Flensburg tram
| Flensburg municipal tram | |
|---|---|
|
|
| Basic information | |
| Company headquarters | Flensburg |
| owner | City of Flensburg |
| founding | 1881 |
| Lines | |
| tram | 1,2,3,4 |
| trolleybus | 2 |
| number of vehicles | |
| Tram cars | Busch / AEG, MAK / AEG, HAWA / Siemens, Elze / AEG |
| Trolleybuses | Henschel / Schumann / SSW, MAN / Kässbohrer / SSW |
| Operating facilities | |
| Depots | Apenrader Strasse 22 |
The Flensburg tram was a tram company in Flensburg and as such from 1920 to 1973 the northernmost in Germany. The railway was operated by the city as the Flensburg municipal tram .
history
Beginnings as a horse tram
In 1881 the Berlin company Reymer & Masch built a standard-gauge horse -drawn tram through the main street in Flensburg from Apenrader to Angelburger Straße . From 1889 the company was profitable. Initially led by Gustav Johannsen , who was temporarily a member of the Reichstag , it experienced an upswing in the steadily growing city , especially under the aegis of small railroad pioneer Emil Hironymus Kuhrt . The 25-year concession ended in 1906 and the city did not renew it.
Construction and expansion of the electric tram
The city built its own electrical operation in the city, which is still growing. The first meter-gauge , double-track tram line followed the old horse-drawn tram line between Apenrader Strasse and Hafermarkt and began operating on July 6, 1907. Lines 2 and 3 followed in 1911/12. The former connected Marienhölzung with the district station and crossed the main line in Rathausstrasse. The latter used the route of line 1 and drove north-east to the new Mürwik naval school . At the same time, lines 1 and 3 in Apenrader Straße were extended to the glassworks. In 1925, line 4 was set up to Glücksburg , which largely ran on the route of the circular railway and thus assumed the character of an overland tram. In 1927 the southern end of Line 1 was moved to the new station . In the north, lines 1 and 3 went beyond the glassworks to the Ostseebadweg. The network was 18 kilometers long and consisted of four lines.
Decline in the time of National Socialism and the post-war period
Line 4, which started off well at first, experienced a significant drop in passenger numbers after the global economic crisis in 1929 and was discontinued in 1934. The traffic to Glücksburg continued to be guaranteed by the circular railway and by the Fördeschifffahrt. Set in the Second World War was followed by the conversion of Line 2 on Oberleitungsbusbetrieb (trolleybus). Since the air raids on Flensburg were not very successful, the tram suffered relatively little damage. Nevertheless, several trams in the tram depot were damaged in the air raid on May 19, 1943 . May 1945 four high-explosive bombs fell on the tram at the terminus at Mürwik . Seven people died.
In the early 1950s, the fleet of seven railcars and eight sidecars of the association type was renewed. The decision not to open up the new residential areas in the east by tram and not to modernize line 3 along Mürwiker Straße, inevitably had to lead to the imminent end of the tram. In 1957, line 3 was discontinued and, like the trolleybus on line 2, it was replaced by diesel buses . Nevertheless, the 4.2 kilometer long line 1 from the Ostseebad to the train station remained the backbone of Flensburg's local transport and was mostly served every five minutes. In June 1973, however, it was also replaced by a diesel bus line and was soon dismantled when the Flensburg municipal utility expanded the district heating network in the main traffic axis (Große Straße, Holm ). Since then it has been largely a pedestrian zone .
The memories of the Flensburg tram stayed alive for a long time. In an old riddle about the Nordertor it is mentioned that the tram drove around the building. A tram mast has remained in Bismarckstrasse to this day (as of 2013). In the nineties, one of the cars in the Hansens Brewery was used as a seat for the guests to be entertained. In Carlisle Park , at Flensburg train station , as well as at Apenrader Straße, where the tram depot was located, which is now used as a bus depot, you can find a memorial to the Flensburg tram. In the Mürwik district , on the busy Mürwiker Straße, there is a wall painting with the tram on a house.
- Places of remembrance of the tram in Flensburg
Memorial stone for the Flensburg tram at Apenrader Strasse
The Aktivbus Flensburg bus depot originally served as a tram depot
Tram Memorial in Carlisle Park
The last tram mast in Bismarckstrasse at night
Mürwik tram line in front of the Mürwik naval school , as a picture at the Seewarte
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Line network
- Line 1 : 1907: Apenrader Straße - Hafermarkt , 1912: Glashütte - Hafermarkt, 1927–1973: Ostseebadweg - train station
- Line 2 : 1911: Marienhölzungsweg - Kreisbahnhof, switched to trolleybus in 1943
- Line 3 : 1912: Glashütte - Mürwik , 1927–1957: Ostseebadweg - Mürwik, dismantling of the Südermarkt - Mürwik section
- Line 4 : 1925: Apenrader Straße - Glücksburg , 1926–1934: Südermarkt - Glücksburg
vehicles
The following vehicles have been preserved:
- No. 40 (1952): Skjoldenæsholm Tram Museum
- 33 and 36 (1926): Skjoldenæsholm Tram Museum
No. 36 was overhauled and restored in the workshops of the Gera transport company by May 2012 . Tw No. 33 was as of the end of July 2013 in an unprocessed condition in Gera .
Received until 2009
- No. 102 (1954): Car body in Flensburg preserved until 2009, then scrapped
literature
- Dieter Höltge: Trams and light rail vehicles in Germany. Volume 8: Schleswig-Holstein . EK-Verlag, Freiburg 2002, ISBN 3-88255-339-1 , pp. 22–46 and 209–212.
- Reinhard Müller: End of the line scrap. The tram in Flensburg. In: Tram magazine. Issue 1/2001, pp. 52-58.
- Broder Schwensen, Karl Wilhelm Lönneker: Eventful Years · The Flensburg Trams 1855–1973 . Flensburg 2001, ISBN 3-926055-56-1 .
Movie
- Dieter Nickel: On rails through Flensburg · Everyday life and end of the Flensburg tram 1907–1973 . Harrislee 2006.
Individual evidence
- ↑ http://www.aktiv-bus.de/ueberuns/unternehmensentwicklung/DerStadtverkehr.pdf?m=1421690681
- ↑ See Flensburg in the past and present. Society for Flensburg City History, 1972, p. 275 (one of the two standard works on Flensburg history)
- ↑ Video of the Skjoldenæsholm Tram Museum on YouTube
- ↑ Personal visit to the depot in Gera on July 25, 2013.
