Taijiang National Park
| Taijiang National Park 台 江 國家 公園 |
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| Location: | Tainan , Taiwan | ||
| Surface: | 393.10 km² | ||
| Founding: | October 15, 2009 | ||
| Visitors: | 689,000 (2016) | ||
| Address: | www.tjnp.gov.tw | ||
The Taijiang National Park ( 台 江 國家 公園 , Táijiāng Guójiā Gōngyuán ) is a national park in the Republic of China on Taiwan .
description
The Taijiang National Park is located on the southwest coast of the island of Taiwan and comprises part of the coastal landscape of the city of Tainan as well as a larger marine area that extends from the coast of Tainan to the Penghu Islands (Pescadores). The estuary of the rivers and streams Qigu ( 七 股 溪 ), Zengwen ( 曾文溪 ), Lu'ermen ( 鹿 耳 門 溪 ) and Yanshui ( 鹽水 溪 ) belong to the national park . The sea area encloses the shipping corridor that has been used for centuries by merchants and settlers who came from mainland China. Of the 393.10 km² total area of the national park, 49.05 km² are land (12.5%) and 344.05 km² are marine areas (87.5%). The land area is divided into three boroughs of Tainan: Annan 16.0393 km², Qigu 32.3534 km² and Jiangjun 0.6573 km². The national park is intended not only to serve as a nature reserve, but also as a cultural park that documents the history of the settlement of the south coast of Taiwan by Han Chinese migrants and the human remodeling of the coastal landscape over the centuries.
history
In contrast to other national parks in Taiwan, Taijiang National Park was not set up at the instigation of the central government, but was based on local initiatives. A key initiator was the former mayor of Tainan Hsu Tain-tsair ( DPP ). Hsu had already spoken out in favor of the establishment of a national park in 1994, when he was still a member of the Legislative Yuan . During his tenure as Mayor of Tainan (2001-2010), the central government approved NT $ 10 million in 2004 for the establishment of a national park. The name originally proposed for the national park to be established was Taijiang Black Water Canal National Park ( 黑 水溝 , Hēishuǐgōu - "Black Water Canal ", an old name for the Taiwan Strait ). The name was later changed to Taijiang National Park for marketing reasons . The name Tajiang refers to the large lagoon of the same name that used to exist in the coastal region of Tainan, which has largely silted up since the 19th century.
After years of negotiations, reports and research projects, the plan to establish the national park was approved on September 28, 2009 by the government under Prime Minister Wu Den-yih ( KMT ). Implementation of the plan began on October 15, 2009, and on December 12, 2009 the National Park's administrative center was officially inaugurated.
ecology
The national park includes several wetlands of international importance. According to scientific research, there are at least 200 species of shellfish , 240 species of fish and 49 species of crabs in the Zengwen and Lu'ermen estuaries . All 10 species of fiddler crabs found in Taiwan are also found in Taijiang National Park, including Uca formosensis , which is endemic to Taiwan . Of the 34 species of whales and dolphins that can be seen in the waters around Taiwan, 21 are also found in the marine area of the national park. In the area of the lagoons and numerous ponds, almost 200 species of birds can be found, including 21 protected species such as the black-headed spoonbill . About 75 percent of the birds observed in the park are migratory birds . The rare species include the stilt , the Kentish plover , the black- fronted spoonbill, the peregrine falcon , the avocet , the curlew , the whimbrel , the chess shrike , the brown shrike and the frog crawfish . The park is home to five reptile and five amphibian species. These are the Froschlurcharten Euphlyctis hexadactylus , Hylarana guentheri , Microhyla fissipes , Microhyla ornata , Fejervarya limnocharis , Chinese bullfrog and the black scars toad , as well as reptiles the lizard stejnegeri Takydromus , the Virgin gecko , the skink Plestiodon elegans and rarely Taiwan beauty rat snake , viper and Chinese Cobra (well atra ). 26 species of insects have been documented in the park, including fireflies and butterflies . The firefly Pyrocoelia analis , which used to be common here, has become rare due to human activities. The mammal fauna has been greatly altered by human intervention, so that only common species can be found today, including the musk shrew and the common bandican rat . Eight bat species are native here, including the endemic to Taiwan Mouse-eared Myotis secundus , Hodgson bat , Noctule , Java pipistrelle , Serotine and Small Asian House bat .
In the flora, 205 species from 55 families and 151 genera were counted in the area of the Sicao lagoon alone. Four types of mangroves grow there: Avicennia marina , Kandelia candel , Lumnitzera racemosa and Rhizophora stylosa . The vegetation consists partly of trees that were planted to protect the wind ( horsetail- leaved casuarines , linden-leaved marshmallow, etc.). Here grow on woody plants , among others Lantana , screw pines (including Pandanus odoratissimus ), Phyllanthus species, and other vascular plant Achyranthes aspera , passion flower ( Passiflora foetida ), and others near the coast can be found Psammophyten and halophytes , which are adapted to the sandy and salty soil such as sweet grasses , goat's foot morning glory , Scaevola taccada , Eulophia graminea , Myoporum bontioides , Scaevola hainanensis , Paspalum vaginatum , Excoecaria kawakamii , small fat leaf and losbrees .
Mangrove forest of Sicao ("Green Tunnel")
Aerial view of the Sicao lagoon
Mangrove roots ( Rhizophora stylosa ) in Sicao
Viewpoint at the Qigu lagoon
Goat's foot morning glory
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Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Taijiang National Park. Taiwan Tourism Authority (taiwan.net.tw), 2019, accessed September 14, 2019 .
- ↑ 各 國家 公園 基本 資料 表 (“Basic information table about the national parks”). October 5, 2009, Retrieved July 6, 2019 (Chinese (traditional), English).
- ↑ Why was Taijiang National Park established? National park website, December 3, 2013, accessed September 14, 2019 .
- ↑ The establishment of Taijiang National Park is the perfect combination of conservation and development. Construction and Planning Authority of the Ministry of the Interior (CPAMI), May 16, 2011, accessed on September 14, 2019 (English).
- ^ New national park established. Taiwan Today, July 1, 2009, accessed September 14, 2019 .
- ^ Building and Planning Authority of the Ministry of the Interior CPAMI (Ed.): CPAMI Annual Report 2009 . March 2010, ISSN 1019-9667 , Taijiang National Park, p. 50-51 (English, pdf ).
- ↑ About Taijiang> Introduction. National park website, 2013, accessed on September 14, 2019 .
- ^ Marine ecological resources. National park website, 2013, accessed on September 14, 2019 .
- ↑ a b Land ecological resources. National park website, 2013, accessed on September 14, 2019 .
- ↑ a b c 陸域 生物 資源 ("Terrestrial biological resources"). National park website, October 26, 2018, accessed September 14, 2019 (Chinese (traditional)).
- ↑ a b c Taijiang. Construction and Planning Authority of the Ministry of the Interior (CPAMI), October 27, 2009, accessed on September 17, 2019 (English).