Lower Franconian

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Lower Franconian

Spoken in

Bavaria
Linguistic
classification
Franconian subdialects, after:
Alfred Klepsch, Eberhard Wagner: Concise dictionary of Bavarian Franconia

Lower Franconian or, in linguistic terminology, Lower East Franconian is spoken in most areas of the Bavarian administrative district of Lower Franconia . All regions to the west of the " Spessart Barrier " (around Miltenberg and Aschaffenburg ) belong to the Central German language area ( Hessian ) and not to the Upper German language area. Lower East Franconian appears in its typical form in the area around Würzburg and Schweinfurt , where it is also called Main Franconian (on the map opposite, surface coloration in ocher). The Lower Franconian dialect area essentially corresponds to the historic Hochstift Würzburg .

Regional breakdowns

Lower East Franconian is regionally subdivided. For example, the Schweinfurt season not far west of the city: Standard German Wiese (Middle High German nominative wise, genitive / dative / accusative wisen ) corresponds to Wiesa to the west of this season , and Wiesn to the east . 23 km east of Schweinfurt, near Augsfeld between Haßfurt and Zeil , is the Bamberg barrier , which separates Lower East Franconian (yellowish surface coloration) from Bambergian (pink surface coloration) and is defined by the representation of Middle High German / ei / as / eː / or / aː / "Main" and "one" hot west of the barrier Mee and eens, east Maa and AANS (in rhine Franconian speaking Aschaffenburg, however Mää, ääns ).

The details of the dialect can also be very different from village to village, so the sentence "Do you have an egg" in two neighboring villages can be as follows:

  • Host du ä Aalä (open o )
  • Host you a eels (open o )

The shortest form of "Do you have an egg left?" Occurs in the Schweinfurt area: Do you have a Ä ü?

Phonology

Consonants

As in all East Franconian dialects, there is a complete lack of consonants / p / and / t / ( internal German consonant weakening ); these are consistently implemented as / b / and / d /, for example Broleddariad “Proletariat”. / k / on the other hand usually only becomes / g / before consonants, so the High German "Knecht" becomes Gnechd or Gnachd in East Franconia , but "suitcase" remains a suitcase (or Kuffer ). G is mostly softened to ch in the final , Barch "mountain". The high German G is occasionally implemented as a “hard” K , for example in Karasch ( high German / French “garage”) and khört (“heard”). Similar to Middle Franconian, the front tongue / r / is spoken here.

Vowels

Middle High German / a / and / a / were an open / ɔː /, / ɔ /, about slack "sleep," foahrn "drive", but "day". It is typical of Lower East Franconia that standard German long / eː / or / ɛː / corresponds to a long / aː /: Kaas "cheese", Baasn " besen ". It is also significant that a standard German / ai /, as far as it is derived from Middle High German / ei /, corresponds to a / ɛː / or / eː /: Flääsch “Fleisch”, eens “eins”, Mee “Main”. The Middle High German diphthongs / uo /, / ie /, / üe / have been preserved and have not been monophthongized as in Standard German : Bruoder “brother”, liäb “dear”, tired “tired”.

grammar

Verbs

Endless infinitive is common to all Main Franconian dialects , for example: I want to go limp “I want to sleep”. In many cases, this will prefix g- or overall prefixed: I jeädn koä But Schnidsl gegass "I would eat schnitzel best every day" or DOAE Kosst gschlåff "can as you sleep." The infinitive is typically vorgestelltem overall formed: CROWD "see" belonging "hear" gegeh "walk" geglab believe laser- to "read", etc.

As in the standard German vowels are partially umlauted . This is how one conjugates in Lower East Franconian as follows:

  • I sleep (I sleep), you sleep (you sleep), he / she / it sleeps (he / she / it sleeps), me sleep (we sleep), you sleep (you sleep), who sleep (they sleep).
  • I foahr (I drive), you föährschd (you drive), he / she / es föährd (he / she / it drives), me foahrn (we drive) etc.

Umlaut is also preserved where it no longer occurs in the High German equivalent, e.g. B .:

  • I care (I come), you care (you come), he / she / it cares (he / she / it comes), me kumma (we come) etc.

Plural formation of nouns

East Frankish knows Apocope why the standard German plural ending -e is missing: the Hünd "the dogs". As an Upper German dialect, it also knows the plural ending -s not originating from Low German : the Audo "the cars".

Words with the diminutive suffix -le such as Mädle "Mädchen" are given in the plural -lich or -li: a boar Mädlich or a boar Mädli "a couple of girls".

Use of modal particles

Like the spoken language in general, Lower East Franconia also knows modal particles ("spicy words"), which only have the meaning of confirming or reinforcing a statement. Fei and gell / gall are used to bring conviction and power to a sentence. So is the kannsd me gläb "that you can believe me" is not nearly as effective as a load of kannsd me fei gläb, eh!

A popular joke is to tell each other that these spicy words actually have no meaning: Fei is fei kä Wordd! "Fei is not a word!"

vocabulary

The vocabulary of Lower East Franconian is documented in the Franconian dictionary .

Some typical words and phrases

  • Mee, Maa (high German the river Main)
  • Ronga, Ranga, Reäh, Ree (with open o, high German hillside meadow, high German Rain)
  • Rongäsch, Fudderruäm, Rongerscher (with open o, high German fodder beet)
  • At the Astere (at Easter)
  • Sechhahmes , Amitze or Liemetze ( high German ant)
  • Schäüärädouer ( high German barn door )
  • Gaaldbäüdl ( high German wallet)
  • Konzedreiwl (with an open o, high German currant, Dreiwl high German for "small grapes", also called 'Dräuble' or 'Dräubli')
  • Ondämorrä (with open o, high German the day after tomorrow)
  • ondänächde, uendisnechde or oonisnäichde or vornaichda (with an open o at Ondänächde, high German the day before yesterday)
  • Goil, Göll, Gäl (high German horses)
  • Huund, Hünd ( high German dog, dogs)
  • Zwärche, pranks, lubricants, latwerche ( high German jam )
  • Baasn, Baasä, Baaser ( high German broom)
  • Maala, Mädle, Mädla ( high German girl)
  • Bua, Buä, Buh, Käall, Kall ( high German boy, boy)
  • Addöbfl, Ähdebfl, Grumbiere, Grumbern, Grumbere, Grummbn, Kodöffl (open o) (high German potato or potato)
  • Kipf, Weck, Stölele ( high German roll, Kipf refers to a typical Franconian roll shape , elongated with pointed ends)
  • Bobbe, Bubbe (high German baby, child, doll)
  • Treasure trove ( high German clock)
  • Kinnerscheese or simply Scheese (stroller, also used as a Scheese for other mobile pedestals, from French chaise → German chair )
  • Bommeranzn (orange or a young country girl)
  • Gäbummbel , Gaubummbel ( impaling the corpulence for a stocky country woman with limited mind)
  • Gräudi ( high German weed, wild growth, also used for the first male beard growth)
  • You kost Wed ämol om Aasch geläck or: You are costly mi ämoal on Oarsch geläck ( mol and om again said open o, costly .. On the other hand closed Hochdt "You can lick ass me once")
  • You want dä Kiddl ?! (Your smock is on fire ?, In high German: Do you still have all the cups in the cupboard? You are probably a little crazy?)
  • Hadds you nei the shit mature? or ... never g'fruern the shit? (one considers the person addressed to be not quite right in the head, not sane or similar and alludes to an early childhood hypothermia in the stroller (Scheese) as the cause)
  • Schorsch, mei Drobbn ( high German "Georg, my (calming) drops!", Expression for excitement, quote from the well-known television series Hesselbach family of the 1950s)
  • Brunzverregg! (rough expression of surprise or annoyance that is difficult to translate into standard German)
  • dar Brunzverregger (ambivalent noun; can be used both derogatory and admiring and even derogatory and admiring at the same time)
  • Dollhorn (expression for an idiot or a clumsy act)
  • Simbl (simply knitted contemporary; "Simpel")
  • I ho e Ä ü! (I have one egg left) and I ho aa e Ä ü! (Emphasis on the aa : I also have an egg left)
  • schimbouk ( high German somersault)
  • dart anni, dart onni (there or here, the a in dart is spoken here again as an open o)
  • awi (down, down, spoken with an open o, regional oowi with a closed o)
  • awä (down, down, spoken with an open o, regional oowä with a closed o)
  • No Freili ( highly German but safe / of course)
  • There goes no öbbes ( high German "There is still something going on" in the sense of "Let's have a drink")
  • neas or nix at all (high German nothing at all, the a is spoken here like an open o)
  • The days of the week: Maandi (ch), Diäsdi (ch), Diisdi, Midwuche (rdi), Midwoucher, Dunnerschdi (ch), Freidi (ch), Saamsdi (ch), Suundi (ch), Sundi
  • Doff des des? (Can it do that?) (Can the child do what it is doing now?) - Des döff des! (It may!) (Yes! That is okay.) - That des döff? (That it is allowed to do that?) (Amazement that it's okay!)
  • (so,) glebbsdes ?! (literally: Do you believe it ?, roughly equivalent to: "Do you think that is possible?")
  • The glebbsde itself ned! (You don't believe that yourself! As a response to a lie or an exaggeration)
  • allaweil (expression for a period of time that extends from the past to the present time - depending on the context, it can be longer or shorter)
  • fei (reinforcing expression, synonymous with "but", "but", "really", "probably". Example: Des wor fei schee! "That was nice!")
  • göggen (have / get nausea )
  • Ranzebeißer (very bitter wine)
  • Gramofondäderli (high German petunias, comparing the flower shape with a gramophone funnel)
  • Döuchenachdli ( high German pansy)
  • s Gfräsch Greek ( get cramps when you are very upset about something)
  • The Hundsverregger (someone who barely fulfills his duties)
  • Kerffi [kɐfi] (cemetery)
  • Biiarer (pears)
  • Arbern or Addbejr (strawberries)
  • Sääl, Sälr, Säli (rope, ropes, rope)
  • Schläichl ( sledge hammer)
  • Daisdl (drawbar)
  • weggennes Bee (amputated leg)
  • Rampfn Brood (thickly cut, misshapen slice of bread)
  • Grüstle (end piece of bread)
  • Da hasd die Gääs am Beudl glangd ( high German . "You touched the goat's udder" in the sense of "There you have the salad")
  • There the cheese is eaten ( high German . "There the cheese is eaten", "So it is done")
  • Bassd scho (literally "it fits", meaning "it doesn't really get any better")
  • Duddn, Blastichduddn (bag, plastic bag)
  • Waggerli (grapes)
  • Kühaach, vergnorblds (literally "cartilaginous cow's eye", meaning something like Dollhorn )
  • Gööger (rooster, chicken)

Endangered words

  • Owanner (strip of grass between dirt road and field)
  • Zemmadle , also Semmede (pastry)
  • Arfl (quantity for the amount that fits on a pitchfork or a farmer can carry it with two hands, actually "an arm full"; a Arfl Hä fits no on it means something like "a fork of hay is still possible)"
  • Hamfel (quantity, derived from "a handful")

See also

Web links