Sylvester Morariu-Andriewicz

Sylvester Morariu-Andriewicz lithograph by Adolf Dauthage , 1880

Metropolitan Sylvester Morariu-Andriewicz

Sylvester Morariu-Andriewicz , actually Samuel (Samuil) Morariu (born November 14, 1818 in Mitocu Dragomirnei near Suczeawa (Suceava) ; † April 15, 1895 in Czernowitz (Cernăuţi) ), son of a Romanian Orthodox village clergyman, was a Greek-Oriental theologian , Educator, writer, Archbishop of Chernivtsi and Metropolitan of Bukovina and Dalmatia , from 1880 member of the Austrian manor house for life.

biography

Chernivtsi, residence of the archbishop

Territory of the Orthodox Archdiocese of Chernivtsi (III.)

After graduating from high school and then studying Greek Orthodox theology in Chernivtsi, he got his first job as pastor in Ceahor (1843–1862). From 1862 to 1877 he was consistorial councilor of the archbishop's consistory and music teacher at the diocesan seminary and at the church singing school in Chernivtsi, 1877-1880 metropolitan vicar, 1879 administrator of Bukovina, 1880 archbishop of Chernivtsi. From 1880 until his death, Sylvester was metropolitan of Bukovina and Dalmatia. At the same time, as a high cleric, he took a place in the manor house , the upper house of the Austrian Imperial Council , "for life" and gave up his Imperial Council mandate, which he had held since 1870. At that time he and Alexander Freiherr Wassilko von Serecki were the only representatives of the Duchy of Bukovina in this body.

As early as the 1860s, he was active in nationally-minded Romanian circles; As head of the Bukovinian Orthodox Church, he often came into conflict with the Ruthenian politicians and also with the Austrian authorities because of his Romanian national positions in relation to the Ukrainian demands for a say in the administration of the diocese and the religious fund. The fact that the then deputy and later short-term provincial president of the duchy, Count Anton Pace von Friedensberg , campaigned personally before the state elections in 1890 to secure four seats for the Ruthenian candidates, and one year later he publicly supported the Romanian national program of the Archbishop and his efforts for ecclesiastical autonomy had opposed, led in 1892 to his removal by the Viennese government.

The musical association “Armonia” was founded at Morarius's endeavor, followed by the literary association of orthodox theology students “Academia ortodoxă” in 1889.

The metropolitan was also a founding member of the Concordia Society, constituted in 1885, which for the first time brought together the Romanian intelligentsia under a common cultural and political program in which the national goals were considered to be superficial.

He wrote numerous educational and theological books, but also fables and poems.

The Morariugasse in Chernivtsi was named after him.

Name differences

After Samuil Morariu was appointed by the Orthodox Archbishop and Governor (until 1864) of Bukowina Eugen Hacman as preacher for the cathedral in Chernivtsi, he was given the name “Andriewicz” based on the name of his predecessor “Andrii”. In 1871, Samuel added his maiden name. When he made his monastic vows in 1873, he took the name Sylvester. In 1919 his name was Romanianized. Its official name in Romania is still today: Morariu-Andrievici Silvestru (Samuil).

His nephew and great-nephew also gained respect.

Constantin Morariu (1854–1927), the nephew, was a clerical dignitary and author of theological, folkloric and regional studies, but also the author of numerous poems (2 volumes)

His great-nephew Victor Morariu (1881–1946), son of Constantin, was a literary historian, Dr. phil. 1905, high school professor for Romanian and German in Suczeawa (Suceava), from 1934 full professor for German studies at the University of Chernivtsi, from 1940 at that of Bucharest (București [bukuˈreʃtʲ]) . He also left numerous works.

Works

Metropolitan Sylvester Morariu-Andriewicz around 1890

• Micul Komenic pentru întâia claslă a şcoalelor poporene / Little Komenius for the first grade of elementary schools, Vienna, 1851, 77 pp. (Altă ediţie 1862)
• Carte de cetire sau Legendariu românesc pentru întâa clasă a şcoalelor poporene, Vienna, 1852, 110 pp.
• Pentru a doua clasă, Vienna, 1855, 164 p. (Old ediţii in 1858, 1865, 1869, 1873)
• Pentru a treia clasă, Vienna, 1861, 162 p. (Old ediţii în 1862, 1866, 1868, 1877)
• Pentru a patra clasă, Vienna, 1856, 206 pp. (Old ediţii in 1860, 1862, 1869)
• Metodica şi calculăciunii cu cifre, Vienna, 1858, 229 pp.
• Metodica calculăciunii în cap, Vienna, 1860, 202 pp.
• Aritmetica pentru şcoalele săteşti, Vienna, 1868, 140 pp.
• The orthodox doctrine of the Christian religions, 3 volumes, Vienna 1862–1864
• Învăţătura ortodoxă din Religunea creştinească pentru clasele superioare ale gimnaziului
• Învăţătura dogmatică generală, Vienna, 1862, 166 pp.
• Învăţătura dogmatică specială, Vienna, 1862, 182 pp.
• Învăţătura morală, Vienna, 1864, 212 pp.
• Catehism mic pentru tinerimea ortodoxă din I şi a II-a class a şcoalelor naţionale din Bucovina, Vienna, 1865, 38 p. (Old ediţii 1889,1892)
• Istoria sfântă a Testamentului Vechi şi Nou pentru clasa a II-a a şcoalelor poporene, Vienna, 1865, 282 p. (Ed.a II-a, 1886, ed.a III-a, 1890)
• Micul Catechism carele cuprinde învăţătura creştinească despre dogmele Bisericii dreptcredincioase a Răsăritului pentru a III-a clasă a şcoalelor poporene, Vienna, 1865, 87 p. (Old ediţii 1877 şi 1890);
• Istoria sfântă a Testamentului Vechiu şi celui Nou cu aplicări din învăţătura religiei ... pentru a IV-a clasă a şcoalelor poporene, Vienna, 1865, 281 p. (Ed. A II -a, Viena, 1890),
• Epistoliia şi Evangheliile de toate duminicile şi sărbătorile de peste an ... pentru clasa III-a şcoalelor poporene, Vienna, 1965. 166 pp.
• Liturgica care cuprinde scurta tâlcuire a râduielilor liturgice după tipicul Bisericii drept credincioase a Răsăritului, Cernăuţi, 1860, 113 p.
• Cuvântări bisericeşti pe toate duminicile şi sărbătorile de peste an, Cernăuţi, 1860, 329 pp.
• Psaltichia bisericeasă aşezată în note muzicale, Vienna, 1879, 97 pp.
• Tipiconul Bisericii Ortodoxe orientale pentru rânduielile liturgice în toate zilele anului pascal bisericesc, Cernăuţi, 1883, XI + 214 + VII p.
• Apology of the Orthodox Greco-Oriental Church of Bucovina, Cernăuţi, 1883 and 1890

literature

• Constantin von Wurzbach : Andriewicz, Samuel . In: Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Oesterreich . 22nd part. Imperial-Royal Court and State Printing Office, Vienna 1870, p. 464 ( digital copy ).
• Constantin Morariu: Cultural-historical and ethnographic sketches about the Romanians of the Bukowina, Resicza, Vienna 1888-1891
• IG Sbiera, Enciclopedia Română, (1899), Vol. I, p. 331 f.
• Ion Nistor: Istoria Bucovinei, Ed. Humanitas, Bucharest, 1991, p. 128, p. 260, in Romanian
• Mihai-Ştefan Ceauşu: The historical development of the Romanian political parties in Bukovina and their most important representatives in the Reichsrat and Landtag (1861–1914) Institute for History “AD Xenopol” of the Romanian Academy, Bucharest 2011

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Archived copy ( Memento of the original dated May 31, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 
2. ↑ Mircea Păcurariu:  Morariu-Andrievici, Silvestru. In: Austrian Biographical Lexicon 1815–1950 (ÖBL). Volume 6, Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Vienna 1975, ISBN 3-7001-0128-7 , p. 367 f. (Direct links on p. 367 , p. 368 ).
3. ↑ Mihai-Ştefan Ceauşu in: The historical development of the Romanian political parties in Bukovina and their most important representatives in the Reichsrat and Landtag (1861-1914), Bucharest 2011, p. 99 ff.
4. ↑ Constantin Morariu: Cultural-historical and ethnographic sketches about the Romanians of the Bukowina, Resicza, Vienna 1888 - 1891, p. 244
5. ^ Ion Nistor: Istoria Bucovinei, Ed. Humanitas, Bucharest, 1991, pp. 258 ff., In Romanian
6. ↑ Willibald Plöchl: "The Viennese Orthodox Greeks" (Vienna, 1983), p. 95
7. ^ E. Beck:  Morariu-Andrievici, Constantin. In: Austrian Biographical Lexicon 1815–1950 (ÖBL). Volume 6, Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Vienna 1975, ISBN 3-7001-0128-7 , p. 367.
8. ↑ E. Beck:  Morariu, Victor. In: Austrian Biographical Lexicon 1815–1950 (ÖBL). Volume 6, Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Vienna 1975, ISBN 3-7001-0128-7 , p. 367.
9. ↑ http://biserica.org/WhosWho/DTR/M/AndrieviciSilvestruMorariu.html