Cornberg (noble family)

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Coat of arms of those of Cornberg

The barons of Cornberg are originally a Hessian noble family who were wealthy in the northeast of Hesse and in northern Westphalia . They are descended from Philipp Wilhelm von Cornberg , who was born in 1553 as the illegitimate son of Landgrave Wilhelm IV of Hessen-Kassel . Until the extinction of the Hessian branch, the von Cornbergs belonged to the Althessian knighthood that still exists today .

history

origin

Cornberg Monastery
Auburg mansion
Richelsdorf manor house

The noble family von Cornberg descends from "Philippus Wilhelmus" . It was in 1553 as the illegitimate son of Count William IV. Of Hessen-Kassel in Kassel born. His mother was Elisabeth Wallenstein, daughter of a tower keeper in Kassel ( "a burgers daughter from Cassel" ).

From 1574 onwards, his father transferred the Herfeldian daughter monastery Cornberg north of Bebra to Philipp Wilhelm as a hereditary fiefdom . Philipp Wilhelm married Christine von Falcken on September 3, 1582 in Cornberg , with whom he had ten children. When she died in 1600, he married Christine von Boyneburg in 1602 , with whom he also had ten children.

In 1592 he was given the office of Auburg with the village of Wagenfeld as a further man fief with all accessories, which had fallen to Hesse in 1585 after the Count of Diepholz had died out. The important office of hereditary death was associated with this property , which gave Philipp Wilhelm an almost sovereign position.

After the death of his father in 1598, Philipp Wilhelm resigned to the new Landgrave, his half-brother Moritz , Cornberg and instead received 10,000 Reichstaler and, as a right man's fief, the village of Richelsdorf, about 12 km further east-southeast, with high and low jurisdiction and church patronage , as well as Obergude , Niedergude and Landefeld . In Richelsdorf, between 1598 and 1600, he built the manor house that has been preserved to this day, right next to the patronage church. In the course of his life he acquired other possessions, goods and interest rates in the Rotenburger Land, in the Fritzlar area and in Kassel . In Westphalia he was wealthy in Minden and Lübbecke and with the Hüffe manor .

Philipp Wilhelm died on August 30, 1616 in his manor house in Richelsdorf; he was buried in the patronage church in Richelsdorf.

Division and end

His five surviving sons (three from the first and two from the second marriage) divided the paternal property among themselves, which resulted in four Westphalian branches of the family (the Hüffer, Lübbecker, Auburger) in addition to the Richelsdorf line, founded by the eldest son Bernd Philipp and Kettenbacher lines). The Richelsdorf line died out in the fourth generation in 1739, whereby Richelsdorf fell to the Auburger. A branch of the Auburger then moved to Richelsdorf in 1762 and formed the new Richelsdorf line there. The Auburger line died out in the male line in 1926, and in 1935 the new Richelsdorf line also went out in the male line with the death of the last patron saint of Richelsdorf, Baron Carl August Albert Ludwig von Cornberg, ducal- Saxon-Altenburg major and chamberlain.

The 450-hectare manor had been managed by tenants for a long time , and the numerous manorial rights, with the exception of church patronage , had long been lost. In 1806 and 1821 the Cornbergers lost their jurisdiction, and with the Hessian Redemption Act of 1854, they also lost their position as landlords with the associated rights and claims to real and personal services by the Richelsdorfers. With 25 times the amount of all their interest, material and service obligations converted into money, the Richelsdorf residents replaced these medieval feudal burdens, but until 1923 had to pay off the loans taken out by the Landeskreditkasse. For the transfer fee in 1898, the Cornbergers built a villa at the exit of the village to Blankenbach, which they then sold in 1902, together with the entire Cornberg forest property of 281 hectares, to a timber merchant from Gladbeck .

After the death of the last Cornberger zu Richelsdorf in 1935, the extensive agricultural property in Richelsdorf was parceled out and sold to the local farmers. Only the old manor house in Richelsdorf, together with the manor buildings and the park and garden areas, initially remained in family ownership, but was also sold by the heirs in 1943. Refugee families were housed there after the Second World War. After structural expansion, the old district of Rotenburg set up a retirement home in the manor house in 1949. After this was later relocated to Rotenburg / Fulda, the vacated house came into private ownership and was converted into a hotel and restaurant. A private specialist clinic for addictions has been housed in the building since 1983.

Nobility

A tombstone of the von Cornberg family in the cemetery in Richelsdorf

On March 29, 1597 in Prague, Philipp Wilhelm received the imperial nobility letter from Emperor Rudolf II as "von Cornberg". In 1777 the family was accepted into the Association of the Althessian Knighthood , and in 1879 they were elevated to the baron status when Christian Wilhelm von Cornberg received the Saxe-Coburg-Gothaische recognition of the baron class. In 1883, the royal Hanoverian Chamber Councilor Karl Ludwig Viktor von Cornberg and his cousin Otto von Cornberg received approval from King Wilhelm I of Prussia to use the title of baron.

By the highest cabinet order of November 17, 1803, the natural son of the Prussian district administrator Philipp von Cornberg auf Lübbecke and Elisabeth Schortmann, legitimized as Philipp Montegrain in 1801, was elevated to the Prussian nobility as "von Cornberg". His son Christian von Cornberg, formerly a colonel in Hesse, also received the right to use the title of baron in 1879. This branch of the family still exists today.

coat of arms

Wappenstein at the castle in Richelsdorf
 Blazon : “The divided coat of arms shows a red lion striding to the right above, in silver, below a layering of blue, silver and red, arranged in three rows with five places. On the helmet with red-silver covers, two buffalo horns divided by silver and red across the corner. Sign holder: Two red lions. "

The places Cornberg and Wagenfeld adopted the coat of arms, each changed in the color of the slaughtered field, as the coat of arms of the political community.

Personalities

  • Philipp Wilhelm von Cornberg (born June 24, 1553 in Kassel, † August 30, 1616 in Richelsdorf), progenitor of the barons of Cornberg.
  • Oskar von Cornberg (born July 4, 1855 in Kassel; † October 20, 1928 in Greiz), lawyer, magistrate, judge and court chamber president under the last regents of the Principality of Reuss.
  • Horst Oskar Christian Freiherr von Cornberg (born December 13, 1886 in Greiz; † May 7, 1943 in Trier), administrative lawyer, government director and district administrator in the Netzekreis .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Until the cession of the Auburg office to the Kingdom of Hanover in 1815, the Auburg Cornberger were enfeoffed by Hessen-Kassel .
  2. ↑ Coat of arms of those von Cornberg in the coat of arms of the Westphalian nobility. GenWiki website accessed April 18, 2010.

literature

Web links