Tibor Klaniczay

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Tibor Klaniczay 1989 (photo)

Tibor Klaniczay (born July 5, 1923 in Budapest ; † May 14, 1992 ibid) was a Hungarian literary scholar who primarily dealt with the Renaissance era and the connections and comparisons between Hungarian and pan-European literature, and contacts with many western ones Scientists socialized.

Life

Tibor Klaniczay studied at the University of Budapest , completed his habilitation in 1954 with an extensive thesis on the Hungarian-Croatian Baroque poet and statesman Nikolaus Zrinski and became professor of Hungarian literature there in 1954/1955 . Shortly afterwards he began to set up an institute for literary history, which he headed after its founding as Institutum Litterarum Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae and belonged to it until his death.

Research focus on the Renaissance

Klaniczay presented fundamental interpretations of the European intellectual and literary history of the 14th to 17th centuries (Renaissance period) and emphasized their intensely interwoven development throughout Europe, especially against the background of the ideological rifts of his present. In his research, he was particularly interested in the survival of medieval ideas and the crisis of the Renaissance in its late period around 1600, which, according to Klaniczay , expressed itself in the literary and artistic style of Mannerism , which for him was always connected with the change in social structures. He wrote: “The Renaissance culture is by and large an expression of the economic and social rise of the cities and of the bourgeoisie at the end of the Middle Ages, as well as the birth of modern Europe ... Mannerism, on the other hand, is not an independent period because it appeals to a small class remained tied to society and nowhere went beyond the framework of the intellectual elite, the aristocracy of the spirit. "

International connections

As the largest merit Klaniczay is to certify international "to have befödert intellectual exchange despite adverse political circumstances", through the Iron Curtain of the Cold War across Western Europe, the USA and Canada, which as a "historic role" in the aperture the cultural isolation after the popular uprising in 1956 . Klaniczay was visible in the West through a large number of publications, appearances at congresses and visiting professorships in Paris, Venice and Rome.

One of Klaniczay's main concerns was to bring Hungarian literature and culture into the consciousness of the Western scientific community; It is largely thanks to him that a chair for Hungarian Studies was established at Indiana University and that in 1977 an International Association of Hungarian Studies was established. As a formative figure in the working group for Renaissance issues at the Hungarian Academy of Sciences , he ensured a close exchange with the Wolfenbüttel working group for Renaissance research , which held conferences every two years from 1983 onwards.

Major work and honors

Klaniczay, to whom an obituary attested "admirable energy, perseverance and organizational talent", also initiated a four-volume handbook that was supposed to present the Renaissance literature in a comparative and comprehensive manner, and won internationally renowned researchers for its collaboration. He was responsible for the fourth volume, which deals with Mannerism, but did not live to see the publication. The co-editors dedicated it to "a great master builder of Renaissance studies, Hungarian studies and comparative literature". When the first volume appeared in 1989, he received the Médaille d'or of the city of Tours ; He had already received an honorary doctorate from the university there with its Center de la Renaissance , which had been associated with the Klaniczay for decades .

Tibor Klaniczay received the Hungarian Kossuth Prize for his habilitation thesis in 1955 , became officer of the Palmes académiques in France and Knight of the Order of Merit of the Italian Republic ; in addition, he was a corresponding member of the Medieval Academy of America from 1974 and became a foreign member of the Polish Academy of Sciences . He served on the editorial boards of the Revue de littérature comparée and the Canadian Review of Comparative Literature .

Death and afterlife

In 1992 Klaniczay died after "long suffering". He survived three children, the professor of medieval studies Gábor (* 1950) as well as Júlia (* 1954) and Péter (* 1955).

In 1993, Aleksandar Flaker remembered that he had valued Klaniczay “his activity, his zest for life, also his organizational talents” and “also felt that he was a Renaissance person: with him one could discuss the most important questions of science, but also chat and joke in a friendly atmosphere. ”Since 2002, the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, together with the International Association of Hungarian Studies, has awarded the Tibor Klaniczay Prize annually for outstanding academic work on early Hungarian literature. On the twentieth anniversary of his death, a conference was held in his honor in Rome in 2012, which speaks for his enduring reputation in the academic world.

Works (selection)

  • Problems of the Hungarian Late Renaissance. Stoicism and mannerism. In: Johannes Irmscher (Ed.): Renaissance and Humanism in Central and Eastern Europe. Akademie-Verlag, Berlin 1963, Vol. 2, pp. 61-94.
  • (Ed. With M. Horányi) Italia ed Ungheria. Dieci secoli di rapporti letterari. Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest 1967.
  • Renaissance and Mannerism. On the relationship between social structure, poetics and style. Translated from the French. Akademie-Verlag, Berlin 1977 (Literature and Society series, edited by the Academy of Sciences of the GDR , Central Institute for the History of Literature).
  • (Ed. With Gyöngyi Török) Schallaburg '82. Matthias Corvinus and the Renaissance in Hungary. Exhibition catalog, Office of the Lower Austrian Provincial Government, Vienna 1982.
  • Changes in Mannerism and the Baroque conception. In: Acta Litteraria 26 (1984), pp. 117-128.
  • The political philosophy of mannerism. Paruta and Lipsius. In: August Buck , Tibor Klaniczay (ed.): The end of the Renaissance. European culture around 1600. Lectures. Harrassowitz, Wiesbaden 1987, ISBN 3-447-02687-1 , pp. 23-35.
  • (Ed. Posthumously with Eva Kushner, Paul Chavy) L'époque de la Renaissance (1400–1600). Vol. 4: Crises et essors nouveaux (1560-1610). John Benjamin, Amsterdam / Philadelphia 2000, ISBN 90-272-3446-9 .

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ A b Robert Weimann : Preliminary remark. In: Tibor Klaniczay: Renaissance and Mannerism. On the relationship between social structure, poetics and style. Akademie-Verlag, Berlin 1977, pp. 7–9, here p. 9.
  2. ↑ a b c d Aleksander Gieysztor, Paul Oskar Kristeller , Astrik L. Gabriel: Tibor Klaniczay (1923–1992). In: József Jankovics (ed.): Klaniczay Emlékkönyv. Tanulmányok Klaniczay Tibor emlékezetére. (PDF; 33.1 MB) Balassi Kiadó, Budapest 1994, pp. 7-9.
  3. ↑ a b c d August Buck : Obituary. Tibor Klaniczay (1923-1992). In: Wolfenbütteler Renaissance-Mitteilungen 16 (1992), p. 142.
  4. ^ Tibor Klaniczay: Literary Epoch. Social structure and style - methodological aspects. Translated from the French by Bernhard Wildenhahn. In: ders .: Renaissance and Mannerism. On the relationship between social structure, poetics and style. Akademie-Verlag, Berlin 1977, pp. 11–16, here p. 13 f.
  5. ↑ a b c Albert Tezla: Klaniczay Tibor (1923-1992). In memoriam. (PDF; 2.3 MB) In: Hungarian Studies 8 (1993), No. 2, pp. 167-169.
  6. ^ Company website .
  7. ^ Tibor Klaniczay, Eva Kushner, Paul Chavy (eds.): L'époque de la Renaissance (1400–1600). Vol. 4: Crises et essors nouveaux (1560-1610). John Benjamin, Amsterdam / Philadelphia 2000, ISBN 90-272-3446-9 .
  8. ↑ In the original: “Un bien modeste tribute à la mémoire d'un grand bâtisseur en matière d'études de la Renaissance, d'études hongroises, et de littérature comparée.” Eva Kushner: Avant-propos. In this. (Ed.): L'époque de la Renaissance (1400–1600). Vol. 4: Crises et essors nouveaux (1560-1610). John Benjamin, Amsterdam / Philadelphia 2000, ISBN 90-272-3446-9 , pp. Xi – xiii, here p. Xii.
  9. ^ Jacques Voisine: In Memoriam Tibor Klaniczay (1923-1992). In: Neohelicon 20 (1993), No. 1, pp. 357-361, here p. 358.
  10. ↑ Presentations in English on the websites of the Central European University in Budapest and paris-iea.fr ( memento of July 6, 2013 in the web archive archive.today ) in Paris.
  11. ↑ Klaniczay Tibor. 1923-1992. (PDF; 1.2 MB) In: József Jankovics (Ed.): Hungarológiai Értesítö 12 (1993), No. 1–2, pp. 7–12, here p. 8.
  12. ^ Tibor Klaniczay Prize .
  13. ↑ Meeting announcement of 8 May 2012 at the site of the called of Klaniczay launched the International Society for Hungarian studies Nemzetközi Magyarságtudományi Társaság .
personal data
SURNAME Klaniczay, Tibor
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Hungarian literary scholar
DATE OF BIRTH July 5, 1923
PLACE OF BIRTH Budapest
DATE OF DEATH May 14, 1992
Place of death Budapest