Welt bark owl

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Welt bark owl
Acronicta strigosa.jpg

Welted bark owl ( Acronicta strigosa )

Systematics
Order : Butterflies (Lepidoptera)
Superfamily : Noctuoidea
Family : Owl butterfly (Noctuidae)
Subfamily : Acronictinae
Genre : Acronicta
Type : Welt bark owl
Scientific name
Acronicta strigosa
( Denis & Schiffermüller , 1775)

The welted bark owl ( Acronicta strigosa ), also known as deciduous welted owl, is a butterfly ( moth ) from the owl butterfly family (Noctuidae).

features

butterfly

The moths of the welted bark owl are among the smallest species of the genus Acronicta , with a wingspan of around 27 to 31 millimeters . They have light to dark gray to dark brown colored fore wings as the basic color. A distinct, black root welt, a central welt and a tornal welt are striking. The inner and outer transverse lines are clearly and double drawn. The outer serrated transverse line is sharply angled between the tornal welt and the rear edge and jumps far back. The middle shadow is only well developed at the front edge. The hem line is indicated by black dots. The ring flaw is outlined in black with a very small, central black point. However, the border is often broken or incomplete. The more or less filled-in light brown kidney flaw can also have a black border towards the inner edge. The fringes are colored light gray. The hind wings are light gray and get a little darker towards the terms. A median line is formed on the underside of the hind and fore wings, and a discal spot on the hind wings.

Caterpillar, pupa

The caterpillars come in two color variants, either green with a brown back or completely brown. They have little, short, fine hair. The slender doll is colored light brown. The cremaster is short and has thorns.

Geographical distribution and habitat

In Europe the species is distributed locally, south to the Pyrenees and Cantabria , the southern edge of the Alps to Slovenia and northern Greece , north to the south of Denmark , Sweden and Finland , east to the Urals . The distribution area extends through Siberia to the Far East ( Russian Far East , North China, Japan, Korea). According to Hacker (in Ebert), it is likely to occur in Asia Minor , since it was also found in the Caucasus . In the south of England, however, it has not been proven since 1933; the population is extinct. In 1996, however, an immigrant butterfly was found in East Sussex . Nevertheless, southern England is often still quoted in the distribution information or shown on the distribution maps.

The animals prefer to live in riparian forests as well as stream and river valleys with high humidity, but also in moderately warm climates. In the Alps they do not rise above 1200 meters.

Way of life

The welted bark owl usually forms two generations a year. The moths of the first generation fly from June to July, those of the second generation in August and September. However, the generations are often not clearly separated, but rather overlap somewhat. In the northern part of the distribution area, only one generation is formed whose moths fly from late May to August, and in the mountains only fly in July. The moths are nocturnal and visit artificial light sources and bait .

The caterpillars feed polyphagous ; mainly from the leaves of hawthorn ( Crataegus ), but also from other deciduous trees such as birch ( Betula ), privet ( Ligustrum ), buckthorn ( Rhamnus ), prunus (including sour cherry ( Prunus cerasus ), blackthorn ( Prunus spinosa ) and plum ( Prunus) domestica )), white berries ( Sorbus ), pears ( Pyrus ) and apples ( Malus ). They pupate in soft, rotting wood or peat . The pupa hibernates.

Danger

The species is rare almost everywhere in Germany and is listed in Category 2 (endangered) on the Red List of Endangered Species . In some federal states it is already extinct, in others it is threatened with extinction (Category 1) or endangered (Category 2). Only in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania is it "only" classified in category 3 (endangered).

Systematics

The species is described by Fibiger et al. (2009) placed in the subgenus Hyboma Huebner, 1820. The three species of this subgenus of Acronicta are common in the Far East. But only the distribution area of Acronicta (Hyboma) strigosa ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) extends to Western Europe.

swell

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Michael Denis and Johann Ignaz Schiffermüller : Systematic directory of the butterflies of the Vienna region published by some teachers at the kk Theresianum. S. 88.Bernardi, Vienna 1775
  2. ↑ Red List
  3. ↑ Fibiger et al. (2009: p. 46/7)
  4. ↑ a b c Ebert et al. (1997: pp. 35 to 38)
  5. ↑ a b c Walter Forster , Theodor A. Wohlfahrt : The butterflies of Central Europe. Volume 4: Owls. (Noctuidae). Franckh'sche Verlagshandlung, Stuttgart 1971, ISBN 3-440-03752-5 .
  6. ↑ UK Moths by Ian Kimber
  7. ↑ Arno Bergmann: The large butterflies of Central Germany. Volume 4/1: Owls. Distribution, forms and communities. Urania-Verlag, Jena 1954, DNB 450378373 .
  8. ↑ Federal Agency for Nature Conservation (Ed.): Red List of Endangered Animals in Germany. Landwirtschaftsverlag, Münster 1998, ISBN 3-89624-110-9

literature

  • Günter Ebert (Ed.): The butterflies of Baden-Württemberg . Volume 6, Nachtfalter IV. Ulmer Verlag Stuttgart 1997, ISBN 3-8001-3482-9
  • Michael Fibiger, László Ronkay, Axel Steiner & Alberto Zilli: Noctuidae Europaeae Volume 11 Pantheinae, Dilobinae, Acronictinae, Eustrotiinae, Nolinae, Bagisarinae, Acontiinae, Metoponiinae, Heliothinae and Bryophilinae. 504 pp., Entomological Press, Sorø 2009 ISBN 978-87-89430-14-0

Web links

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