Tubal

Tubal ( Hebrew תֻבָל, ancient Greek Θοβελ / Θωδελ ) is a son of Jafet ( Genesis 10.2 EU ), his brothers are Gomer , Magog , Madai , Jawan , Meschech and Tiras .

people

The people of the same name ( Gen 10.3 EU , Isa 66.19 EU and Ez 27.14 EU ) descended from Tubal and lived north of Israel. According to Ezekiel ( Ez 27.13 EU ), Jawan , Tubal and Meschech were dealers for Tire , "for human souls and bronze implements they gave your barter goods". Tubal is often mentioned together with Meschech ( Ez 32.26 EU ). After the fall of Egypt, Assyria and Elam , the prophet also sees "... Meschech-Tubal and all its splendor, Edom , all the princes of the north" ( Ez 32,30 EU ) descend into the grave. In the prophecy against Sidon the prophet is asked to prophesy about the “prince of Rosh, Meshech and Tubal” (Ez 38,2). In the prophecy against Gog ( Ez 39,1 EU ) this prince is mentioned by Rosh, Meschech and Tubal, he and his army find their end in Hamon Gog , and their bows serve as firewood. Isaiah mentions ( Isa 66,19 EU ) those "who draw the bow", mostly interpreted as Meschech according to Tubal and Jawan.

As early as 1897, Jastrow wanted to equate the tabal of the inscriptions from Chorsabad and the annals of Sargon with the biblical tubal. Most authors equate Tubal and the late Hittite / Luwian kingdom of Tabal in eastern Turkey without comment.

The medieval Spaniards traced their origins back to Tubal. The Iberians in Georgia also claimed Tubal as their ancestor.

literature

E. Dhorme : Les Peuples issus de Japhet d'après le chapitre X de la Genèse. In: Syria. Vol. 13, No. 1, 1932, ISSN 0039-7946 , pp. 28-49, online .

Individual evidence

^ E. Dhorme: Les Peuples issus de Japhet d'après le chapitre X de la Genèse. 1932, p. 38.
^ Morris Jastrow Jr .: Mešek and Tabal. In: The American Journal of Semitic Languages and Literatures. Vol. 13, No. 3, 1897, ISSN 1062-0516 , p. 217, JSTOR 527709 .
↑ so z. E.g. GA Wainwright: Asiatic Keftiu . In: American Journal of Archeology . Vol. 56, No. 4, 1952, pp. 196-212, here p. 203; ED Phillips: The Scythian Domination in Western Asia: Its Record in History, Scripture and Archeology. In: World Archeology. Vol. 4, No. 2 = Nomads, 1972, ISSN 0043-8243 , pp. 129-138, here p. 133; Michael C. Astour: Ezekiel's Prophecy of Gog and the Cuthean Legend of Naram-Sin. In: Journal of Biblical Literature. Vol. 95, No. 4, 1976, ISSN 0021-9231 , pp. 567-579, here p. 569; Maurits van Loon: The Place of Urartu in First-Millennium BC Trade. In: Iraq. Vol. 39, No. 2, 1977, ISSN 0021-0889 , pp. 229-231, here p. 230; Moshe Elat: The Iron Export from Uzal (Ezekiel XXVII 19). In: Vetus Testamentum. Vol. 33, No. 3, 1983, ISSN 0042-4935 , pp. 323-330, here p. 324; Etc.
^ Peter Hoppenbrouwers: Medieval Peoples Imagined (= Working Papers European Studies Amsterdam 3). Opleiding Europese Studies - Universiteit van Amsterdam, Amsterdam 2005, p. 13.

[1] E. Dhorme: Les Peuples issus de Japhet d'après le chapitre X de la Genèse. 1932, p. 38.

[2] Morris Jastrow Jr .: Mešek and Tabal. In: The American Journal of Semitic Languages and Literatures. Vol. 13, No. 3, 1897, ISSN 1062-0516 , p. 217, JSTOR 527709 .

[3] so z. E.g. GA Wainwright: Asiatic Keftiu . In: American Journal of Archeology . Vol. 56, No. 4, 1952, pp. 196-212, here p. 203; ED Phillips: The Scythian Domination in Western Asia: Its Record in History, Scripture and Archeology. In: World Archeology. Vol. 4, No. 2 = Nomads, 1972, ISSN 0043-8243 , pp. 129-138, here p. 133; Michael C. Astour: Ezekiel's Prophecy of Gog and the Cuthean Legend of Naram-Sin. In: Journal of Biblical Literature. Vol. 95, No. 4, 1976, ISSN 0021-9231 , pp. 567-579, here p. 569; Maurits van Loon: The Place of Urartu in First-Millennium BC Trade. In: Iraq. Vol. 39, No. 2, 1977, ISSN 0021-0889 , pp. 229-231, here p. 230; Moshe Elat: The Iron Export from Uzal (Ezekiel XXVII 19). In: Vetus Testamentum. Vol. 33, No. 3, 1983, ISSN 0042-4935 , pp. 323-330, here p. 324; Etc.

[4] Peter Hoppenbrouwers: Medieval Peoples Imagined (= Working Papers European Studies Amsterdam 3). Opleiding Europese Studies - Universiteit van Amsterdam, Amsterdam 2005, p. 13.