Türkiye Komünist Partisi / Marksist-Leninist
| Türkiye Komünist Partisi / Marksist-Leninist (TKP / ML) Communist Party of Turkey / Marxist-Leninist |
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| founding | 1972 by İbrahim Kaypakkaya |
| Alignment | Marxism-Leninism , Maoism |
| Website | kaypakkayahaber.com |
The Türkiye Komünist Partisi / Marksist-Leninist (TKP / ML, Turkish for Communist Party of Turkey / Marxist-Leninist ) is a Marxist-Leninist - Maoist party that was founded in 1972 by İbrahim Kaypakkaya in Turkey .
It has also been represented in Germany since 1974 . The aim of the TKP / ML and its splinter groups is an armed revolutionary overthrow in Turkey and the creation of a democratic people's state under the leadership of the proletariat .
It has been listed as a terrorist organization by the Republic of Turkey since 2007.
history
The party has split several times since it was founded. It originally operated under the name of the Communist Party of Turkey / Marxist-Leninists (TKP / ML) (with hyphen). In 1994 the TKP / ML created two competing factions, Partizan and Maoist Communist Party (MKP, Maoist Komünist Partisi ) (until 2002: East Anatolian Regional Committee (DABK)), both of which pursue the same ideology. In order to implement their goals, both factions maintain armed guerrilla groups in Turkey, the TKP / ML the Workers and Peasants Liberation Army of Turkey ( Türkiye İşçi Köylü Kurtuluş Ordusu , TIKKO) and the MKP the People's Liberation Army ( Halk Kurtuluş Ordusu , HKO) .
In addition, there is currently still the small Communist Party of Turkey / Marxists Leninists (Maoist Party Headquarters) ( Türkiye Komünist Partisi / Marksist-Leninist (Maoist Parti Merkezi) ), which was formed in 1987 as a spin-off from TKP / ML and belongs to the Revolutionary Internationalist Movement .
The German groupings of the TKP / ML are observed by the protection of the constitution . He estimates the number of supporters of both groups in Germany at a total of 1,300 (as of 2016). According to the Office for the Protection of the Constitution, various Maoist groups from Turkey had front organizations in Germany, which mainly served to collect donations. For example, the TKP / ML (Partizan) is assigned to ATIK , while the ADHK (Confederation for Democratic Rights in Europe) is an extended arm of the MKP. The German federal government assesses TKP / ML as a left-wing extremist terrorist organization.
Relations with the PKK and others
According to the Turkish media, the militant wing of the TKP / ML "Turkish Workers' and Peasants' Liberation Army" (Tikko) and the militant Workers' Party of Kurdistan (PKK) have committed several attacks since 2007. Among other things, she runs a military training camp in Iraq together with the militant PKK .
According to self-information from TKP / ML, since March 2016 it has been maintaining an association with the militant PKK and eight other left-wing extremist groups to form the "United People's Revolutionary Movement" in order to take armed action against the AKP government of the Republic of Turkey.
Operation area and inflow
The main geographical area of operation of TKP / ML is in the eastern Anatolian province of Tunceli , which the region is mostly populated by the religious minority of the Alevis , specifically Eastern Alevis .
The TKP / ML has a particular interest for its organization of young people from Alevi and Kurdish residential areas in the Turkish cities of Ankara and Istanbul .
literature
- State Office for the Protection of the Constitution Baden-Württemberg (Ed.): Constitutional report. Baden-Württemberg . Stuttgart / Renningen March 2018, 4.2 "Communist Party of Turkey / Marxist-Leninists" (TKP / ML), p. 115–117 (348 pp., Verfassungsschutz-bw.de [PDF; 4.7 MB ]).
- Sean Patrick Smyth: Relations between the PKK and ASALA . Ed .: AVİM - Center for Eurasian Studies (= AVİM Commentary . No: 2017/42 ). May 29, 2017 (English, avim.org.tr / avim.org.tr [accessed May 13, 2018]).
Web links
- kaypakkaya partizan
- Frank Nordhausen : TKP / ML - Communists close to the PKK In: Frankfurter Rundschau . January 13, 2017.
- “Communist Party of Turkey / Marxist-Leninists” (TKP / ML). State Office for the Protection of the Constitution of Baden-Württemberg (LfV), 2018.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e see Frank Nordhausen, TKP / ML - Communists close to the PKK (web link)
- ↑ BT-Drs. 18/7372 , answer to question 1
- ↑ Does Germany actually host PKK extremists? Handelsblatt .com, November 16, 2016.
- ↑ Mehmet Ali Öztoprak: Who are we? A summary of the seminar in Bochum. (No longer available online.) Alevitischer Kultur- und Cemhaus Bochum and surroundings according to e. V., archived from the original on June 5, 2016 .
- ↑ Alexej Moir: Culture Key: Turkey. Discover & understand other countries . Max Hueber Verlag, Munich 1999, ISBN 978-3-19-005296-7 , Those who do not answer the donkey call: Anatolische Aleviten, p. 105–108 ( limited preview in Google Book search).