Türkiye İhtilalci Komünistler Birliği

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Türkiye İhtilalci Komünistler Birliği
Union of Communist Revolutionaries of Turkey
founding February 1979
Alignment Marxist-Leninist
International connections International Coordination of Revolutionary Parties and Organizations (ICOR)
Website http://tikb.li/

The Türkiye İhtilalci Komünistler Birliği ( Turkish for Union of Communist Revolutionaries of Turkey , TİKB) is a Marxist-Leninist organization in Turkey .

Origin and direction

The founders, also known as Aktancılar , which refers to Aktan İnce, one of the leaders in the 1970s, was involved in the 1975 reorganization of THKO . In the beginning they were with a group around the magazine Halkın Kurtuluşu , which later became the TDKP , until Aktan İnce and his group split in 1977 and published a magazine called Devrimci Proletarya (Revolutionary Proletariat). At a "gathering of progressive militants" (tr: İlerici Militanlar Toplantısı ) in February 1979 the group took the name TİKB. Then the magazine İhtilalci Komünist (Revolutionary Communist) was published to train the militants and the magazine Orak-Çekiç (Hammer-Sickle) was published for a central tactic . Both magazines were illegal. In April 1980 the organization held its first conference in Istanbul. Like many other organizations, the TIKB was hit by waves of arrests following the 1980 coup . It was not until 1987/88 that the organization was rebuilt and activities in Turkey and abroad were resumed.

In July 1991 the 2nd conference took place, at which Kenan Güngör, Selim Açan and Yaşar Ayaşlı were elected to the Central Committee. The 3rd conference was held in 1993 and the 4th conference in January 2010, which again resulted in splits. One of the splits manifested itself in 1995 in the establishment of a group with the addition B for Bolsheviks (TİKB-B). It formed around the magazine Proleter Devrimci Duruş (Proletarian Revolutionary Attitude). In September 2012 the 1st TİKB Congress took place. The protests around Gezi Park in 2013 are viewed by the TİKB as a rebirth. Ethem Sarısülük , who was killed in a protest in Ankara in June 2013 , is described as a militant of the TİKB.

TİKB describes Turkey's economy as “semi- colonial and semi- capitalist ” and sees it under the hegemony of American imperialism . She classified the former Soviet Union as social-fascist . Your model of socialism follows the Albanian example . The TİKB sees it as necessary to overthrow the supremacy of the bourgeoisie with a revolution based on violence in order to establish the dictatorship of the proletariat .

activities

Before the 1980 coup, the TİKB was involved in violent clashes with other organizations. Supporters of TİKB and Halkın Kurtuluşu were also killed. In retrospect, this form of violence was classified as a mistake. Under the name " Vergesellschaftung " (tr: kamulaştırma ) jewelers, foreign exchange offices and banks were attacked. The targets also included security forces and political parties, primarily the MHP, which was classified as fascist .

A 1996 report by Amnesty International identified the TIKB as one of the armed opposition groups responsible for human rights violations. TİKB was also active in the events in Gazi in 1995. Two members were killed. The TİKB is also active abroad, especially in Germany. A first conference was held in Germany in January 2001.

Prosecution

After the 1980 coup, some members died under torture and others were shot while trying to evade arrest. More people were arrested and sentenced to long prison terms. The organization praises itself for not having withdrawn from Turkey after the coup and for having most of the militants in their ranks who did not confess under torture; of 8 arrested members of the Central Committee, only one member made a testimony and 90% of the militants reportedly refused to testify to the police. In a special information from October 1982, the alternative Turkish Aid lists several proceedings before the military courts in Istanbul and Ankara in which 113 people were accused of being members of the TİKB. The death penalty was requested against 22 of them. Another documentation from June 1986 shows that the death penalty was imposed six times in the proceedings against 186 alleged members of the TİKB.

After that, there have been repeated proceedings against members of the TİKB, for example:

  • April 4, 1998: The State Security Court (SSG) 1 in Istanbul sentenced 5 defendants in a trial. a. about two murders in the name of the TİKB, three of them to death (Adem Kepeneklioğlu, Turan Tarakçı and Mehmet Hakan Canpolat). One defendant was sentenced to 12.5 years in prison and one defendant was acquitted.
  • July 20, 2001: In a trial in Istanbul with 21 defendants. a. about the murder of a police officer in Istanbul in January 2001, the public prosecutor applied for the death penalty against three of the accused (Erdinç Yücel, Erkan Altun and Yüksel Okuyucu).
  • September 2008: In a trial in Istanbul against 22 defendants, who on behalf of TİKB u. a. allegedly responsible for the murder of three people, three were sentenced to aggravated life imprisonment and two to life imprisonment. The murder victims were Emrah Sarıtaş and Ergin Topal (murdered August 2, 1995) and Deniz Birinci (murdered June 23, 1998). Gürbüz Aydemir, Ulaş Dil and Yüksel Yiğitdoğan were sentenced to more difficult life imprisonment. In March 2010 the ECHR ruled that the proceedings against Yüksel Yiğitdoğan had not complied with the principles set out in the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR).

Members of the TİKB imprisoned have repeatedly taken part in hunger strikes by political prisoners in Turkey . Some of them lost their lives in what is known as the death fast (tr: olüm orucu ). Haydar Başbağ and M. Fatih Öktülmüş died during the hunger strike in Metris military prison in 1984. During the hunger strike in the summer of 1996, the militant prisoners of the organization Tahsin Yılmaz, Hicabi Küçük and Osman Akgün lost their lives. After the storming of 20 prisons on December 19, 2000, in which 30 prisoners and two soldiers lost their lives, prisoners of the TİKB also joined the previously started death fast. Tuncay Günel, Ali Çamyar, Lale Çolak and Okan Külekçi, who were accused of being members of the TİKB, died.

Publications

In the late 1970s, TIKB published a legal journal called Devrimci Proleterya . After her reactivation in the second half of the 1980s, she also published the legal magazine Alınteri and the illegal magazine Orak-Cekiç . There have been many proceedings against Alınteri magazine in which the chief editors-in-chief were sentenced to fines or imprisonment. Cases have also emerged of readers of the legal magazine being treated like members of the illegal organization TİKB.

The book Adressiz Sorgular (interrogations without an address), which was written by a leading member of the TİKB, Yaşar Ayaşlı, was first published by Yurt Verlag in June 1989. In it, the author primarily describes how he suffered torture after his arrest in the year 1985 resisted. The book was confiscated and the author and publisher Ünsal Öztürk were charged with communism propaganda, ridiculing the security forces and praising a crime, but were acquitted in March 1990. Yaşar Ayaşlı was later accused by his former friends of pursuing personal goals and harming the organization with the sometimes incorrect information in the book. Finally, a collective of authors under the name of Osman Yaşar Yoldaşçan, who was killed in Istanbul at the end of September 1980 when he resisted arrest using his firearm, brought out a new version of the book. In 2006 a film with the same title was made but was banned in Turkey.

On November 3, 2010, Nevin Berktaş was arrested in Istanbul to serve a 10-month sentence in connection with her book Hücreler (Cells). The book was published by Yediveren in 2000. In it, the author reports on her experiences in Adana prison , where she was indicted in the military court after the 1980 coup on charges of belonging to the TİKB-B and sentenced to more than 18 years in prison. After the ECHR ruled in February 2011 that Nevin Berktaş's sentence for “propaganda for a terrorist organization” was a violation of freedom of expression, she was released. The ECHR wrote in its judgment u. a .:

“The book contains articles that mainly reflect the personal experiences of the authors and of people who were convicted of belonging to the TIKB (Bolsheviks). It gives the impression of massive criticism of the Turkish penal system ... It may be that some of the views (opinions) expressed in the book are controversial and correlate with the TIKB (Bolschwisten) ... However, the court sees in spite of that hostile tone of some passages this as an expression of deep suffering in the face of tragic events in the prisons instead of as a call to violence. "

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e See an excerpt from the work “Turkey-Turquie” by Swiss Refugee Aid (SFH), Bern, April 1997; Retrieved September 4, 2014.
  2. ↑ a b c The information can be found on a page on the TIKB ( memento of September 7, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) at terororgutleri.com; Retrieved September 4, 2014.
  3. ↑ a b c d e Compare the self-portrayal TİKB KISA TARİHİ… ( Memento from September 7, 2014 in the Internet Archive ); Retrieved September 4, 2014.
  4. ↑ See the article TİKB Amaç ve Stratejisi ( Memento of the original from September 7, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. at terororgutleri.com and an interview from September 2010 “The Left has made serious mistakes.” ; each accessed on September 4, 2014. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.terororgutleri.com
  5. ↑ See the page Halkın Kurtuluşu Devrimci Proletarya Çatışması ; Retrieved September 4, 2014.
  6. ↑ See the report  ( page no longer available , search in web archives ), No security without human rights , (AI Index: EUR / 44/84/96)@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www.amnesty.org
  7. ↑ See the special information as a PDF file and the documentation mass trials and executions and death sentences until 1996 ; accessed on September 6, 2014.
  8. ↑ Compare the message in Sabah Sol örgüt davasında 3 idam cezası verildi ; accessed on September 6, 2014.
  9. ↑ See the report at ntvmsnbc 21 TİKB'li hakim önündeydi ; accessed on September 6, 2014.
  10. ↑ See the message at ntvmsnbc TİKB davasında 5 kişiye müebbet hapis ; accessed on September 6, 2014.
  11. ↑ The judgment is in French under AFFAIRE YİĞİTDOĞAN c. To find TURQUIE .
  12. ↑ See the annual reports of the TIHV Annual Report for 2001 and Annual Report for 2002
  13. ↑ See annual reports of the TIHV in English or Turkish, for example the 1999 annual report or the 2002 annual report (both in English) or the weekly report 05/2007 of the Turkish Democratic Forum; each accessed on September 6, 2014.
  14. ↑ Compare a report from March 2011 reproduced by Info-Türk, No. 391; accessed on September 6, 2014.
  15. ↑ A complete reproduction of the work is available on the Internet as a PDF file ( Memento from September 7, 2014 in the Internet Archive ). On the internal disputes, indymedia published a series of articles with Part 1 ( Memento from September 7, 2014 in the Internet Archive ), Part 2 ( Memento from September 7, 2014 in the Internet Archive ), Part 3 ( Memento from September 7, 2014 in Internet Archive ), Part 4 ( Memento from September 7, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) and Part 5 ( Memento from September 7, 2014 in the Internet Archive )
  16. ↑ The book with the same title Adressiz Sorgular was published by Şubat Verlag in 2014, ISBN 978-6-05634-875-4 .
  17. ↑ See message in Radikal from April 1, 2012 Sinemada Kürt sansürü ; accessed on September 6, 2014.
  18. ↑ The judgment can be found on the website of the ECHR .
  19. ↑ The translation of extracts and a background to the case is violated at the Turkish Democratic Forum under freedom of expression: author Nevin Berktaş is found in custody ; accessed on September 6, 2014.

Web links