Telmessos
Telmessos (Lycian Telebehi ; Greek Τελμησσός , less often with Iotazism also Telmissos ) was an ancient city in Lycia , on the border with Caria . The place was on the site of today's Fethiye in Turkey.
Mycenaean jugs from the 14th / 13th centuries Century BC BC, which were found in Telmessos, but without the exact context of the find being known, document contacts of this area with the Mycenaean culture during the late Bronze Age . Penelope A. Mountjoy suspects that the city of Attarimma mentioned in Hittite sources , which was in the area of the Lukka countries , can be identified with Telmessos.
Since the 5th century BC According to archaeological and epigraphic finds, Telmessus was a Lycian dynasty residence. From about 420 BC. It came under the supremacy of Xanthos , around 360 under the Persian as part of the satrapy of Lycia. During the Hellenistic period Telmessos changed its affiliation several times until it became an autonomous polis around 80 BC. Joined the Lycian League . With the establishment of the province of Lycia et Pamphylia in AD 43, Telmessus formally became part of the Roman Empire . In late antiquity, the city, which was temporarily called Anastasioupolis , became the seat of a bishop who came in rank immediately after the Metropolitan of Myra . The titular bishopric Telmissus of the Roman Catholic Church goes back to the diocese .
Today, numerous rock tombs , the acropolis with fortifications from the Middle Ages and a theater can be seen.
Already in ancient times Telmessos was often confused with Telmissos in Caria , the seat of a well-known Apollo sanctuary.
literature
- Telmessos 2. In: Paulys Realencyclopadie der classischen Antiquity Science (RE). Volume VA, 1, Stuttgart 1934, Col. 410-415.
- George Ewart Bean : Telmessos (Fethiye, formerly Makri) Lycia, Turkey . In: Richard Stillwell et al. a. (Ed.): The Princeton Encyclopedia of Classical Sites. Princeton University Press, Princeton NJ 1976, ISBN 0-691-03542-3 .
- George Ewart Bean : Asia Minor. An art and travel guide to the classical sites . Volume 4. Lycia . 2nd Edition. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart 1986, ISBN 3-17-009506-4 , pp. 35-38.
- Hansgerd Hellenkemper , Friedrich Hild : Lykien and Pamphylien . Part 2, Vienna 2004, ISBN 3-7001-3280-8 ( Tabula Imperii Byzantini 8), pp. 704-709.
- Werner Tietz : Telmessos. In: The New Pauly (DNP). Volume 12/1, Metzler, Stuttgart 2002, ISBN 3-476-01482-7 , column 102.
Web links
- Description, pictures and plans of Telmessos in Lycia
- Pictures (english)
- Coins of Telmessos (English)
References and comments
- ↑ Jorrit M. Kelder: Mycenaeans in Western Anatolia. In: JP Stronk, MD de Weerd (Ed.): TALANTA. Proceedings of the Dutch Archeological and Historical Society XXXVI-XXXVII (2004-2005). 2006, p. 63
- ↑ Especially in the so-called Tawagalawa letter (KUB 14.3, CTH 181) from the 13th century BC. Chr.
- ^ Penelope A. Mountjoy: The East Aegean-West Anatolian Interface in the Late Bronze Age, Mycenaeans and the Kingdom of Ahhiyawa. Anatolian Studies 48, 1998, p. 58. John David Hawkins also suspected a localization of Attarimma near Telmessos / Fethiye (John David Hawkins: Tarkasnawa, King of Mira: 'Tarkondemos', Boğazköy sealings and Karabel. Anatolian Studies 48, 1998, p . 26), but in the meantime refrained from doing so (John David Hawkins: TAWAGALAWA. The Topography. In: Susanne Heinhold-Krahmer , Elisabeth Rieken (ed.): The "Tawagalawa Letter": Complaints about Piyamaradu. A new edition (= investigations on Assyriology and Near Eastern Archeology, Vol. 13). , De Gruyter, Berlin / Boston 2019, p. 347 (accessed via De Gruyter Online)).
Coordinates: 36 ° 37 ' N , 29 ° 7' E