Thomas Arnold (theologian)

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Thomas Arnold (1840)

Thomas Arnold (born June 13, 1795 in Cowes on the Isle of Wight , † June 12, 1842 in Oxford ) was an English theologian and educator who was responsible for church life and education in England in the first half of the 19th century took a central position.

Thomas was born the son of a customs officer on the Isle of Wight. He attended Winchester School and studied theology (ordained) and classical languages at Corpus Christi College , Oxford . In 1815 he became a Fellow of Oriel College , Oxford. After completing his studies, he first worked as a tutor for private students in Laleham from 1819 , then from 1828 as the principal of the Rugby School in Rugby , which he transformed into a model school for the English educational system. Excursions to the mainland nourished his sense of German literature, which he pursued as the editor and translator of Barthold Georg Niebuhr's Roman History (“History of Rome”, unfinished, 1846–49, 3 vols., And more often). He became one of the oldest and clearest representatives of the broad church party within the Anglican Church and a staunch opponent of Puseyism , which came closer to the ritual of the Catholic Church. In 1833 his book Principles of Church Reform was published .

In 1841 he took over the Regius Professorship of Modern History at Oxford University, but died unexpectedly of a heart attack on June 12, 1842. He is buried in the rugby school chapel.

Arnold and his educational principles with the ideal of the "Christian gentleman" (whereby the sport and community games should not be neglected) became internationally known a few years later through the book Tom Brown's School Years ( Tom Brown's Schooldays , 1857) by Thomas Hughes and its film adaptations in the 20th and 21st centuries.

Arnold was married to Mary Penrose, daughter of Pastor John Penrose in Penryn , Cornwall, and had three daughters and four sons, including the poet Matthew Arnold . Arnold is the great grandfather of Aldous and Julian Huxley . Arnold had a small country estate in the Lake District near Ambleside , where he often spent the summers.

Fonts

  • The Christian Duty of Granting the Claims of the Roman Catholics, (Pamphlet) Rugby, 1828.
  • Sermons Preached in the Chapel of Rugby School, London: Fellowes, 1850 (original 1832).
  • as translator: The History of the Peloponnesian War by Thucydides, 3 vols., London: Fellowes, 1845.
  • Principles of Church Reform, Oxford, Fellowes, 1833.
  • (partly as a translation by Niebuhr): History of Rome, London: Fellowes, 3 volumes, 1838–1843.
  • History of the later Roman Commonwealth, 1845
  • Sermons: Christian Life, its Hopes, Fears and Close, London: Fellowes, 1842.
  • Sermons: Christian Life, its Course, London, Fellowes, 1844.
  • The Interpretation of Scripture, London, Fellowes, 1845.
  • Introductory Lectures on Modern History, London: Longmans, Green & Co, 1842.

literature