Strategy 31

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Strategy 31
logo
founding July 31, 2009
Seat Moscow , Russian Federation
main emphasis Human rights
Action space National
people Lyudmila Alexeyeva

Konstantin Kosjakin Eduard Limonow

Website strategy-31.ru
Eduard Limonow

Strategy 31 ( Russian Стратегия-31 , wiss. Transliteration Strategija-31 ) is the name of a citizens' movement of opposition forces in the Russian Federation, the regular, peaceful street protests in memory of paragraph 31 of the Russian constitution , which organized the freedom of assembly and demonstration . The protests took place from July 31, 2009 to March 31, 2011 on the 31st of the odd month in Moscow on Triumfalnaya ploshchad (Triumph Square) and in other Russian cities.

aims

The name Strategy 31 refers to Article 31 of the Russian Constitution. This gives citizens the right to participate in meetings and demonstrations peacefully and unarmed.

history

Strategy 31 was founded on July 31, 2009 by the national Bolshevik politician Eduard Weniaminowitsch Limonow . Limonov, who on the one hand worked as a writer, on the other hand also participated in the bombardment of Sarajevo on the side of Radovan Karadžić , is a colorful figure in Russian literature and the Russian opposition movement. Politically, he appears in Russia primarily as the leader of the radical National Bolshevik Party of Russia (NBP), which he himself founded in 1994 .

Since its inception, Strategy 31 has been supported by various Russian human rights organizations and political movements, in particular the Moscow Helsinki Group (Lyudmila Alexejewa) and the Memorial Human Rights Center ( Arseni Roginski ) and the movement "for human rights" ( Lev Ponomarjow ).

American US by the magazine Foreign Policy has Strategy 31 characterized as "elite group". Other well-known representatives besides Alexejewa, Limonow and Kosjakin are Lev Ponomarjow and Evgenija Tschirikowa . Eduard Limonow was arrested in front of his house on December 31, 2010 and sentenced to 15 days in prison.

Protest rallies

Within the Russian Federation

So far, not a single protest march from Strategy 31 on Triumfalnaya ploshchad (Triumph Square) has been approved by the authorities. The reasons for the rejections were that other activities had been submitted beforehand at the same place. Including a youth sports festival (August 31, 2009), a military sports festival (October 31, 2009) and a motorsport event (July 31, 2010).

The actions of strategy 31 were broken up each time by the riot police, which also arrested a larger number of participants and passers-by.

Since January 2010, the idea of Strategy 31 has spread beyond Moscow to around twenty other Russian cities, from St. Petersburg to Vladivostok .

Solidarity rallies and vigils in support of Strategy 31 are also taking place abroad, including in Berlin, Brussels, Helsinki, Kiev, Prague and Tel Aviv.

July 31, 2009
Triumph Square, July 31, 2009

The first demonstration as part of Strategy 31 took place on Triumph Square in Moscow on July 31, 2009.

December 31, 2009
Triumph Square, December 31, 2009

The protest action on December 31, 2009 caused an international stir when, among other things, the then 84-year-old Lyudmila Mikhailovna Alexejewa , known as the chairwoman of the Moscow Helsinki Group, was arrested . The New York Times even reported the arrest on its front page.

Police violently break up the May 31, 2010 demonstration
May 31, 2010

Strategy 31's largest protest march to date took place on May 31, 2010, when around 1,000 participants gathered on the Triumfalnaya ploshchad , to which the riot police reacted with extraordinary severity and over 100 arrests.

July 31, 2010

The application for a rally approval submitted to the city administration in good time was rejected as always; instead, a motorsport event was approved on the Triumfalnaya ploshchad in Moscow. The protest action on July 31, 2010 counted around 200 to 500 participants (depending on the source), including the former Vice Prime Minister and liberal politician Boris Nemtsov . When Nemtsov silently entered Triumph Square without a poster or other identification, he was arrested along with 35 to 70 other people. They are accused of disobedience to the police, which can be punished with up to 15 days' arrest.

August 31, 2010

The rally in Moscow once again received no approval. According to Echo Moskwy , the approximately 100 demonstrators faced over 1,000 police officers to prevent the opposition rally. According to the police, around 70 demonstrators were arrested. Among them were the writer and politician Eduard Limonov and the former Vice Prime Minister Boris Nemtsov. Similar actions took place in Yekaterinburg (Urals), Tomsk (Siberia) and Krasnodar (southern Russia) with 20 to 100 participants each. These demonstrations were allowed by the local authorities and were therefore not overshadowed by arrests.

October 31, 2010

Depending on the source, 800 to 2,000 government critics and human rights activists took part in the first approved demonstration of Strategy 31 in Moscow, for which the authorities had set an upper limit of 1,000 participants. The protests on the Triumfalnaya ploshchad had always been banned beforehand and were often broken up or stopped by force. The head of the Moscow Helsinki Group, Lyudmila Alexejewa , thanked the authorities for their "prudent behavior".

In addition to the approved rally, other members of the opposition who criticized Alexeyeva's agreement with the Moscow city administration also demonstrated without permission. The security forces arrested numerous counter-demonstrators, including the author Eduard Limonow , who was critical of the government, as the initiator of the counter-event.

An unauthorized demonstration took place in front of the Gostiny Dvor in St. Petersburg. The police arrested numerous demonstrators.

March 31, 2011

At the end of March 2011, Lev Ponomarev announced that he would organize the last Strategy-31 protest on March 31. After that there should be no more rallies on the 31st of a corresponding month.

Strategy 31 Abroad

Alex Goldfarb , a Russian-American biochemist who had worked on various Eastern European projects by George Soros in the 1990s and who later worked for Boris Berezovsky for a long time , suggested in his blog at the beginning of August 2010 that Strategy 31 should be an initiative to export to the West and to demonstrate on the 31st of an odd month in front of Russian missions in Washington, Paris, London and elsewhere. On August 30, Luke Harding , Russia expert for the Guardian , announced demonstrations in front of Russian representations in London, New York, Helsinki, Berlin and Tel Aviv for the next day.

Organizing Committee

See also

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ strategy-31.ru ( Memento from May 21, 2010 in the Internet Archive )
  2. ^ Opposition activist hails end of Moscow's Strategy 31 protests , sputniknews.com, March 28, 2011
  3. ^ The bell tolls for Strategy 31 , sputniknews.com, March 31, 2011
  4. ↑ Government of the Russian Federation: Rights and Freedoms of People and Citizens . Government of the Russian Federation. 2010. Retrieved August 2, 2010.
  5. ↑ Barbara Lehmann: Strategy 31: Resistance in Russia . WDR January 5th, 2010. Archived from the original on October 23rd, 2010. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved August 1, 2010. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.wdr5.de
  6. ↑ " With the exception of Yevgenia Chirikova, who has become prominent as an emerging leader of the Russian protest movement, the men and women I talked to have not been heard about in the West. Most live outside Moscow and St. Petersburg and don ' t often engage in hand-to-hand clashes with the regime as do, for instance, such elite groups as "Strategy-31." Yet, it is they and thousands like them who are making Russian history by laying a foundation for a new , post-authoritarian country. ": Putin Is Already Dead, By Leon Aron ( Memento of February 13, 2012 in the Internet Archive ), foreignpolicy.com, February 7, 2012. Memento of February 13, 2012.
  7. ^ Opposition activist hails end of Moscow's Strategy 31 protests , sputniknews.com, March 28, 2011
  8. ↑ Ellen Barry: Russian Dissident's Passion Endures Despite Tests . New York Times. January 11, 2010. Retrieved August 2, 2010.
  9. ↑ Markus Ackeret: No mercy for Russia's opposition . The New Zurich Times. August 2, 2010. Retrieved August 2, 2010.
  10. ^ RIA Novosti: Demo in Moscow ended: "Disagreeds" leave Triumph Square . RIA Novosti. August 31, 2010. Retrieved August 31, 2010.
  11. ↑ dpa / DAPD: 2000 people demonstrate in Moscow for freedom of assembly - rally surprisingly approved . dpa / DAPD. October 31, 2010. Accessed October 31, 2010.  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www.zuonline.ch  
  12. ^ Opposition activist hails end of Moscow's Strategy 31 protests , sputniknews.com, March 28, 2011
  13. ^ John Horvath: The Soros Network ( Memento July 14, 2015 in the Internet Archive ). In: Telepolis . December 18, 1996
  14. ^ "Goldfarb champions the Russian equivalent of Loose Change, a film that claims the Russian secret police staged terrorist bombings to blame the Chechens and strengthen the hand of Vladimir Putin. Titled Disbelief, the film was researched by Litvinenko and funded by Berezovsky. All roads lead back to Berezovsky. This ought to be a massive problem: if everyone, including Goldfarb, is in Berezovsky's pay, there are no disinterested accounts, only potential apologists for his world-view. Yet Goldfarb is canny enough to realize that the connection with Berezovsky is also a strength. "( Nicholas Blincoe : All roads lead back to Berezovsky . In: The Daily Telegraph . June 14, 2007)
  15. ↑ Движение-31 на Западе? Вопрос к обсуждению. , alexgoldfarb.livejournal.com, August 1, 2010
  16. ^ Luke Harding: The Russian protesters who won't give up . In: The Guardian . August 30, 2010