Vanilla griffithii
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Vanilla griffithii is a species of plant in the genus Vanilla ( Vanilla ) in the orchid family (Orchidaceae). It grows as a climbing plant in Southeast Asia.
description
Vanilla griffithii is an evergreen climber, it reaches a height of ten to twenty meters. The leaves are 7.5 to 19 inches long and three to eight inches wide. The leaf shape is oblong-oval, the end is pointed and hard. According to Soto Arenas and Cribb , non-flowering plants can be identified by their strikingly wide leaves. The scion contains a white milky sap that is irritating to the skin.
The inflorescence is short and thick, three to six inches long. The creamy white to light yellow flowers , pink at the base, are tightly packed in a spiral. The bracts are three to six millimeters in size, oval and slightly pointed. The sepals are oval and end blunt, they are 1.2 to 1.5 centimeters long. The petals are shaped similarly. The lip surrounds the column tubular, it is three-lobed, wavy on the edge, the blade is provided with red-brown lines and hairs. The middle lobe is deeply incised. The column is 1.2 centimeters long, the end is no longer enclosed by the lip. The capsule fruit is curved, it is up to seven centimeters long and one centimeter wide, yellow when ripe.
distribution
Vanilla griffithii occurs in Borneo , Sumatra and the Malay Peninsula. An occurrence in Taiwan is indicated by Portères and the "Flora of Taiwan Checklist".
use
The sweet tasting fruits of Vanilla griffithii are edible.
An extract of the flowers and leaves was used medicinally.
Systematics and botanical history
Vanilla griffithii was first described by Heinrich Gustav Reichenbach in 1854 .
Within the genus Vanilla , Vanilla griffithii is classified in the subgenus Xanata and there in the section Tethya , which contains all species of the paleotropic species . According to Portères, it resembles Vanilla palembanica , from which it differs in the spiral arrangement of the flowers and the curved fruits. The Madagascan Vanilla coursii is also similar . Soto Arenas and Cribb name only Vanilla palembanica as a related species, with the restriction that only incomplete material is known from this.
literature
- Le Vanillier et la Vanille dans le Monde . In: Gilbert Bouriquet (ed.): Encyclopédie Biologique . tape XLVI . Paul Lechevalier, Paris 1954.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d Miguel A. Soto Arenas, Phillip Cribb: A new infrageeric classification and synopsis of the genus Vanilla Plum. ex Mill. (Orchidaceae: Vanillinae) . In: Lankesteriana . tape 9 , no. 3 , 2010, p. 367 ( ucr.ac.cr [PDF; 692 kB ]).
- ↑ a b c d e Roland Portères: Le Genre Vanilla et ses Espèces. In: Le Vanillier et la Vanille dans le Monde. Pp. 168-169.
- ↑ a b Rafaël Govaerts (Ed.): Vanilla griffithii. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved May 19, 2020.
- ↑ Vanilla griffithii. efloras.org, accessed April 30, 2009 .
- ^ In: Bonplandia. Volume II, 1854, p. 88.