Landherrnamt

Landherrn-Amt (2014)

The Landherrnamt was an authority of the Bremen municipal administration from the middle of the 19th century to 1945. The former office, the Landherrn-Amt , which is located in the Schnoorviertel in the Altstadt part of Bremen's Mitte district, is now used by the St. Johannis School utilized. The house has been a listed building since 1973.

Landlords

On June 15, 1817, two landlords from the Senate were appointed to administer the Bremen land area to the left and right of the Weser , who were responsible for police and administrative matters as well as the dyke system . They took the place of the Gohgräfen of the old Goh constitution, but did not have the lower and high jurisdiction, which from then on lay in the hands of the Senate. Initially, the farmers' groups and their jury were retained, whose tasks were performed in 1879 by community assemblies, community committees and community representatives. Since 1874 there has only been one landlord with the presidency of the district council created in 1879 . In 1926 the Bremen area was renamed the Bremen district . The office of landlord finally expired in 1945 with the dissolution of the Bremen district.

Bremen district

In the Bremen district , the rural communities of the state of Bremen that did not belong to the city council were administered. In 1926, 14 municipalities belonged to the Bremen district:

On April 1, 1938, the town of Vegesack , which had not previously belonged to the district, was incorporated into the district. On November 1, 1939, Vegesack, Büren, Grambkermoor and Lesumbrok were incorporated into the city of Bremen. The other communities were incorporated on December 1, 1945; at the same time the district was dissolved.

Office and building

The Landherrn-Amt building on the corner of Dechanatstrasse and Am Landherrnamt in the Schnoorviertel was built in 1856/57 according to plans by the building director Alexander Schröder . The classicistic arched structure with a distinctive portal risalit became the seat of the authority and remained so until it was discontinued in 1945. After that, the main welfare office for the severely disabled and the administration of the Bremen dyke association were housed here, and apartments were later furnished. Since February 20, 1964, the house has belonged to the Catholic parish of St. Johann , which received it as compensation for a demolished part of the building in Dechanatstrasse. At first it was a nurses' house, from 1980 it was used by the Catholic private school St. Johannis School .

Memorial for the victims of the "Reichskristallnacht"

In front of the Landherrn-Amt house is the memorial for the victims of the November pogroms 1938 , which commemorates the five Jewish victims who were murdered by the National Socialists on the Reichspogromnacht within what is now the Bremen city area and the neighboring community of Platjenwerbe : Martha Goldberg , Dr. Adolph Goldberg , Heinrich Rosenblum, Leopold Sinasohn and Selma Swinitzki. The main synagogue of the Jewish community in Bremen was located in the neighboring Kolpingstrasse, which was set on fire and destroyed by the National Socialists on November 9-10, 1938 during the so-called “Reichskristallnacht”.

The memorial , inaugurated in 1982, was built based on a design by the Bremen Informel artist Hans D. Voss , who died in 1980 . It is designed in simple, cubic forms made of black-colored concrete and bears a plaque with the following inscription:

OUR JEWISH CITIZENS
MARTHA GOLDBERG
DR. ADOLF GOLDBERG
HEINRICH ROSENBLUM
LEOPOLD SINASOHN
SELMA SWINITZKI
WERE MURDERED IN THIS CITY ON THE
NIGHT OF November 9-10, 1938

gallery

Portal of the Landherrn-Amt house , with the inscription "Landherrn-Amt" above the entrance
Memorial for the victims of the "Reichskristallnacht" , in front of the Landherrn-Amt house (building on the right)
Plaque on the memorial for the victims of the "Reichskristallnacht"

literature

Herbert Black Forest : The Great Bremen Lexicon . 2nd, updated, revised and expanded edition. Edition Temmen, Bremen 2003, ISBN 3-86108-693-X .

Individual evidence

^ Monument database of the LfD

^ ^A ^b Territorial changes in Germany and German administered areas 1874 - 1945

^ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. land_bremen.html. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).

↑ Leopold Sinasohn was murdered by an SA unit from Lesum (today part of Bremen) in his house in Platjenwerbe (today part of Ritterhude). The location of the city of Bremen is therefore imprecise, even if it is often used that way.

↑ ^a ^b memorials >> Voss, Hans D .: memorial for the victims of the Reichskristallnacht. (No longer available online.) K: art in public space bremen, formerly in the original ; Retrieved November 29, 2009 . ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2

Web links

Commons : Landherrnamt - collection of images, videos and audio files

53.073861111111 8.8089722222222Coordinates: 53 ° 4 ′ 25.9 ″ N , 8 ° 48 ′ 32.3 ″ E

[1] Monument database of the LfD

[terri-2] A ^b Territorial changes in Germany and German administered areas 1874 - 1945

[3] Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. land_bremen.html. Accessed September 2018(Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).

[4] Leopold Sinasohn was murdered by an SA unit from Lesum (today part of Bremen) in his house in Platjenwerbe (today part of Ritterhude). The location of the city of Bremen is therefore imprecise, even if it is often used that way.