Synagogue (Wanne-Eickel)

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Memorial plaque on Langekampstrasse

The synagogue Wanne-Eickel was the 1909-1910 Built in 1938 destroyed the synagogue of the Jewish community Wanne-Eickel . It was built on the property at Heinrichstraße 8 in the municipality of Wanne , which was given the address Langekampstraße 48 after the merger of Wanne and Eickel into the independent city of Wanne-Eickel in 1926 .

history

Until the formation of the synagogue community Wanne-Eickel - which also included the Jews from Holsterhausen and Röhlinghausen - on October 1, 1907, the district was also looked after by the Bochum synagogue community. Before 1898, however, there was already a prayer room in the house at Bahnhofstrasse 5, after which a prayer room in the house at Gelsenkircher Strasse 6 could be used. (Both buildings no longer exist.) The unification of the Jews from Wanne and Eickel - and their separation from Bochum - ultimately triggered the construction of a separate synagogue. On 21 June 1909, the architect Wanner presented George E. Gobrecht the planning application for the two-story , in brick - masonry buildings performed. One year later, the Bochum rabbi Moritz David was able to inaugurate the synagogue.

The synagogue was destroyed by arson during the November pogrom of November 10, 1938, except for the outer walls. Since, in the opinion of the local authorities, the ruin represented a danger to passers-by, it was demolished in May 1939 by the construction company Ferdinand Dick .

Memorial plaque in Wanne-Süd at the sports park (2013)
Memorial plaque on Langekampstraße with the enclosure of the former synagogue site (2014)

In 1951, the Jewish Trust Corporation, the legal successor of the synagogue community, sold the property to the Heitkamp construction company, whose headquarters were on the property to the north.

In 1971, the former head of the synagogue community, Julius Leeser, suggested the erection of a memorial or the installation of a commemorative plaque at the site of the synagogue, which was prevented by the refusal of the construction company Heitkamp as the property owner. It was not until 1976 that a memorial stone was erected, but in a green area several hundred meters away. After the bankruptcy of Heitkamp in 2012 - also with a view to the 75th anniversary of the violent destruction of the synagogue in 2013 - renewed efforts began to move the memorial plaque from its previous location, the Sportpark Wanne-Süd , to Langekampstrasse relocated, which ultimately led to success in November 2013.

A Jewish school existed in Wanne-Eickel from 1899 to 1924 and again from 1929 to 1938.

architecture

Enclosure of the former synagogue site (2013)

In addition to the prayer room on the upper floor, the synagogue designed by Gobrecht in 1909 also included the apartment of the teacher of the Jewish school on the ground floor. The arched facade concealed this two-storey structure. The entrance side facing Langekampstrasse was emphasized by a stepped gable ; were used for the lighter bricks. On the north and south sides of the building - probably to illuminate the prayer room - three dormer windows were placed on each . The slender roof turret was closed at the top with a curved hood , over which a Star of David rose. The prayer room on the upper floor offered space for 180 believers. Next to it was the cloakroom for the women, that of the men was next to the teacher's living quarters. There was no separate gallery for the women. The synagogue was separated from the street by a garden. In 1930 structural defects were found in the western part of the teacher's apartment due to mountain damage caused by the neighboring Shamrock colliery .

See also

literature

  • Elfi Pracht-Jörns : Jewish cultural heritage in North Rhine-Westphalia. Part V: Arnsberg district. (= Contributions to the architectural and art monuments of Westphalia , Volume 1.3.) JP Bachem Verlag , Cologne 2005, ISBN 3-7616-1449-7 , pp. 188–193 and illustrations 129–133.

Web links

Commons : Synagoge (Herne-Wanne)  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ The Wanner Heinrichstrasse was then "included" in the Eickeler Langekampstrasse, which adjoins it to the south. In the northeast of Wanne there was then another Heinrichstrasse, today's Corneliusstrasse.
  2. ↑ a b c d e Elfi Pracht-Jörns: Jewish cultural heritage in North Rhine-Westphalia. Part V: Arnsberg district. (= Contributions to the architectural and art monuments of Westphalia , Volume 1.3.) JP Bachem Verlag, Cologne 2005, ISBN 3-7616-1449-7 .
  3. ↑ a b City wants to move Jewish memorial. In: Westdeutsche Allgemeine Zeitung of March 24, 2013, accessed on April 7, 2013.
  4. ↑ Construction company Heitkamp is dismantled. In: EWestdeutsche Allgemeine Zeitung of February 24, 2012, accessed on April 8, 2013.
  5. ↑ Memorial stone of the synagogue. Retrieved on April 7, 2013 at wanne-eickel-historie.de .
  6. ↑ Ralf Piorr (Ed.): Herne and Wanne-Eickel 1933–1945. A historical city guide. adhoc Verlag, Herne 2013, ISBN 978-3-9814087-2-0 , p. 140.

Coordinates: 51 ° 31 '37.2 "  N , 7 ° 9' 54.8"  E