Ankara Metro
| Basic data | |
| Country |
 Turkey
|
|---|---|
| city | Ankara |
| opening | August 30, 1996 |
| Lines | 5 |
| Route length | 64.3 km |
| Stations | 52 |
| Tunnel stations | 38 |
| Long-distance train stations | 1 |
| use | |
| Shortest cycle | 5 minutes |
| Residents in the catchment area | 4.5 million (Ankara metropolitan area) |
| vehicles | Hawker Siddeley (M1), Ansaldo Breda (A), CSR Zhuzhou Electric Locomotive Co. (M2 / M3 / M4) |
| operator | EGO (Ankara City Council) |
| Power system | lateral power rail |
The Ankara Metro ( Turkish Ankara Metrosu , short Metro) is the underground railway system of the Turkish capital and has been in operation since 1996. The network, which has been under construction for several years, currently consists of the five lines M1, M2, M3, M4 and the Ankaray rapid transit system.
From 1997 to February 2014, the system consisted of the two lines M1 and Ankaray, which meet at Kızılay Square . The M3 line, which opened on February 14, is an extension of the M1 to the west of the city. In March 2014, the M2 line went into operation, which connects Kızılay Square with the southwestern suburb of Çayyolu. Finally, in spring 2017, the M4 line was opened, which connects the western center of the city with the northern suburb of Keçiören.
Development of Ankara into a 'subway city'
When the construction of an underground system was considered in the 1990s, the Turkish capital still had 2.5 million citizens. Until then, there was only one S-Bahn line operated by the state railway TCDD (see Banliyö Trenleri , now called Line B), which crossed the city in a west-east direction and connected the suburbs along the route with the main station. The inner-city public transport on the main routes was handled exclusively with city buses, the fine distribution within the city district with so-called Dolmuş - the minibuses that are typical in Turkey. In addition, car traffic increased by leaps and bounds, which visibly exacerbated the poor air quality and traffic chaos at the time.
In 1990 the city administration decided to build the first underground line. The line called Ankaray ( an acronym from Ankara and 'ray', the Turkish word for rail) was opened in 1996. This was preceded by a construction period of four years. Since then, the population of the Turkish capital has almost doubled. Also after four years of construction, the second metro line began service in 1997 under the name Ankara Metrosu . In the course of the current structural expansion of the Ankara Metrosu network, the line is now referred to as M1 .
Metro and Ankaray
| Line A (Ankaray) | |
|---|---|
| opening | August 30, 1996 |
| Number of stations | 11, of which 10 in the tunnel |
| Length of the stations | 90 m |
| average station distance | 790 m |
| Total length of the line | 8.5 km |
| Travel time (total line) | 13 minutes |
| Average speed | 30.38 km / h |
| Top speed | 80 km / h |
| Power supply | lateral power rail |
| Line color | green |
| access | Stairs, ramps, escalators , elevators ; Ticket barrier |
Both lines, opened in the mid-1990s, are complete subways. The Ankaray line is not a light rail , as it, like the M1, does not have any intersections and is completely independent of other rail traffic, separate from road traffic and almost exclusively in the tunnel. This means that both lines have been upgraded to full-fledged subway standards. The two lines are nonetheless two technically incompatible systems, i. This means that it is not possible to exchange the vehicles used between the lines. Similar subway networks with two different systems in terms of power supply and clearance profile also exist in London and Berlin .
Construction of new lines to 'Metro-Standard'
Since the other two underground lines under construction in Ankara will be built according to the standard of the metro, the metro was renamed M1. The other lines are named M2 and M4 analogously. The Ankaray line, on the other hand, keeps its name. This means that after the major expansion of the inner-city rail network in Ankara, there are still three different networks. The lines of the Metro, Ankaray and the S-Bahn.
Ankaray
The Ankaray line connects the AŞTİ long-distance bus station (Ankara Şehirlerarası Terminal İşletmesi), the central bus station for domestic long-distance bus traffic, with the Dikimevi district to the east of the center. In the eastern third, the eleven-station route passes the central Kızılay square. There is a transition to the M1 metro line .
The Ankaray line runs completely separate from other rail and road traffic. The Emek station is located above ground, but overbuilt by a station hall. Otherwise the entire route is underground. Power is supplied via a power rail attached to the side of the track . Every hour, 25,000 passengers can be transported in each direction.
Line M1
| Line M1 (Metro 1) | |
|---|---|
| opening | December 28, 1997 |
| Number of stations | 12, of which 10 in the tunnel |
| Length of the stations | 140 m |
| average station distance | 1,200 m |
| Total length of the line | 14.6 km |
| Travel time (total line) | 22 minutes |
| Average speed | 38 km / h |
| Top speed | 80 km / h |
| Power supply | lateral power rail |
| Line color | Red |
| access | Stairs, escalators, elevators, ticket barriers |
The M1 metro line runs between central Kızılay Square and the northwestern Batikent district . There are 12 stations on the 14.6 km long route. The 6.5 km route runs in a tunnel and 3.2 km as an elevated railway on a viaduct . The remaining 4.9 km run in the cut . The above-ground part of the route is also independent of road traffic.
Among the rush hour trains of six cars (two units). At times when there is less traffic, there are individual three-car units. The 36 train units used on the M1 are able to transport 70,000 passengers per hour in each direction. The trains on the M1 line are driverless.
Line M2
| Line M2 (Metro 2) | |
|---|---|
| opening | March 13, 2014 |
| Number of stations | 12, all underground |
| Length of the stations | 140 m |
| average station distance | 1,500 m |
| Total length of the line | 16.5 km |
| Travel time (total line) | - |
| Average speed | - |
| Top speed | 80 km / h |
| Power supply | lateral power rail |
| Line color | yellow |
| access | Stairs, escalators, elevators, ticket barriers |
The new M2 (popularly called Çayyolu Metrosu after its western destination station) runs from the city center under the large boulevards, the İsmet İnönü Bulvarı and the Dumlupınar Bulvarı, first to the west, then in a south-westerly direction to the Çayyolu district. The route is 16.5 km long and has eleven stations. The average station distance is 1.5 km. You can change to the M1 in Kızılay, where the M2 has its eastern end, and in Söğütözü to the Ankaray line.
Line M3
| Line M3 (Metro 3) | |
|---|---|
| opening | 12th of February 2014 |
| Number of stations | 12, of which 5 underground |
| Length of the stations | 140 m |
| average station distance | 1,500 m |
| Total length of the line | 15.3 km |
| Travel time (total line) | - |
| Average speed | - |
| Top speed | 80 km / h |
| Power supply | lateral power rail |
| Line color | Light Blue |
| access | Stairs, escalators, elevators, ticket barriers |
The M3 line (popularly known as Sincan Metrosu after its northern destination station) extends from the M1 station Batikent in a north-westerly direction Sincan. Most of it runs north of the Ayaş Yolu road (Ayaş-Ankara-Bulvarı). The line will serve 12 stations and has a length of 15.3 km; 2.6 km of this is underground and 5.39 km on a viaduct as an elevated railway . The rest of the route is on a track at ground level that is separate from all other road and rail traffic. The average station distance is 1.5 km. The M3 line serves to connect the districts north-west of the city on both sides of the Ankara O-20 ring road to the M1. The M3 line was opened on February 12, 2014. The construction project was carried out by the Spanish company Comsa Emte in cooperation with the Turkish partner Açilim Insaat; Both companies are currently building another metro line for the M2 line, which is officially planned to be completed later this year. The Chinese railway manufacturer CSR Zhuzhou supplied the 342 metro cars made of stainless steel.
Line M4
| Line M4 (Metro 4) | |
|---|---|
| opening | 5th January 2017 |
| Number of stations | 9 (11 planned), all underground |
| Length of the stations | 140 m |
| average station distance | 1,070 m |
| Total length of the line | 10.5 km |
| Travel time (total line) | 17 min |
| Average speed | - |
| Top speed | 80 km / h |
| Power supply | lateral power rail |
| Line color | purple |
| access | Stairs, escalators, elevators, ticket barriers |
The M4 line, also known as Keçiören Metrosu, is 10.5 km long and leads from the Ataturk Culture Center to Şehitler in the Keçiören district. The line opened on January 5, 2017. The line will later be extended to Kızılay. It will then have eleven stations and an average station spacing of 1.07 km. From the Ataturk Culture Center it runs west of the boulevards Kazım Karabekir Caddesi and Fatih Caddesi in a northerly direction to Dutluk. From here she makes a curve to the west to her terminus Şehitler. The current travel time is 17 minutes, the line is designed for a cycle of 90 seconds.
Vehicles and gauge
The track width is 1435 mm ( standard gauge ) on both underground lines .
Vehicles of the Canadian Hawker H6 wagon type operate on the M1. The trains in Ankara are a modification of the almost identical H6 trains that are used on the Toronto subway. The vehicles were manufactured by Bombardier until the early 1990s . The structure is made of riveted stainless steel and is gray in color. An orange stripe runs around the window. There are four entrances on both sides of each car. In the three-car units, the first and third car are railcars, the middle car has no drive of its own.
The underground trains used on the Ankaray line were built by the Italian wagon manufacturer AnsaldoBreda in Naples in cooperation with Siemens . Only one of the three-car units has an engine (railcar), the other two cars are not powered (sidecar). The cars are white with orange applications around the windows.
The trains for the new underground lines under construction will be built by CSR in China.
H6 series from Toronto on the M1 line
Interior of an M1 car
Metro in Kizilay station
Interior of an M2 train
Tariff system and fares
A uniform tariff system applies to Ankaray, Metro and the EGO city bus system. Since 23 August 2014, several city bus lines have been converted into pure feeder lines to the metro and Ankaray. The aim of these changes is to relieve the main streets, which are often overcrowded anyway.
Tickets
Until the end of August 2014, the tickets (Turkish: 'bilet') were made of paper and had a magnetic strip that was read in at the access barriers of the stations.
Since May 2014, the old paper tickets have been switched to the AnkaraKart. It is a plastic prepaid card that can be purchased at various locations (currently for 5 TL ) and loaded with different amounts.
A single ticket (made of paper) for a journey can be purchased for 3.00 TL at the stations of the metro or Ankaray (as of November 2015).
Each ticket entitles passengers to use the transport network of the tariff association of their choice for up to 75 minutes in each direction. A maximum of three transfers are possible. There are discounts for schoolchildren and pensioners.
Fares
| Fares | ||
|---|---|---|
| Billet | Normal price in TL | reduced price TL |
| Single trip | 3.00 | 1.50 |
| 5 trips | 15.00 | 7.50 |
| 10 trips | 30.00 | 15.00 |
| 20 trips | 60.00 | 30.00 |
Tickets in the units listed are sold at metro stations, ticket machines , counters and customer centers.
Operating times
Trains on the Ankaray and M1 metro lines run 18 hours a day between 6 a.m. and midnight.
operator
Metro and Ankaray are publicly owned in Ankara. Operators are the municipal utilities (EGO), which are tied to the city council and the city administration, the 'Elektrik Gaz Otobüs Genel Müdürlüğü' (German: General Directorate for Electricity, Gas and Omnibuses).
Network expansion
| line | route | length | Train stations | Comments on the planning and expansion status |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| A. | AŞTİ ↔ Dikimevi | 8.5 km | 11; 1 under construction | in operation - the southern extension to Söğütözu is expected to open at the end of 2014 |
| M1 | Kızılay ↔ Batıkent | 14.6 km | 12th | in operation |
| M2 | Kızılay ↔ Koru | 16.5 km | 11 | in operation since March 13, 2014 |
| M3 | Batıkent ↔ Organize Sanayi Bölgesi - Törekent | 15.3 km | 11 | in operation since February 12, 2014 |
| M4 | Şehitler ↔ YHT Gar | 10.5 km | 9; 2 in planning | Section Şehitler - Ataturk Kültür Merkezi; Ataturk Kültür Merkezi - Kızılay section in planning |
| M5 | Kızılay ↔ Esenboğa Havalimanı | 30 km | 16 (planned) | Line in planning |
The extension of the M4 line
The line is to be extended from the Ataturk Culture Center via the main train station to Kızılay, where it will meet with the M1, M2 and Ankaray lines.
The Ankaray Extension
There have been plans to expand the Ankaray network since 2000. The following expansion options are under discussion:
- from Maltepe northwest to Etlik over a length of 5.7 km
- from Kurtulus northeast to Hasköy over a length of 4 km
- from Dikimevi southeast to Doğukent over a length of 7.7 km
Dates for the start of construction are not yet known for these three extensions. One project to be implemented in the course of the expansion of the underground network of the Metro M lines is the southern expansion of the Ankaray line from the AŞTİ bus station to the M2 line at Söğütözü station.
Extension of the underground network with an M5 line to the international airport
On April 13, 2013, then Minister of Transport, Binali Yıldırım, announced that the city would build a metro line from the M4 line to Esenboğa Airport . The planning of the route should be completed by the end of 2013. The airport is not connected to the underground or S-Bahn system and can currently only be reached by bus.
See also
Web links
- Official operator of the metro line
- Official site of the Ankaray Line
- Metro Ankara at urbanrail.net (English)
Individual evidence
- ↑ Batıkent-Sincan Metrosu. Retrieved August 29, 2021 .
- ↑ UrbanRail.Net> Asia> Turkey> Ankara Metro. Retrieved August 29, 2021 .
- ↑ UrbanRail.Net> Asia> Turkey> Ankara Metro. Retrieved August 29, 2021 .
- ↑ Archived copy of News on www.ego.gov.tr ( Memento from September 22, 2012 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ UrbanRail.Net> Asia> Turkey> Ankara Metro. Retrieved August 29, 2021 .
- ↑ Kızılay Çayyolu metrosu 10 Mart'ta açılıyor. Retrieved August 29, 2021 (Turkish).
- ↑ Archived copy of News on www.ego.gov.tr ( Memento from October 21, 2012 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Archived copy ( Memento from December 2, 2012 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Ankara opens metro line M3. Accessed in 2021 .
- ↑ Ankara opens metro line M3. In: International Railway Journal. February 14, 2014, accessed August 29, 2021 .
- ↑ a b c Keith Barrow: Ankara opens metro Line M4 . ( railjournal.com [accessed January 5, 2017]).
- ↑ Archived copy ( Memento from December 2, 2012 in the Internet Archive )
- ^ Projects Archive - Railway Technology. Retrieved August 29, 2021 .
- ↑ Ankara metrosu Çin'den gelecek - Timeturk Haber. Retrieved August 29, 2021 (Turkish).
- ↑ Archived copy ( Memento from September 5, 2012 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ UrbanRail.Net> Asia> Turkey> Ankara Metro. Retrieved August 29, 2021 .
- ↑ Haber7: Ankara metrosu Esenboğa'ya bağlanıyor. Retrieved August 29, 2021 (Turkish).
- ↑ Son Dakika. Retrieved August 29, 2021 (Turkish).
- ↑ Archived copy ( Memento from April 15, 2013 in the Internet Archive )
