Sverdrup Island (Kara Sea)
| Sverdrup Island | ||
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| Waters | Kara Sea | |
| Geographical location | 74 ° 33 ' N , 79 ° 27' E | |
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| length | 15 km | |
| width | 10 km | |
| surface | 70 km² | |
| Highest elevation | 33 m | |
| Residents | uninhabited | |
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The Sverdrup Island ( Russian Остров Свердрупа , Ostrow Swerdrupa ) is an uninhabited Russian island in the Kara Sea . Administratively it belongs to the Krasnoyarsk Territory .
geography
The island is isolated in the southern part of the Kara Sea, a marginal sea of the Arctic Ocean . From the Siberian mainland in Dikson it is around 110 km from the islands of the Arctic Institute km to the northeast 90 removed. The island has an area of 70 km² with a maximum extension of about 15 km. It has sandy spits in the east and west , which make up about a third of the area and enclose a lagoon in the west . In its central part, Sverdrup Island reaches a maximum height of 33 m above sea level. It is part of the Great Arctic Nature Reserve established in 1993 , the largest Russian nature reserve .
climate
The climate on Sverdrup Island is arctic. The mean temperature in July is between 0.4 and 3.4 ° C, in January between -26 and -28 ° C. There are only 20 to 30 frost-free days per year. The annual rainfall is 200-300 mm.
Flora and fauna
The Sverdrup Island has only a sparse vegetation, which corresponds to that of a polar cold desert . 34 taxa of vascular plants , 33 types of moss and 27 types of lichens were detected.
At mammals the are Siberian Lemming and seasonally the arctic fox represented. Dunlins and various plover species breed on the island .
history
The island was discovered on August 18, 1893 by the Norwegian Fram Expedition under Fridtjof Nansen and named after Otto Sverdrup , the ship's captain, who was the first to sight it. The first landing took place in August 1933 as part of a Soviet expedition led by Jakow Jakowlewitsch Gakkel with the icebreakers Sibirjakow and Russanow .
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d A. A. Andreev, PE Tarasov, FA Romanenko, LD Sulershitsky: Younger Dryas Pollen Records from Sverdrup Island (Kara Sea) (PDF; 373 kB). In: Quaternary International 41–42, 1997, pp. 135–139 (English)
- ↑ Topographic map of Sverdrup Island
- ↑ Great Arctic State Nature Reserve ( Memento August 11, 2010 in the Internet Archive ), accessed on October 9, 2012
- ↑ Large Arctic Nature Reserve in the information and information system Specially Protected Natural Areas of Russia of the Center for Nature Conservation (Russian), accessed on July 2, 2011.
- ↑ PS Tomkovich: Breeding conditions for waders in Russian Tundra in 1993 (PDF, 1.0 MB). In: International Wader Studies 10, pp. 124-131 (English)
- ^ Fridtjof Nansen: Farthest North . Volume 1, Harper & Bros., New York & London 1897, pp. 154–157 (English)