abbey
| No. | Surname | Abbatiat | Remarks | origin | presentation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1. | Luitgart | 858– | Founded the monastery with her paternal inheritance | ||
| Richardis of Stade | 1151-1152 | Sister of Hartwig von Stade , student of Hildegard von Bingen | Stade | ||
| Beatrix of Oldenburg | 1207-1224 | Daughter of Heinrich I. von Oldenburg | Oldenburg | ||
| Salome of Oldenburg | 1224-1267 | Daughter of Moritz I. von Oldenburg | Oldenburg | ||
| Sophie from Hoya | 1294-1301 | Daughter of Heinrich II. Von Hoya . | Hoya | ||
| Agnes of Oldenburg | 1301– | Daughter of Count Otto II of Oldenburg-Delmenhorst . | Oldenburg | ||
| Hadewig from Hoya | 1363-1365 | Daughter of Otto II von Hoya . | Hoya | ||
| Anna Freese | 1481-1541 | Last Catholic abbess. | |||
| Margarethe von Hoya | 1541-1549 | First Protestant abbess, daughter of Jobst II. Von Hoya . | Hoya | ||
| Anna from Hoya | 1549-1585 | Sister of Margerethe von Hoya | Hoya | ||
| Margarethe of Fulden | 1585-1604 | ||||
| Mette Hermeling | 1604-1620 | ||||
| Gertrud Slepegrell | 1620-1636 | ||||
| Greet Anne Elmendorp | 1636-1644 | ||||
| Anna Margarethe von Reusch | 1644-1679 | ||||
| Anna Margarethe von Oeffener | 1679-1698 | ||||
| Sophie Amalia von Marschalk | 1698-1705 | ||||
| Antoinette M. vd Busche | 1706-1724 | ||||
| Anna Lucie von Rochow | 1724-1727 | Rochow | |||
| Helene von Löw | 1727-1743 | ||||
| Hedwig Eleonore von Hardenberg | 1743-1751 | Hardenberg | |||
| Margaretha Eleonora von Estorff | 1751-1776 | Estorff | |||
| Helene Dorothea von Ledebur | 1776-1796 | Ledebur | |||
| Sophie Frederike von Post | 1796-1803 | ||||
| Helene Dor. Fried. from Friday | 1803-1814 | ||||
| Mar. Joh. LE von Cornberg | 1814-1840 | Cornberg | |||
| Dor. S. Ulr. G. von Oldershausen | 1840-1871 | Oldershausen | |||
| Luise C. Dor. from Issendorf | 1871-1903 | ||||
| Anna WL Ms. Götz von Olenhusen | 1903-1928 | ||||
| Else Ther. SD from Arnswald | 1928-1945 | ||||
| Wiltrudis von Ditfurth | 1945-1984 | Ditfurth | |||
| Barbara von Wallenberg Pachaly | 1984-2008 | Wallenberg Pachaly | |||
| Isabell von Kameke | 2008– | Kameke |
photos
Overview
Abbey (white building) and collegiate church from a bird's eye view
Western courtyard
Small Stiftshof with collegiate church "St. Mauritius and St. Viktor"
and canonesses houses
Individual buildings
Abbey building (Stift 1)
Residence of the abbess
Built in 1754
Coat of arms of Abbess Margaretha Eleonaora von Estorff (1754)
Stiftsdamenhaus (Stift 2)
Residence of the dean,
south side of the Kleiner Stiftshof,
built in 1775
Stiftsdamenhaus (Stift 3)
west side of the Kleiner Stiftshof,
built in 1689
Stiftsdamenhaus (Stift 4)
east side of the Kleiner Stiftshof
Former home of the Stiftmüller (Stift 5)
Stiftsmühle
Year of construction: 1881
Former warehouse (pin 3a)
Year of construction: 1827
Greenhouse / stable (pin 1a)
See also
literature
- Renate Oldermann-Meier: A piece of wood in the middle of a historical file. Was Bassum Abbey violently occupied in the 16th century? In: Lower Saxony Yearbook for State History. Volume 63, 1991, pp. 327-335.
- Renate Oldermann-Meier: The archive of the Bassum monastery. The history of its older formations and its losses. In: Yearbook of the Society for Lower Saxony Church History. Volume 91, 1993, pp. 7-24.
- Renate Oldermann, Das Stift at the turn of the modern age, in: Bernd Ulrich Hucker, Bassum Abbey. A 1100 year old women's community in history. (Schrr des Inst. Für Gesch. Und Hist. Landesforsch. 3), Bremen 1995. pp. 174-211. ISBN 3-86108-276-4
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ The history of Bassum Abbey. Bassum Abbey, accessed on October 31, 2014 .
- ↑ Bassum Abbey. A 1100 year old women's community in history. With contributions by Barbara von Wallenberg Pachaly. Edition Temmen, Bremen 1995; ISBN 3-86108-276-4
- ^ CH Nieberding: History of the former Niederstift Münster and the neighboring counties of Diepholz, Wildeshausen c. CH Fauvel, 1840, p. 219 ( limited preview in Google book search).
- ↑ http://www.bassum.de/attachments/article/77/136_Adessbuch_1907.pdf
- ↑ http://www.bassum.de/attachments/article/77/136_Adressbuch_1927.pdf
- ↑ http://www.bassum.de/attachments/article/77/136_Adressbuch_1936.pdf