Ulrich von Eyczing

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Ulrich von Eyczing (* around 1395 ; † November 20, 1460 in Schrattenthal ) was a member of the Austrian and Bavarian nobility in the Duchy of Austria (whether and under the Enns), who was involved in disputes over the rule after the death of Duke Albrecht V of Austria was involved. He is compared to Georg von Podiebrad and Janos Hunyady , who both rose to become imperial administrators, and he is assumed to have similar plans for the Duchy of Austria.

origin

Ulrich belonged to the von Eyczing family , who in the Middle Ages lived in what is now the federal states of Bavaria, Upper Austria and Lower Austria. His father was probably that Georg (Görig) Eitzinger (son of a Stephans), who is proven as a witness in a court case by Rieder Schranne in 1387 and who had a land registry drawn up in 1397 . His siblings were Oswald von Eyczing , Stephan von Eyczing and Elisabeth von Eitzing .

His coat of arms was divided diagonally to the right, red and black below and with three silver balls diagonally one below the other, on the helmet two buffalo horns with balls.

Life

He is said to have spent his youth at the court of Duke Ernst I of Austria , later he was in the service of Duke Albrecht IV of Austria and Duke Albrecht V of Austria, who later became King Albrecht II (HRR). He excelled especially in defensive battles against the Hussites . In 1430 he was recorded as a caretaker in Dürnstein and in 1433 as captain in Eggenburg and Znaim . On April 4, 1434 he acquired Schrattenthal on the border between Waldviertel and Weinviertel . Thanks to further acquisitions (including the border castle Kaya), he finally owned goods from the Danube to Moravia . In 1435 Schrattenthal became his headquarters, which he had expanded.

1437-1440 he was lift master of King Albrecht II. In 1439 he was raised to baron together with his brothers. After Albrecht's death he supported his widow Elisabeth in her struggle to succeed Ladislaus Postumus . Until about 1446 Ulrich, who at that time occupied an intermediate position between the Austrian estates and the central authority, was also in the service of King Friedrich III. , the later Emperor Friedrich III.

On October 14, 1451, the Mailberger Bund with 250 members was closed under his leadership . In the following argument with Friedrich III. around the guardianship of Ladislaus Postumus, he was initially ousted by Ulrich von Cilli and finally ousted. After his exile, Ulrich von Eyczing was a member of the Estates Regency Council for Ladislaus from 1453-1455 before it was dissolved in 1455.

After the death of Ladislaus Postumus, he was appointed provincial administrator on December 23, 1457 and was confirmed in this office in January 1458 by the Vienna Parliament. When he initially supported the emperor in the dispute over the succession in the Duchy of Austria (whether and under the Enns), he was supported by Archduke Albrecht VI. temporarily imprisoned by Austria . After he had been released again by the intervention of the emperor, shortly before his death in Göllersdorf he tried to organize a new covenant against the emperor's policy of revenging fiefdoms, but this time he did not succeed.

Ulrich died a little later on November 20, 1460 at the age of 62 (probably from the plague ). He was buried in the parish church of Schrattenthal.

Family relationships

Ulrich's wife Barbara (died around 1480) came from a knight family from Passau. Her father Stephan Kraft was a salt minister in Gmunden and later a carer in Ischlland and Steyr, her mother the daughter of the Austrian mint master Dietrich Prenner.

Judgment by contemporaries

In contemporary assessments, Ulrich von Eyczing is viewed very differently. Helene Kottanner gives a very positive description in her memoirs . However, the negative description of him as an ambitious climber that Aeneas Sylvius Piccolomini gives in the Historia Austrialis has prevailed . It should not be overlooked that these judgments are certainly not objective, but depend on the political attitudes of the reporters. Newcomers were also controversial at the time.

Contemporary sources

  • Eneas Silvius Piccolomini: Historia Austrialis. Part 1, 1st editing . Monumenta Germaniae Historia Volume XXIV, 1. Knödler, Julia (Ed.). Hanover. 2009.
  • Eneas Silvius Picolomini: Historia Austrialis. Part 2, 2nd and 3rd editorial . Monumenta Germaniae Historia Volume XXIV, 2. Wagendorfer, Martin von (Ed.). Hanover. 2009.
  • Aeneas Silvius Piccolomini: Historia Austrialis. Austrian history . Translated by Jürgen Sarnowsky. (Selected sources on the German history of the Middle Ages. Freiherr - vom - Stein Memorial Edition. No. 44). Darmstadt. 2005. (German translation)
  • Karl Mollay (ed.): The memorabilia of Helene Kottannerin (1439-1440). Vienna 1971. (Edition)

literature

  • Eitzing. A lovable community in the Innviertel . Edited by the municipality of Eitzing, Upper Austria. Ried i. Innkreis, 2013. ISBN 978-3-902684-35-6 .
  • Franz von Krones :  Eitzing, Ulrich von . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 5, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1877, pp. 778-781.
  • Paul-Joachim Heinig : Emperor Friedrich III. (1440-1493). Court, government, politics (= research on the imperial and papal history of the Middle Ages. Vol. 17). 3 volumes, Böhlau, Cologne 1997, ISBN 3-412-15595-0 (at the same time: Gießen, University, habilitation paper, 1993), s. Vol. 3, p. 1672.
  • Richard Perger: The Viennese councilors 1396 to 1526 . A manual (= research and contributions to the history of the city of Vienna 18). Vienna, 1988, p. 191

Remarks

  1. ↑ Eitzing, 2013, p. 31ff.
  2. ^ Richard Perger: Die Wiener Ratsbürger 1396 to 1526 . A manual (= research and contributions to the history of the city of Vienna 18). Vienna, 1988, p. 191
  3. ↑ Eitzing, 2013, p. 41f.
  4. ↑ Eitzing, 2013, p. 42f.
  5. ^ Richard Perger: Die Wiener Ratsbürger 1396 to 1526 . A manual (= research and contributions to the history of the city of Vienna 18). Vienna, 1988, p. 191
  6. ^ Paul-Joachim Heinig: Emperor Friedrich III. (1440-1493). Hof, Government, Politics , 1997, Vol. 1, p. 39
  7. ^ Paul-Joachim Heinig: Emperor Friedrich III. (1440-1493). Hof, Government, Politics , 1997, Vol. 1, p. 266
  8. ↑ Eitzing, 2013, p. 44f.
  9. ^ Paul-Joachim Heinig: Emperor Friedrich III. (1440-1493). Hof, Government, Politics , 1997, Vol. 1, p. 42f.
  10. ^ Paul-Joachim Heinig: Emperor Friedrich III. (1440-1493). Hof, Government, Politics , 1997, Vol. 1, p. 43
  11. ^ Paul-Joachim Heinig: Emperor Friedrich III. (1440-1493). Hof, Government, Politics , 1997, Vol. 1, pp. 266f.
  12. ↑ Eitzing, 2013, p. 46.
  13. ↑ Eitzing, 2013, pp. 43 and 46.
  14. ↑ cf. on this Eitzing, 2013, p. 41 and p. 42
personal data
SURNAME Eyczing, Ulrich von
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Eitzing, Ulrich von; Eitzinger, Ulrich
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Austrian nobleman
DATE OF BIRTH around 1395
DATE OF DEATH November 20, 1460
Place of death Schrattenthal