Taphrinales

Taphrinales
A peach tree infested with Taphrina deformans
Systematics
Empire : Mushrooms (fungi) Sub-kingdom : Dikarya Department : Ascomycota mushrooms Subdivision : Taphrinomycotina Class : Taphrinomycetes Order : Taphrinales
Scientific name of the  class
Taphrinomycetes
OE Erikss. & Winka
Scientific name of the  order
Taphrinales
Gäum. & CW Dodge

The Taphrinales are an order of the sac fungi , the species of which are parasites on plants . It is an original order with a haploid yeast stage and a dikaryotic hyphae stage. As a result, they are also seen as a link to the original mushrooms ( Naked basidia-like - Exobasidiales). This is also supported by similarities in the nucleotide sequence of the 5s ribosomal RNA .

Features and ecology

The haploid meiospores are formed in so-called spore sacs, which are also called synasci in the Protomycetaceae, and are analogues of the asci . In the yeast stage (shoot mycelium) they are saprophobic , which means that they can be grown in pure culture, although they are obligately biotrophic organisms. Usually no vegetative mycelium is formed, not even asocarp . No tissue is formed between the asci . The dikaryotic mycelium infects the host and spreads in the host tissue. The dikaryotic cells develop directly into asci. These often form a palisade layer on the host. The asci are rounded or ellipsoidal and contain eight spores. These spores germinate and initially form a single-core, yeast-like stage through budding, which lives saprobion table on the plants. The plant is only attacked after two cells have fused to form the dikaryotic mycelium.

Systematics

The order includes two families and one genus with uncertain allocation. Not all authors include the Protomycetaceae, but relate the name Taphrinales solely to the Taphrinaceae with the only genus Taphrina .

• Protomycetaceae
  • Burenia
  • Protomyces
  • Protomycopsis
  • Taphridium
  • Volkartia

• Taphrinaceae
  • Taphrina
    • Taphrina deformans , causing curl disease
    • Taphrina betulina , see witch's broom
    • Taphrina pruni , see fool's disease
• incertae sedis
  • Saitoëlla

swell

literature

• Sina M. Adl, Alastair GB Simpson, Mark A. Farmer, Robert A. Andersen, O. Roger Anderson, John A. Barta, Samual S. Bowser, Guy Brugerolle, Robert A. Fensome, Suzanne Fredericq, Timothy Y. James, Sergei Karpov, Paul Kugrens, John Krug, Christopher E. Lane, Louise A. Lewis, Jean Lodge, Denis H. Lynn, David G. Mann, Richard M. McCourt, Leonel Mendoza, Øjvind Moestrup, Sharon E. Mozley-Standridge, Thomas A. Nerad, Carol A. Shearer, Alexey V. Smirnov, Frederick W. Spiegel, Max FJR Taylor: The New Higher Level Classification of Eukaryotes with Emphasis on the Taxonomy of Protists . In: The Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology . tape 52 , no. 5 , 2005, p. 440 , doi : 10.1111 / j.1550-7408.2005.00053.x .

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Herbert Weber: Dictionary of Microbiology . With English-German register. Gustav Fischer, 1999, ISBN 3-437-35040-4 .
2. ↑ Hans O. Schwantes: Biology of mushrooms . Introduction to applied mycology. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 1996, ISBN 3-8252-1871-6 , pp. 379 f .
3. ^ Outline of Ascomycota - 2006 . In: Ove Erik Eriksson (Ed.): Myconet . tape  12 , 2006, p. 1–82 ( online at: archive.fieldmuseum.org ).
4. ↑ Heinrich Dörfelt , Gottfried Jetschke (Ed.): Dictionary of Mycology. 2nd Edition. Spectrum Academic Publishing House, Heidelberg / Berlin 2001, ISBN 3-8274-0920-9 .

Web link

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