Sunda stink badger
| Sunda stink badger | ||||||||||||
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Specimen from the collection of the Natural History Museum Vienna |
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| Mydaus javanensis | ||||||||||||
| ( Desmarest , 1820) |
The Sunda stink badger , Malay stink badger , Java stink badger or Teledu ( Mydaus javanensis ) is a species of the genus of the stink badger within the Skunks . He lives in the Great Sunda Islands in Indonesia and Malaysia.
features
The Sunda stink badger reaches a head-trunk length of 37 to 52 centimeters and a tail length of 3.4 to 3.7 centimeters. The weight is 1.2 to 3.6 kilograms. It is slightly larger than the Palawan stink badger ( Mydaus marchei ) on the Philippines island of Palawan . The fur is predominantly black with a light stripe on the back that extends to the completely light-colored short tail, which is covered with long hair, a light-colored head and partially light-colored legs. The snout is elongated like a trunk and resembles the snout of a domestic pig .
| 3 | · | 1 | · | 3 | · | 1 | = 34 |
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The skull has a length of about 90 to 104 millimeters for the males and about 84 to 90 millimeters for the females. The width in the area of the zygomatic arches is 48 to 49 millimeters in the males and 42 to 43 millimeters in the females. The Skunk has three in the upper jaw half per cutting teeth (incisors), a canine , three Vorbackenzähne (Praemolares) and a molar tooth (molar). In the lower jaw it has an additional premolar per half. The animals have a total of 34 teeth.
distribution
The distribution area of the Sunda stink badger includes the Indonesian islands of Java , Sumatra and the Natuna Islands as well as both the Indonesian and the Malaysian part of the island of Borneo . Other, as yet unconfirmed sightings come from Brunei , another state on the north coast of Borneo. The species prefers flatlands and less elevated areas, but also occurs at altitudes up to over 2,000 meters.
Way of life
The Sunda stink badger is nocturnal and usually spends the days in self-dug or built structures in the ground at a depth of up to 60 centimeters. The animals have an omnivorous diet , with the main diet consisting of invertebrates such as worms and insects. There are also eggs, carrion and plant material. Food is sought with the nose via the sense of smell and dug up with the help of the clawed feet.
Little is known about the reproduction of the animals. The females probably give birth to two to three young animals in their den, which are suckled on the teats.
Systematics
The first scientific description of the Sunda stink badger comes from Anselme Gaëtan Desmarest from 1820, who described the species as Mephitis javanensis and thus assigned the known skunks to the genus Mephitis (today striped skunks ). Frédéric Cuvier described the genus Mydaus and the species Mydaus meliceps in 1825 , which served as a type species for the genus and was later synonymous with Mydaus javanensis .
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Phylogenetic systematics of the Skunks
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Another species within the stink badger was the Palawan stink badger ( Mydaus marchei ). The species was temporarily classified in its own monotypical genus Suillotaxus due to anatomical features . It is believed that the ancestors of this kind of on Borneo living populations were separated the Sunda Stinkdachses by the rising sea level before about 165,000 years ago, fossils are not detected.
Within the more recent genera of the Skunks, the stink badgers represent the most primitive genus and are compared to all other Skunks living today as the most primitive group. The time when the stink badgers separated from the American taxa was about 20.7 million years ago.
In addition to the nominate form Mydaus javanensis javanensis on Java and Sumatra, three subspecies are distinguished: Mydaus javanensis lucifer on Borneo and Mydaus javanensis ollula on the Natuna Islands .
Hazard and protection
The Sunda badger is classified by the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) as not endangered (least concern). This is mainly justified with the comparatively large living space and the assumed insensitivity to changes in living space and human settlement. Although extensive destruction of the original forest habitats is taking place, especially in Sumatra and Borneo , there have been numerous sightings of the animals away from the primeval forest. There is extensive hunting and use of the animals, including for medical purposes, but does not reach any extent that could endanger the population.
supporting documents
- ↑ M. Wrobel (Ed.): Elsevier's Dictionary of Mammals - Latin, English, German, French, Italian. 868 pp., Elsevier, 2006. ISBN 978-0-444-51877-4 . (Reading sample)
- ↑ a b c Yeen Ten Hwang, Serge Larivière: Mydaus javanensis . In: Mammalian Species . tape 723 , 2003, p. 1–3 ( full text (PDF; 271 kB)).
- ↑ a b c d J.W. Dragoo: Sunda Stink Badger Mydaus javanensis. In: Don E. Wilson, Russell A. Mittermeier (eds.): Handbook of the Mammals of the World. Volume 1: Carnivores. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona 2009; P. 555. ISBN 978-84-96553-49-1 .
- ↑ a b c Mydaus javanensis in the endangered Red List species the IUCN 2008 Posted by: B. Long, J. Hon, MJ Azlan, JW Duckworth, 2008. Accessed December 28, 2011th
- ↑ a b Don E. Wilson & DeeAnn M. Reeder (eds.): Mydaus javanensis ( Memento of the original from January 16, 2017 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. in Mammal Species of the World. A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed).
- ↑ a b Katrin Nyakatura, Olaf RP Bininda-Emonds: Updating the evolutionary history of Carnivora (Mammalia): a new species-level supertree complete with divergence time estimates. BMC Biology 10, 2012. doi : 10.1186 / 1741-7007-10-12
- ↑ a b Yeen Ten Hwang, Serge Larivière: Mydaus marchei . In: Mammalian Species . tape 757 , 2004, pp. 1–3 ( full text (PDF; 720 kB)).
- ^ Mydaus marchei in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2012.2. Posted by: B. Tabaranza, L. Ruedas, P. Widmann, J. Esselstyn, 2008. Retrieved December 14, 2012.
literature
- Yeen Ten Hwang, Serge Larivière: Mydaus javanensis . In: Mammalian Species . tape 723 , 2003, p. 1–3 ( full text (PDF; 271 kB)).
- JW Dragoo: Sunda Stink Badger Mydaus javanensis. In: Don E. Wilson, Russell A. Mittermeier (eds.): Handbook of the Mammals of the World. Volume 1: Carnivores. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona 2009; P. 555. ISBN 978-84-96553-49-1 .
Web links
- Mydaus javanensis in the endangered Red List species the IUCN 2008 Posted by: B. Long, J. Hon, MJ Azlan, JW Duckworth, 2008. Accessed December 28, 2011th