Tradition book

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From the Lorsch Codex
The tradition book of the Brixen monastery A (Cod. 139), fol. 1r, late 10th century

The traditional book is a type of copy book that is typical for religious institutions in southern Germany and Austria , i.e. a book with copies of documents . Tradition has the Latin original meaning "transfer (of possessions)", since tradere is the preferred dispositive verb.

Origin and description

In traditional books v. a. Monasteries from the 10th to the 13th centuries Donations and privileges. Each entry (so-called tradition note ) usually begins with an introductory publication formula ( Publicatio ) ( notum sit omnibus = everyone is known, etc.). This is followed by the actual transfer by donation ( traditio aut donatio ), mostly of land, but also from servants , and finally a list of witnesses for the legal transaction. The usually undated entries are partly in the form of a protocol, i. H. was noted in the book directly after the legal act, but to a large extent also retrospectively on the basis of short notes to the act ( notitia ).

In a time of predominantly written legal life, legal security is a central motive for creating books of tradition. The books also bear traces of practical use in day-to-day administration. Since the traditional books often begin with the foundation charter or a foundation history, they also seem to have served the memory of the donors and the self-assurance of the monastic community.

Well-known traditional books are the Lorsch Codex from Lorsch or the donation book from Weissenburg / Alsace , but also from smaller monasteries, such as Reichenbach in the Black Forest .

The traditional books have a particularly rich tradition in the Bavarian-Austrian region, where they were in use from the 11th to the 13th centuries. The traditional Bavarian books are systematically published by the Commission for Bavarian State History of the Bavarian Academy of Sciences.

expenditure

Non-Bavarian traditional books

Bavarian traditional books

  • The traditions of the Tegernsee Monastery 1003–1242, arr. v. Peter Acht (also Habil. Munich), Munich 1952 (sources and discussions on Bavarian history NF 9.1).
  • Cornelia Baumann: The traditions of the Reichenbach am Regen monastery (partly also dissertation Munich 1980/81), Munich 1991 (sources and discussions on Bavarian history NF 38.1).
  • Theodor Bitterauf: The Traditions of the Hochstift Freising , 2 Bde., Munich 1905–1908 (Sources and Discussions on Bavarian History NF 4 and 5).
  • The traditions, documents and records of the Neustift monastery near Freising, edit. v. Hermann-Joseph Busley, Munich 1961 (sources and discussions on Bavarian history NF 19).
  • The traditions of the Formbach monastery, edited v. Eva Chrambach, Munich 1983.
  • The traditions, documents and records of the St. Paul monastery in Regensburg, edit. v. Johann Geier, Munich 1986 (Sources and Discussions on Bavarian History NF 34).
  • Johann Geier: The traditions, documents and records of the Asbach monastery (plus dissertation Munich 1966/67), Munich 1969 (sources and discussions on Bavarian history NF 23).
  • Birgit Gilcher: The traditions of the Herrenchiemsee monastery . Preparatory work for an edition, unpublished. Mag.GHW Munich 2001.
  • Friedrich Helmer: The traditions of the Polling monastery (partly also dissertation Munich 1983), Munich 1993 (sources and discussions on Bavarian history NF 41.1).
  • Max Heuwieser : The Traditions of the Hochstift Passau (ND Aalen 1988), Munich 1930 (Sources and Discussions on Bavarian History NF 6).
  • The traditions of the collegiate monastery St. Kastulus in Moosburg, edit. v. Klaus Höflinger (also Diss. Munich 1987), Munich 1994 (sources and discussions on Bavarian history NF 42.1).
  • Heiner Hofmann: The traditions, documents and records of the Gars monastery (partly also dissertation Munich 1975/76), Munich 1983 (sources and discussions on Bavarian history NF 31).
  • Reinhard Höppl: The traditions of the Wessobrunn monastery (partly also dissertation Munich 1974), Munich 1984 (sources and discussions on Bavarian history NF 32.1).
  • Hardo-Paul Mai: The traditions, the documents and the oldest land fragments of the Rohr monastery 1133–1332 (also Diss. Munich 1961/62), Munich 1966 (sources and discussions on Bavarian history NF 21).
  • Cornelia Mohr: The Traditions of the Oberaltaich Monastery (partly also dissertation Munich 1970), Munich 1979 (sources and discussions on Bavarian history NF 30.1).
  • The traditions and the oldest land register of the St. Ulrich and Afra monastery in Augsburg, edited. v. Robert Müntefering, Munich 1986 (sources and discussions on Bavarian history NF 35).
  • The traditions and documents of the Diessen Abbey 1114–1362, edited. v. Waldemar Schlögl (Sources and Discussions on Bavarian History NF 22.1), Munich 1967.
  • Andrea Schwarz: The Traditions of the Checking Monastery (partly also dissertation Munich 1982), Munich 1991 (sources and discussions on Bavarian history NF 39.1).
  • Michael Stephan: The traditions of the Scheyern monastery. The documents and the oldest records of the Scheyern Monastery, Munich 1988 (Sources and discussions on Bavarian history NF 36.1 and 36.2).
  • The traditions, documents and records of the Münchsmünster monastery, edit. v. Matthias Thiel , Munich 1961 (sources and discussions on Bavarian history NF 20).
  • The traditions, documents and records of the Münchsmünster monastery, edit. v. Matthias Thiel u. Odilo Engels, Munich 1961 (sources and discussions on Bavarian history NF 20).
  • Bodo Uhl: The Traditions of the Weihenstephan Monastery (partly also dissertation Munich 1970), Munich 1972 (sources and discussions on Bavarian history NF 27.1).
  • The traditions of the Augustinian canons of Baumburg an der Alz, revised. v. Martin J. Walko, Munich 2004 (Sources and Discussions on Bavarian History NF 44.1).
  • Monika von Walter: The Traditions of the Benedictine Monastery Biburg, Munich 2004 (Sources and Discussions on Bavarian History NF 45.1).
  • Alois Weißthanner: The traditions of the Schäftlarn monastery 760–1305, Munich 1953 (sources and discussions on Bavarian history NF 10.1).
  • The traditions of the Hochstift Regensburg and the monastery S. Emmeram, edited. v. Josef Widemann, (ND Aalen 1969 and 1988), Munich 1943 (sources and discussions on Bavarian history NF 8).

literature

  • Josef Widemann: The traditions of the Bavarian monasteries. In: Journal for Bavarian State History 1, 1928, ISSN  0044-2364 , pp. 225-380.
  • Michael Borgolte : Donors' memory in Dießen Monastery. A contribution to the criticism of traditional Bavarian books, with a text appendix: The layout of the oldest Dießen necrologies. In: Early Medieval Studies. 24, 1990, ISSN  0071-9706 , pp. 235-289.
  • Heide Dienst : Traditional books. Edition problems, content analysis and IT use using the example of the Klosterneuburg traditions. In: Friedrich Hausmann (Ed.): Data networks for the historical sciences? Problems and possibilities with the standardization and transfer of machine-readable data. = Data networks for the historical disciplines? Reports from the International Workshop on Standardization and Exchange of Machine-Readable Data in Historical Science. Karl-Franzens-Univ. Graz, May 30 - June 1, 1986. Leykam, Graz 1987, ISBN 3-7011-0001-2 , pp. 51-62.
  • Dieter Hägermann : Traditional books . In: Lexicon of the Middle Ages. Volume 8. Darmstadt 2009, ISBN 3-534-22804-9 , Sp. 929f.
  • Peter Johanek : On the legal function of traditional notes, traditional books and earlier seal certificates. In: Peter Claasen (Hrsg.): Law and writing in the Middle Ages. Thorbecke, Sigmaringen 1977, ISBN 3-7995-6623-6 , ( Konstanz Working Group for Medieval History Lectures and Research 23), pp. 131–162.
  • Heinrich Koller : On the recognition of Bavarian traditional notes by the curia. In: Archivalische Zeitschrift 75, 1979, ISSN  0003-9497 , pp. 102-116.
  • Stephan Molitor: The traditional book. On the research history of a source type and an example from southwest Germany. In: Archiv für Diplomatik 36, 1990, ISSN  0066-6297 , pp. 61-92.
  • Oswald Redlich : About Baier tradition books and traditions. In: Mitteilungen des Institut für Österreichische Geschichtsforschung 5, 1884, ISSN  0073-8484 , pp. 1–82.
  • Christine Sauer: Fundatio and Memoria. Donors and monastery founders in the picture. 1100 to 1350. Vandenhoeck and Ruprecht, Göttingen 1993, ISBN 3-525-35646-3 , ( publications of the Max Planck Institute for History 109), (also: Munich, Univ., Diss., 1990: Stifterbild und Stiftungsrecht im German Middle Ages ).
  • Heinrich Wanderwitz: Traditional books of Bavarian monasteries and monasteries. In: Archives for Diplomatics. 24, 1978, ISSN  0066-6297 , pp. 359-380.