Synagogue (Bad Bergzabern)
| synagogue | ||
|---|---|---|
| place | Bad Bergzabern | |
| Architectural style | Portal, rose window, arched window | |
| Construction year | 18th century | |
| demolition | 1938 | |
| Coordinates | 49 ° 6 '1.5 " N , 7 ° 59' 48.1" E | |
|
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The synagogue in Bad Bergzabern was set up in the Neugasse in 1848/49, in an 18th century hospice of the Capuchin order . The synagogue was devastated during the November pogroms in 1938 and torn down a few days later.
synagogue
It can be assumed that there was a prayer room as early as the 17th century. A first synagogue is mentioned in 1841. A building acquired in 1839 was to be converted into a new synagogue after the old synagogue had become too small. This plan was then rejected again. In 1848 the Jewish community acquired a former hospice of the Capuchin order from the 18th century. This was converted into the new synagogue. The inauguration took place in 1850. The entrance portal was on the west side. To the right and left of the portal there were two large arched windows and two small arched windows above each. Above the portal there was a rose window with a glass window. There were five large arched windows in each of the side walls. The synagogue had a women's gallery with 70 seats and 120 seats for men on the ground floor. The building was renovated and repaired several times during its use. The interior of the synagogue and parts of the roof were destroyed in the November pogroms in 1938. Archives, rituals and the library were confiscated by the SA . A few days later the synagogue was demolished by members of the SA and the RAD . In 1978 a plaque was placed in the ground near the former synagogue site. The inscription reads:
The synagogue of the Jewish community stood here from 1848
until Kristallnacht
(November 9-10, 1938)
Bad Bergzabern Jewish community
The first Jews settled in Bergzabern as early as the 14th century, according to a pledge from 1344. Presumably these victims of the plague pogroms . In the 17th century Jews settled in Bergzabern again. These had been provided with letters of protection by Duke Johann II von Pfalz-Zweibrücken . Until 1880 the number of Jewish residents continued to increase. In the years that followed, the number of members of the Jewish community decreased more and more due to the onset of emigration. Until 1915 the community had a Jewish elementary school and a mikveh . A religion teacher was employed who also took on the duties of prayer leader and shochet . The deceased were buried in the Jewish cemetery in Annweiler in the 17th century and, from the 18th century, in the Jewish cemetery in Ingenheim and in the Jewish cemetery in Busenberg . From 1933, after the seizure of power of Adolf Hitler , the Jewish inhabitants were increasingly disenfranchised. In addition, there were repeated anti-Jewish actions. As a result, many Jewish families left Bergzabern. The last Jews living in Bergzabern were deported to the Gurs internment camp at the end of 1940 .
literature
- Cilli Kasper-Holtkatte: Jews on the move. On the social history of a minority in the Saar-Mosel area around 1800. In: Helmut Castritius (Ed.), Alfred Haverkamp (Ed.), Franz Irsigler (Ed.), Stefi Jersch-Wenzel (Ed.): Research on the history of the Jews (= Research on the history of the Jews. Volume 3). Hahnsche Buchhandlung Verlag, Hanover 1996, ISBN 978-3775256124 . ( online )
- Günther Volz: Jewish life in the city of Bergzabern from the 14th to the 20th century. In: Publications of the historical association Bad Bergzabern . Historical Association of the Palatinate, Bad Bergzabern 2013.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Bad Bergzabern . alemannia-judaica.de. Retrieved April 10, 2020.
- ↑ a b Bad Bergzabern / Weinstrasse . jewische-gemeinden.de. Retrieved April 10, 2020.
- ^ Alfred Haverkamp (ed.), Jörg R. Müller (ed.): Sources on the history of the Jews in Alsace (1273-1347) EL01, No. 278 . University of Trier. Retrieved April 10, 2020.
