Tylawa
| Tylawa | |||
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| Basic data | |||
| State : | Poland | ||
| Voivodeship : | Subcarpathian | ||
| Powiat : | Krosno | ||
| Gmina : | Dukla | ||
| Geographic location : | 49 ° 28 ' N , 21 ° 42' E | ||
| Residents : | 409 (2016) | ||
| Postal code : | 38-454 | ||
| Telephone code : | (+48) 13 | ||
| License plate : | RKR | ||
Tylawa ( lemkisch and Ukrainian Тилява) is a town with a mayor's office of the municipality of Dukla in Krosno County of Subcarpathian Province , Poland .
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geography
The place is on the brook Panna in the Lower Beskids , in the so-called Lemkenland . The neighboring towns are Trzciana in the north, Zawadka Rymanowska in the northeast, Daliowa in the east, Barwinek and Zyndranowa in the south, as well as Mszana and the abandoned villages Smereczne and Wilszna in the west.
history
The place is on an old trade route to Hungary over the Duklapass . It was probably founded by the Kobylański family under German law, but was only mentioned in a document in 1486 when it was pawned by Jakub von Dukla to Jakub von Międzygórze. The possessive name is probably derived from the German personal name Til . Before 1537 the privilege of building the Orthodox Church was granted.
The village in the Biecz district of the Kraków Voivodeship then belonged to different owners. During the first partition of Poland , Tylawa became part of the new Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria of the Habsburg Empire in 1772 (from 1804). In the 19th century it belonged with Barwinek to the Thonet family from Vienna , who ran a sawmill in Tylawa that they had greatly expanded. The majority Lemkish population (1880: 851 inhabitants, 802 Greek Catholics, 22 Roman Catholics, 1 Protestant, 26 Jews) also made over a million roof shingles per year, there were also many craftsmen. During the First and later in the Second World War, the village was largely destroyed by troops because it was near the strategically important Duklapass.
In 1918, after the end of the First World War and the collapse of the Austro-Hungarian monarchy, Tylawa came to Poland. In 1926 the village became the site of the first of numerous conversions in Lemkenland from Greek Catholic to Orthodox, known as the Tylawa Schism . The local Greek Catholic priest changed the traditionally used word prawosławnyj to prawowirnyj in one sentence in the liturgy in order to distance himself from the Russophile movement . The population held a protest rally on November 16 and decided to change their denomination. Other places took Tylawa as an example, and the schism later included around 40 Lemk villages with around 20,000 inhabitants (in 1939 around 15% of all Lemks). The old church remained Greek Catholic, although only used by individual residents. The Greek Catholic priest was almost killed by local women during a break-in in the rectory on August 4, 1927. The Orthodox population had to build their own Orthodox provisional church.
During the Second World War , the place belonged to the Krakow district in the Generalgouvernement . In autumn 1944, the local Lemk-Soviet partisans attacked the Germans on Mount Diurcz. In revenge for this, the occupiers shot 20 communists from the jail in Jasło . In 1945 a dozen of the Lemk families emigrated to the Soviet Union voluntarily . In 1947 the rest of the Lemken were expelled as part of the Vistula Action , only 31 people returned between 1956 and 1958.
From 1975 to 1998 Tylawa was part of the Krosno Voivodeship .
Web links
- Tylawa . In: Filip Sulimierski, Władysław Walewski (eds.): Słownik geograficzny Królestwa Polskiego i innych krajów słowiańskich . tape 12 : Szlurpkiszki – Warłynka . Walewskiego, Warsaw 1892, p. 698 (Polish, edu.pl ).
Individual evidence
- ↑ Wojciech Krukar, Tadeusz Andrzej Olszański, Paweł Luboński and other: Beskid Niski. Przewodnik dla prawdziwego turysty . Oficyna Wydawnicza "Rewasz", Pruszków 2008, ISBN 978-83-62460-24-3 , p. 393-394 (Polish).
- ↑ a b c d e f g Witold Grzesik, Tomasz Traczyk, Bartłomiej Wadas: Beskid Niski od Komańczy do Wysowej . Sklep Podróżniczy, Warszawa 2012, ISBN 978-83-7136-087-9 , p. 134-138 (Polish).