Bog peat moss

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Bog peat moss
Bog peat moss (Sphagnum palustre)

Bog peat moss ( Sphagnum palustre )

Systematics
Class : Sphagnopsida
Order : Sphagnales
Family : Sphagnaceae
Genre : Peat Moss ( Sphagnum )
Section : Sphagnum
Type : Bog peat moss
Scientific name
Sphagnum palustre
L.

The swamp peat moss ( Sphagnum palustre , syn .: Sphagnum cymbifolium (Ehrhart) R. Hedwig) is a representative of the peat or white moss ( Sphagnum ). You can also find the names "common peat moss", "broad-leaved peat moss" or "scot-leaved peat moss". Like other species of the genus, it can absorb 30 times its dry weight in water with the help of elastic spiral fibers. The comparatively common and almost worldwide widespread peat moss grows mainly in wet forests, mostly coniferous forests and, in contrast to the other representatives of this moss genus, is found less often in bogs.

features

The swamp peat moss forms strong up to 25 centimeters long, mostly light green to light brown plants with stem diameters between 0.6 and 1.2 millimeters. The epidermis (hyalodermis) of the trunk has three layers, the cells usually have 1 to 3, rarely more pores and are rich in spiral fibers. The broadly rounded to rectangular stem leaves are narrowly hyaline and measure around 1.2 to 2 by 0.9 to 1.4 millimeters.

The branches stand in clusters of three to six splaying out on the trunk. The heads are usually more clearly pigmented and bud-shaped. On the edge they often have longer, more or less pale branches up to 2 centimeters long, so that the heads and their shape are somewhat reminiscent of the inflorescences of edelweiss. The ovoid, hollow leaves are between 1 and 2 millimeters wide. They consist of a network of green cells with a triangular cross-section, which are characterized by pores and spirals. The capsules are almost spherical in shape.

Distribution and locations

The swamp peat moss is distributed across Europe to Asia, parts of America, Australia and New Zealand. The peat moss is comparatively common. It grows in moist to wet locations. The species forms large carpets or bulging bulges on the ground of wet forests, mostly coniferous forests, on boggy meadows and only rarely in bogs. Fringed peat moss ( Sphagnum fimbriatum ), glossy peat moss ( Sphagnum subnitens ) or Sphagnum squarrosum are often found in their growing areas.

Hazards and protective measures

The swamp peat moss is not included in the Red List of Threatened Species by the International Union for Conservation of Nature ( IUCN ) and is therefore considered safe from a global perspective. The Federal Republic of Germany places this peat moss species on the national red list with currently harmless; Your state of Saarland sees you in the state list as safe. The Switzerland represents the marsh peat moss in their national Red List and also rated it as not at risk ( "LC").

Like all types of peat moss, bog peat moss is also covered by the Fauna-Flora-Habitat Directive No. 92/43 / EEC in the updated version of January 1, 2007 and by being listed in Appendix V with the option of protection Regulation of withdrawal and usage restrictions. In addition, their habitat is placed under protection through the inclusion of “Acid Moors with Sphagnum” in Appendix I, which means that special protected areas must be designated for these habitats.

The legislation of the Federal Republic of Germany defines Sphagnum palustre with all species of the genus in the Federal Species Protection Ordinance as a specially protected species.

The Switzerland protects the marsh peat moss in the Federal Law on Nature and Cultural Heritage Moore as habitats of peat moss and promotes the Restoration of wetlands and moorlands.

use

The swamp peat moss for the Mossclone project is propagated from a single spore in a moss bioreactor

In the project of the 7th research framework program of the EU Mossclone , the swamp peat moss Sphagnum palustre is propagated in moss bioreactors in order to develop a measuring instrument for air pollution control.

literature

Web links

Commons : Bog Peat Moss  - Collection of Images

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ ARTeFAKT types and facts. In: Red lists and protective provisions / master data of Sphagnum palustre . Rhineland-Palatinate - State Office for the Environment; Water Management and Labor Inspectorate, accessed July 12, 2010 .
  2. ↑ Redslob: The mosses and lichens of Germany. Wilhelm Baensch Verlagshandlung, Dresden, 2nd edition, around 1920.
  3. ↑ Lists of particularly protected plant and fungus species in Thuringia. (No longer available online.) Free State of Thuringia State Institute for Environment and Geology, archived from the original on November 3, 2013 ; Retrieved November 1, 2013 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.tlug-jena.de
  4. ↑ Online query for “Sphagnum palustre” in the Red List of Endangered Species in Germany and its federal states. science4you, accessed July 12, 2010 .
  5. ↑ Red List of Endangered Species in Switzerland / Mosses. Federal Office for the Environment FOEN, 2004, accessed on July 12, 2010 (search for Sphagnum palustre in PDF document).
  6. ↑ Directive 92/43 / EEC (Fauna-Flora-Habitat Directive) in the consolidated version of January 1, 2007 , accessed on July 12, 2010
  7. ↑ Federal Species Protection Ordinance of the Federal Republic of Germany (BArtSchV). Federal Ministry of Justice, accessed on July 12, 2010 (search for Sphagnum).
  8. ↑ Federal law on nature and homeland protection. The federal authorities of the Swiss Confederation, accessed on July 12, 2010 .
  9. ↑ Video of the Euronews portal “Mosses should control air pollution” June 3, 2013; Retrieved Nov. 6, 2013
  10. ^ Website of the research project [1]