Vanilla siamensis

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Vanilla siamensis
Systematics
Order : Asparagales (Asparagales)
Family : Orchids (orchidaceae)
Subfamily : Vanilloideae
Tribe : Vanilleae
Genre : Vanilla ( vanilla )
Type : Vanilla siamensis
Scientific name
Vanilla siamensis
Rolfe ex Downie

Vanilla siamensis is a species of vanilla ( Vanilla ) plant in the orchid family (Orchidaceae). It grows as a climbing plant in tropical East Asia.

description

Vanilla siamensis is an evergreen climber that forms dark green shoots several meters long and 0.4 to 2 centimeters in diameter. The leaves are oval, wedge-shaped at the base with a wide, 1.5 to 2.5 centimeter long petiole, the leaf is elongated towards the front. The leaves are nine to 23 inches long and 4.5 to ten inches wide.

The racemose , with numerous flowers occupied inflorescence is 7 to 14 centimeters long. Flowering time is in August. The inflorescence axis is angular and slightly curved in a zigzag shape. The bracts are concave, about 0.8 inches long and just as wide. Pedicel and ovary together measure about two centimeters. The slightly fragrant flowers are yellowish green, the lip is white and yellow at the base. The sepals measure 4.5 centimeters in length by 1.2 centimeters wide, the petals are slightly wider, less fleshy and keeled on the outside. The base of the lip is tubular and fused with the edges of the column . Further in front the lip is indistinctly three-lobed, the side lobes are turned up, the edge of the lip is wavy. On the lip sit five longitudinal calluses, which are covered with long appendages, the three middle ones being larger. The column is two to three inches long and hairy on the underside. The capsule fruit becomes about 20 centimeters long and 2.5 centimeters in diameter.

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 32.

distribution

Vanilla siamensis occurs in the south of the Chinese province of Yunnan , in Thailand, Cambodia and Vietnam. It grows in evergreen forests at altitudes of 700 to 1300 meters.

Systematics and botanical history

Vanilla siamensis was first described by Dorothy G. Downie in 1925 .

Within the genus Vanilla , Vanilla siamensis is classified in the subgenus Xanata and there in the section Tethya , which contains all species of the paleotropic plants . Vanilla pierrei , described by Gagnepain using only a bud, is considered a synonym by Soto Arenas and Cribb . As related species, they name Vanilla abundiflora and Vanilla kinabaluensis .

literature

  • Le Vanillier et la Vanille dans le Monde . In: Gilbert Bouriquet (ed.): Encyclopédie Biologique . tape XLVI . Paul Lechevalier, Paris 1954.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Chen Xinqi, Phillip J. Cribb: Vanilla . In: Wu Zhengyi, Peter H. Raven (Ed.): Flora of China . tape 25 . Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis 2009, pp. 167 ( efloras.org ).
  2. ↑ a b Roland Portères: Le Genre Vanilla et ses Espèces. In: Le Vanillier et la Vanille dans le Monde. Pp. 217-218. (as Vanilla pierrei )
  3. ↑ a b c Roland Portères: Le Genre Vanilla et ses Espèces. In: Le Vanillier et la Vanille dans le Monde. Pp. 210-212.
  4. ↑ Rafaël Govaerts (ed.): Vanilla siamensis. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved May 20, 2020.
  5. ↑ a b Miguel A. Soto Arenas, Phillip Cribb: A new infrageneric classification and synopsis of the genus Vanilla Plum. ex Mill. (Orchidaceae: Vanillinae) . In: Lankesteriana . tape 9 , no. 3 , 2010, p. 393 ( ucr.ac.cr [PDF; 692 kB ]).
  6. ↑ In: Bull. Misc. Inf. Kew. Volume 10, 1925, pp. 410-411.