Vanilla chamissonis
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Vanilla chamissonis is a species of vanilla ( Vanilla ) in the orchid family (Orchidaceae). The climbing plant is found in South America.
description
Vanilla chamissonis is an evergreen climber. The stem axis is fleshy, round in cross section, with a diameter of 1.5 to 2.5 centimeters very thick for a vanilla species. The stem axis is slightly bent at the knot and grows in a slight zigzag pattern. The leaves are elongated oval to lanceolate, they end pointedly at the front, the leaf base is abruptly narrowed. The petiole is 1 centimeter long, the leaf length is 17 to 30 centimeters, the width 2.5 to 5.5 centimeters. The leaf margin is slightly curved down.
The inflorescence axis becomes 8 to 12 centimeters long and carries 10 to 20 large flowers . The bracts are 0.3 to 1.2 inches long and up to 0.3 inches wide, elongated and concave in shape, ending bluntly. The ovary is 4 to 5 inches long. The sepals and lateral petals are lanceolate. The outer petals are 5 to 6 inches long by 0.9 to 1.2 inches wide, the inner petals are slightly longer and narrower. The lip is a little longer with 7 to 7.5 centimeters, three-lobed, the front edge is wavy. The long central lobe of the lip is striking. In the middle of the lip there are some thickened veins, in the middle of the lip there is a tuft of hair. The column is 3 to 4 centimeters long, at the front it is provided with two lateral appendages, its underside is velvety hairy. The sweet, aromatic smelling, dark brown when ripe fruit reaches 13 to 15 centimeters in length, in cross section it is slightly triangular and measures 2 centimeters.
Pollination by the bats Artibeus jamaicensis and Glossophaga soricina was observed.
distribution
Vanilla chamissonis has been found in Brazil.
Systematics and botanical history
This type of orchid was described by Johann Friedrich Klotzsch in 1846 in honor of Adelbert von Chamisso . Within the genus Vanilla , Vanilla chamissonis is classified in the sub-genus Xanata and there in the section Xanata , which only contains species of the Neotropics . While Vanilla vellozii is often only regarded as a variety of Vanilla chamissonis , it is an independent species after Soto Arenas and Cribb . Other related species are Vanilla calyculata , Vanilla columbiana , Vanilla grandiflora , Vanilla pompona and Vanilla pseudopompona .
literature
- Le Vanillier et la Vanille dans le Monde . In: Gilbert Bouriquet (ed.): Encyclopédie Biologique . tape XLVI . Paul Lechevalier, Paris 1954.
Web links
Wikispecies: Vanilla chamissonis - Species directoryIndividual evidence
- ↑ a b Roland Portères: Le Genre Vanilla et ses Espèces. In: Le Vanillier et la Vanille dans le Monde. Pp. 226-228.
- ↑ a b Miguel A. Soto Arenas, Phillip Cribb: A new infrageneric classification and synopsis of the genus Vanilla Plum. ex Mill. (Orchidaceae: Vanillinae) . In: Lankesteriana . tape 9 , no. 3 , 2010, p. 372 ( ucr.ac.cr [PDF; 692 kB ]).
- ^ Cullen K. Geiselman, Scott A. Mori, Frédéric Blanchard: Vanilla chamissonis. In: Database of Neotropical Bat / Plant Interactions. Retrieved November 21, 2009 .
- ↑ a b Rafaël Govaerts (Ed.): Vanilla chamissonis. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved May 19, 2020.
- ↑ In: Botanische Zeitung. Berlin 1846, Volume 4, p. 564.