Vieland (Bremen)

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The Vieland was a rural community and a locality in the south of the city of Bremen on the Ochtum and on the left side of the Weser . It was, and still is in smaller areas, a marshland . It roughly corresponds to today's southern district of Bremen . The Bremen districts of Obervieland , Neustadt , Huchting and Woltmershausen as well as the districts of Seehausen , Strom and Neustädter Hafen are located in the area today .

history

Upper and Lower "Vielandt" in the 17th century

The name Vieland is often justified with the Low German Vie stand for flat, swampy land. But it can just as well be explained by the fact that on the flood-prone strip of land between the Weser main stream and Ochtum cattle breeding was initially more promising than arable farming. The Vieland was mentioned around 1280 as in the vi lande , around 1297 as Vilant and around 1364 as Vylant .

In the 11th to 13th centuries, the area around the river and lake houses was cultivated through drainage ditches and dykes. In 1158, Emperor Friedrich Barbarossa allowed the building of Vieland to be built. In 1201 the cultivation of the Neuenlander Feldmark began. In 1212/1220 the Vieland was formed as a rural community. The north-western region of the Andes lot of electricity, Seehausen and Woltmershausen bordered to Stedingerkrieg 1234 the country's Stedinger . Like most of the later city ​​of Bremen territory , the Vyland / Viehland initially belonged to the land of the Archdiocese . It was only in the course of the 14th century that the council of the imperial city was able to enforce that Gogreve and jury members of the rural community were to be elected according to its stipulations. But still in 1390 the council and cathedral chapter jointly ruled that the waters at the borders of the Vieland were to be developed into a land defense and that all arable farmers in the area should be ready to defend themselves “for the needs of the country”.

Arsten that in the 13th century or to the lower county Hoya and Bruchhausen belonged, was the Kirchdorf the eastern Vielands, Seehausen and electricity that was parish Hasenbüren responsible.

The deep marshland was threatened by floods (storm surges or floods of 1164, December 1717, March 1827, March 1830, February / March 1881, March 1906, February 1946, February 1962), so that a main task of the rural community of Vieland was the dyke and drainage system . Several dike bailiffs were initially responsible for the Vieland . In the 14th century, the Gohgraf for the Goh took the place of the Bailiffs . The goh was a judicial unit of the medieval goh courts . The landowning Gohgraf for the Vieland, judge of the Gohs, was elected by the landowning ministers with the consent of the Bremen Council and was responsible for the defense, taxation and maintenance of the dikes. From 1551 he was only entitled to the lower jurisdiction . Spokesman for the rural community of Vieland were the jury (land jury).

In 1598 the Vieland was divided into Obervieland and Niedervieland . Today Obervieland is a district of Bremen. Niedervieland is an area that includes the districts of Seehausen, Strom, Woltmershausen and Neustädter Hafen. The electoral governorate was abolished in 1598. Instead, the third youngest councilor of one of the four Bremen city quarters was the respective Gohgraf. In 1811, during the French period in Bremen , the Gohe were dissolved. In 1817 the Landherrnamt took its place . In 1946 the local offices and in 1971 the advisory boards were introduced for the districts .

proof

  1. ↑ State and University Library Bremen: Digital Collections ›Bremisches Urkundenbuch› Documents from 1381 - 1410 ›No. 127 (1390 November 25th):“ Wy cappittel unde rad der stad Bremen confesses unde betughet (testify) openbare in dessem breve, dat wy endrachtliken (unanimously)… een grave to ewighen tyden gan schal umme dat Vilant (a ditch should go around the cattle land forever)… ”(pp. 160 - 162) last visited on April 14, 2014

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Coordinates: 53 ° 4 ′ 17 ″  N , 8 ° 43 ′ 23 ″  E