Ticodendron incognitum
| Ticodendron incognitum | ||||||||||||
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Ticodendron incognitum |
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| Systematics | ||||||||||||
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| Scientific name of the family | ||||||||||||
| Ticodendraceae | ||||||||||||
| Gomez-Laur. & LDGómez | ||||||||||||
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| Ticodendron | ||||||||||||
| Gomez-Laur. & LDGómez | ||||||||||||
| Scientific name of the species | ||||||||||||
| Ticodendron incognitum | ||||||||||||
| Gomez-Laur. & LDGómez |
Ticodendron incognitum is the only plant species of the only monotypical genus Ticodendron of the family Ticodendraceae within the order of the beech-like (Fagales). It is native to Central America.
Description and ecology
Appearance and leaves
Ticodendron incognitum is an evergreen tree that reaches heights of growth of 7 to 20 meters and breast height diameter (BHD) of 40 to 80 centimeters. The wood is yellowish.
The alternate leaves are arranged in a petiole and a leaf blade. The leaf stalk, grooved above, is 10 to 15 millimeters long. The simple, almost leathery leaf blade is elliptical-ovate with a length of 8 to 13 centimeters and a width of 4 to 8 centimeters. It is pinnate with 8 to 13 lateral nerves on each side of the main nerve. The leaf margin is double serrated. The underside of the leaf is initially hairy, later covered with simple trichomes to varying degrees . The top of the leaf is bare. The approximately 15 millimeter long stipules encircle the branch and fall off early, leaving behind a distinct leaf scar.
Inflorescences and flowers
Ticodendron incognitum is dioecious separate sexes ( diocial ) or polygamodiocic . The inflorescences are simple or compound, pendulous, 1.5 to 4 centimeters long catkins with bracts . One to three male flowers sit close together and form a composite catkin. Female flowers are solitary in simple catkins. The unisexual flowers are small and reduced. Bracts are rudimentary in female flowers ; they are absent in male flowers. In the male flowers there are eight to ten free, fertile stamens with 2 to 3 millimeter long stamens and with a length of about 2 mm elongated anthers. The female flowers each stand over three transient bracts . Two carpels an under constant ovary grown. The two, rarely three, free styles have long scars. The pollination is carried on the wind ( anemophily ).
fruit
The asymmetrical stone fruit with a length of about 7 centimeters and a diameter of about 4 centimeters is somewhat fleshy and contains a seed. The longitudinally furrowed endocarp is very hard.
Chromosome number
The number of chromosomes is 2n = 26.
Occurrence
The distribution is purely neotropical : from central Mexico via Guatemala , Costa Rica , Nicaragua , Honduras to southern Panama . Ticodendron incognitum thrives in the evergreen mountain rainforest up to the cloud forest level . It usually grows at altitudes between 900 and 2300 meters. This species occurs only in small stocks or as single specimens.
Trivial names in the home areas are "jaúl macho", "jaúl nazareno", "duraznillo" or "candelillo morado".
Systematics
The genus Ticodendron was founded in 1989 by Jorge Gómez Laurito and Luis Diego Gómez in Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden , 76 (4), pp. 1148-1151, f. 1-6 with the first description of the species Ticodendron incognitum . The Ticodendraceae family was first established in 1991 by Jorge Gómez Laurito and Luis Diego Gómez in Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden , 78, 1, p. 87. This species is most closely related to the Betulaceae .
Ticodendron is derived from Tico , which is a diminutive in Costa Rica and dendron is the Greek word for tree, which means “tree” would be translated directly.
In the Ticodendraceae Gómez-Laur family. & LDGómez there is only one monotypic genus:
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Ticodendron Gomez-Laur. & LDGómez with the only kind:
- Ticodendron incognitum Gómez-Laur. & LDGómez .
swell
- The family of Ticodendraceae in APWebsite. (Sections Description and Systematics)
- The Ticodendraceae family at DELTA. (Section description)
- Jorge Gómez Laurito, Luis Diego Gómez: Ticodendron: A new Tree from Central America. In: Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden , Volume 76, Issue 4, 1989, SS 1148-1151. (Section description, occurrence and systematics)
- Jorge Gómez Laurito, Luis Diego Gómez: Ticodendraceae: a new family of flowering plants , In: Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden , Volume 78, Issue 1, 1991, pp. 87-88.
- William Milliken: Neotropical Ticodendraceae In: Neotropikey . With some pictures.
Individual evidence
- ^ Ticodendron incognitum at Tropicos.org. In: IPCN Chromosome Reports . Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis
- ↑ First description scanned at biodiversitylibrary.org.
Web links
- Ticodendraceae in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland.
- Ticodendron incognitum in the endangered Red List species the IUCN 2014 Posted by: C. Nelson, 1998. Accessed January 15, 2015.