Cloth factory CS Elias

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Main building of the former cloth factory

The ensemble Ostrower Damm 1–3 cloth factory CS Elias in Cottbus ( Brandenburg ) with the factory buildings and two manufacturer's villas can be found on the east side of Ostrower Damm between Ostrower Steg and Inselstraße. The factory buildings are arranged between the villas with their gardens.

history

Carl Samuel Elias, whose father Johann Samuel Elias founded the drapery dynasty in 1800, had been running a factory since 1831, which he operated with a steam plant as early as 1869. In 1870, at the address Spremberger Vorstadt 31b, the first building permit was issued for a factory building for the installation of spinning, weaving and twisting machines, a machine and boiler house, and a coach house and warehouse on the west bank of the Inselgraben. In 1874, the company, which was expanded to include dyeing, spinning, fulling, finishing and 141 employees, was one of the three largest Cottbus cloth factories. Ernst Elias took over the company from his father in 1880 and had additional production buildings built in the following years as part of the expansion. The cloth factory existed until the 1930s.

From 1942 to 1945 the Focke-Wulf-Werke Bremen produced aircraft parts here. After the war, the factory was temporarily used again as a cloth production location - as VEB Wollwarenfabrik Werk 3. From the mid-1950s, a branch of the VEB equipment and regulator factory in Teltow was housed here.

At the beginning of the 1990s, the company headquarters of a division of ABB Automatisierungsanlagen Cottbus GmbH was repaired.

Villas and gardens

Villa Ostrower Damm 1

Villa Ostrower Damm 1 :
Villa Ostrower Damm 1 was built in 1874 as a house for the widow Klingmüller and was later taken over by CS Elias as the director's residence. In 1899 the interior and the facade were redesigned by the construction company Hermann Pabel & Co. In 1965 the villa was converted into a day nursery and the eastern Söller was increased. During the modernization in 1992/93, the street-side triangular gable was replaced by a modern round gable. In the course of this restoration, the interior was also seriously expanded and rebuilt. The villa is a two-storey plastered building with a gable roof. The ground floor is covered with plaster bands, the corners of the house are accentuated by grooved pilaster strips with masked consoles. The windows of different shapes are provided with varying frames. On the street facade there is a central projection with arched windows and an old extension , on whose corner posts of the bridge railing there are putti carrying fruit baskets. The upper floor windows of the risalit are lavishly decorated; the apex in each case with a strongly plastic cartridge, above blinding fields; between them masks and festoon decoration. Today the villa houses medical practices and offices.

The garden of the villa is bordered south by the factory buildings, west by Ostrower Damm, north and east by the Spree. It was designed as an ornamental garden in the immediate vicinity of the villa. This was followed to the east by an orchard and kitchen garden area, in which straight paths divided the trees into rows and the beds into rectangles. A promenade walked along the banks of the Spree led by rows of trees. Today a large part of the ornamental garden is paved with concrete and serves as a parking lot.

Villa Ostrower Damm 3

Villa Ostrower Damm 3 :
CS Elias had this villa built in 1885 on the south side of the factory courtyard. It is a two-storey building with a hipped terrace roof. The ground floor of the building is covered with plaster tape, the lintels there are decorated with ashlar. A cornice leads to the upper floor with richly decorated corner pilasters . Here the windows are highlighted by cornice or triangular roofing. The facade finish is a combination of serrated and console cornice, which is accompanied by profile and strip strips. On the west side of the building there is a flat central entrance project, the upper floor of which is closed off by high arched staircase windows with pilasters and ornamental fields. On the south side, an arbor with a large staircase is placed in front of a three-axis central projection. Here, too, the arched windows on the upper floor are neatly combined. The villa is now privately owned and has been partially renovated.

The garden of this villa was purely an ornamental garden and was located on the peninsula formed by the Inselgraben and Spree. Opposite the entrance was a circular bed with a round basin and a fountain in the middle. A circular path accompanied by trees led along the banks, with an opening between the trees on the southern side allowing a view of the Spree. The area between the circular path was provided with a multitude of curved paths. Today the garden is separated from the villa by a public path and a district heating pipe, but has most of its original tree population.

Factory building

Sketch with legend

Main building : The large four-storey building with an L-shaped floor plan was built around 1870 and its long side faces Ostrower Damm. Its facade structure is emphasized by cornice friezes that separate the floors, the cornices connecting the windows and an eaves cornice with multiple steps. On the courtyard side there is also a five-storey staircase porch, the crenellated eaves end of which is decorated with polygonal corner pillars in the Tudor Gothic style. The building now offers 1950 square meters of office space with a dining room and kitchen.

Boiler houses : On both sides of the dye works there are two former boiler houses, the appearance of which has been significantly changed. The brick chimney on the left boiler house has been preserved. The square lower section of the chimney is finished with a cornice. The eastern boiler house now serves as a garage.

Dyeing works : The two-story, six-axis dyeing works (built in 1885) was built directly above the Inselgraben, with the ground floor being higher than the upper floor. Today it serves as a warehouse and workshop with offices.

Production building : The four-storey production building was built in 1885 and adapted to the appearance of the older buildings with a similar cornice and window arrangement. Its facade is also enriched with corner pilasters . It has a staircase projection and a small annex, both of which are framed by pilaster strips and cranked by a stepped gable cornice. The building now serves as an office and warehouse building. The extension has been converted into a garage.

Wool laundry : The wool laundry was built in several construction phases (including 1899) and also has a facade structure with pilaster strips and cornices. Today it serves as an office and warehouse building and closes off the courtyard to the east.

Spinning mill : The spinning mill was completed in 1890. Four of the original six shed roofs were converted into gable roofs. Today it serves as a workshop and warehouse.

Decatur and tamping : Analog expansion of the spinning mill to accommodate a decatur and tamping, it was probably carried out before 1914. The expansion now also serves as a workshop and warehouse.

Remisen- and warehouse building : Gable Constantly listed for Ostrower dam three-storey sheds - and warehouse building. It was renovated in 1999 and is now used as an office building. The former stables on the east side of the building were converted into a garage.

meaning

For over seventy years, the CS Elias factory was one of the most important textile production facilities in Cottbus and is a testament to the extent to which this branch of industry has expanded since 1860 and has become one of the city's main economic factors. The monument ensemble is not only one of the largest, but also the only almost completely preserved Cottbus cloth factory of that time, from which the production processes at that time can be read. This makes it one of the examples of Cottbus industrial architecture from the early days that are worth preserving. In terms of architectural history, it is remarkable that the restrained execution of the buildings typical of the time has been preserved down to the last detail. With their contrast to the simple industrial buildings, the villas testify to the wealth and aspirations of their owners. The Villa Ostrower Damm 3 embodies the classic type of the neo-renaissance with its cubic basic shape loosened up by risalites and the architectural decoration. At Villa Ostrower Damm 1, the architect combined the historical repertoire of forms with elements influenced by Art Nouveau, such as plaster reliefs and masks. The villa gardens were typical examples of the artistic conception of the design that was prevalent in the Wilhelminian era. Today they form part of a series of green spaces along the Spree. This green path, which was laid out according to aesthetic and urban ecological aspects, was primarily promoted by the Beautification Association founded in 1872. With their design and the old trees, the gardens are of historical interest. The entire complex also architecturally dominates this part of the city. The atmosphere of Ostrower Damm and the river landscape, which can still be experienced today, is largely due to the relationship between the buildings and the green spaces in the gardens.

literature

  • Irmgard Ackermann, Marcus Cante, Antje Mues: Monuments in Brandenburg , Volume 2.1, City of Cottbus Part 1: Old Town, Mühleninsel, Neustadt and Ostrow, inner Spremberger suburb, " City Promenade ", western urban expansion, historical Brunschwig , Wernersche Verlagsgesellschaft, Worms am Rhein, 2001, ISBN 3-88462-176-9

Web links

Commons : Former CS Elias cloth factory  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Coordinates: 51 ° 45 ′ 17.7 "  N , 14 ° 20 ′ 28.4"  E

Individual evidence

  1. a b Historically valuable objects in Ostrow ( Memento of the original from December 11, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.esg-ostrow.de