Vanilla coursii
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| H.Perrier |
Vanilla coursii is a species of plant in the genus Vanilla ( Vanilla ) in the orchid family (Orchidaceae). It grows as a climbing plant in Madagascar .
description
Vanilla coursii is an evergreen climber. The shoot measures 0.7-1.0 cm in cross-section, it is somewhat compressed laterally, sometimes with two longitudinal grooves. The leaves are at intervals of 8 to 10 cm on the shoot, they are 10-16 cm long and 3.4-5 cm wide. The leaf stalk measures 0.6 cm, the leaf blade is lanceolate, firm and slightly crescent-shaped, it ends long and pointed.
Vanilla coursii blooms in January and February. The inflorescence usually consists of 3 zymös composed grapes and carries 6 to 8 flowers . The sepals and petals measure about 2.5 × 1 cm, they are widest above the center, narrowed at the base, ending with a point. The red or pink lip , 1.5 cm long, is six-lobed, the blade is slightly scaly at the base, hairy in the middle and provided with pointed papillae pointing backwards . The column is 1.2 cm long with irregularly notched edges. The capsule fruit is round in cross section, 1 cm in diameter and 10-12 cm in length. It takes 12 to 13 months to mature.
distribution
Vanilla coursii occurs in northeast Madagascar, in the area of the Masoala Peninsula. It grows at altitudes of 200 to 300 meters. It inhabits forests on sandy soils.
Systematics and botanical history
Vanilla coursii was first described by Perrier de la Bâthie in 1950 .
According to Portères, on the one hand it resembles Asian species such as Vanilla griffithii , while the lip, which is scaled at the base, occurs on the other hand in African species such as Vanilla africana . There is also a similarity to Vanilla chalotii . The six-lobed lip distinguishes them from these species. Soto Arenas and Cribb name Vanilla francoisii as the only closely related species, but emphasize that they could not obtain a single specimen from Vanilla coursii .
literature
- Le Vanillier et la Vanille dans le Monde . In: Gilbert Bouriquet (ed.): Encyclopédie Biologique . tape XLVI . Paul Lechevalier, Paris 1954.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d Roland Portères: Le Genre Vanilla et ses Espèces. In: Le Vanillier et la Vanille dans le Monde. P. 170.
- ↑ In: Rev. Int. Bot. Appl. Agr. Trop. Volume XXX, 1950, p. 435.
- ↑ Rafaël Govaerts (ed.): Vanilla coursii. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved May 19, 2020.
- ↑ Miguel A. Soto Arenas, Phillip Cribb: A new infrageneric classification and synopsis of the genus Vanilla Plum. ex Mill. (Orchidaceae: Vanillinae) . In: Lankesteriana . tape 9 , no. 3 , 2010, p. 373 ( ucr.ac.cr [PDF; 692 kB ]).