Substation construction
As Unterwerksbau is known in mining a mining and mining operations , the below the lowest haulage level is. Until the use of steam power in the 19th century, work could only be carried out with low water inflows and the corresponding effort for dewatering below the bottom of the tunnel, which could still be profitable with the appropriate coal deposits. The construction of the substation was never welcomed by the mining authorities because it entailed great risks for weather management and dewatering.
When building the substation, the tusks and tugs work about 5 meters below the last level, sometimes up to about 10 meters below. The mining takes place without mined floors and the mined material such as coal or ore must be hoisted onto the last floor or main conveyor floor, from where it is removed.
In the Ruhr mining industry around 1800 in the Vollmond colliery , the amount of water produced in the substation construction was discharged through a Seiger shaft through the overburden , while the water above it was carried away through a tunnel. In the following decades the development of civil engineering and shaft hoisting began. In the Ruhr mining industry, substation construction accounted for around 11 percent of total coal production in 1912, and by 1951 this share was around 20 percent.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Walter Bischoff , Heinz Bramann, Westfälische Berggewerkschaftskasse , Bochum : The small mining dictionary. 7th edition, Verlag Glückauf , Essen 1988, ISBN 3-7739-0501-7
- ↑ Kurt Pfläging : The cradle of Ruhr coal mining. The history of the mines in the southern Ruhr area . 3rd edition, Verlag Glückauf, Essen 1980, ISBN 3-7739-0235-2 .
- ↑ a b Ruhr: Begging for coal . In: Der Spiegel . No. 6 , 1951, pp. 25-27 ( online ).
- ↑ Fritz Heise, Friedrich Herbst: Textbook of mining science with special consideration of hard coal mining . Fifth, improved edition. First volume. Julius Springer, Berlin 1923, p. 296 .