Oberneuland
| District of Bremen Oberneuland |
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| Basic data | rank | |
| Surface: | 18.441 km² | 6/23 |
| Residents : | 13.210 | 18/23 |
| Population density : | 716 inhabitants per km² | 18/23 |
| Proportion of foreigners: | 7.2% | 20/23 |
| Unemployment rate: | 4.0% | 21/23 |
| Coordinates : | 53 ° 7 ' N , 8 ° 55' E | |
| Postal code : | 28355 | |
| District : | east | |
| Local office : | Oberneuland | |
| Website: | Oberneuland local office | |
| All area information as of December 31, 2014. All demographic information as of December 31, 2016. |
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Oberneuland ( Low German Överneeland ) is a district of the municipality of Bremen and belongs to the Bremen district east.
Districts and geography
Oberneuland is located in the northeast of Bremen, about 5 to 6 km from the city center, in the Wümmeniederung . The neighboring districts are Osterholz in the south, Vahr in the south-west, Horn-Lehe in the west and Borgfeld in the north and the Lower Saxon community of Lilienthal .
Oberneuland is not divided into individual districts. By law of April 24, 2013, it was named a district with effect from April 25, 2013 because it has more than 10,000 inhabitants.
A small central area is located around Mühlenfeldstraße, where the local office, police station, several shops, a school, social facilities and the train station are located.
Politics, administration
Advisory Board
The Oberneuland Advisory Board meets regularly and usually publicly in the local office or in other institutions such as B. Schools. The advisory board is composed of the representatives of the political parties or individual candidates elected at the district level. The advisory board elections take place every four years, at the same time as the elections for the Bremen citizenship . The advisory board discusses all issues of the district that are of public interest and makes decisions on this, which are passed on to the administration, the state government and the townspeople. He forms specialist committees for his work. The advisory board has its own budget for district-related measures.
Local office
The Oberneuland local office has been a local administrative authority since 1946. It supports the advisory board in its political work. It is intended to participate in all local tasks that are of public interest. It is led by a full-time local office manager elected by the advisory board and confirmed by the Senate.
Matthias Kook has been the local office manager since November 2019.
history
Settlement began in 1113 when the Dutch began to cultivate the Hollerland on behalf of the Archbishop of Bremen . The Hodenberg estate was first mentioned in 1149 . Oberneuland (1181: Overnigelant ) was first mentioned in a so-called settlement deed in 1181. The sale of wasteland to unknown Dutchmen , who were actually descendants of Dutch merchants and traders and therefore had knowledge of the reclamation of swampy lands, was documented. The settlers were subject to a special law, the so-called Hollerrecht , i. In other words, although they had to pay certain taxes, they were free to dispose of their land and also to bequeath it. This may well be considered the basis for the development of the village of Oberneuland.
The villages of Oberneuland and Rockwinkel belonged to the Goh Hollerland.
Rockwinkel , known as tom Rockwinkel in 1181 , was an independent village that emerged in the 12th century. The responsible parish was always Oberneuland. In 1888, the municipality was also connected to Oberneuland. In 1885 the village had 1080 inhabitants, in 1885 there were 1342 inhabitants. A secondary school existed on Rüten until 1964. In 1953 the school was founded at Uppe Angst .
The church in Oberneuland was not mentioned until 1270, but it can be assumed that it was planned right at the beginning of the settlement and that construction began around 1200. It was named as the Church of St. John , named after John the Baptist . The patron saint was the Bremen Cathedral Chapter and, since the Reformation, the Bremen Council . Today's neo-Gothic brick building was built in 1860 according to plans by Heinrich Müller and replaced the original Romanesque village church as a new building . A parish hall was added in 1805 and replaced by a new building in 1962.
The mill was the first windmill in Oberneuland and was built around 1614 as a post mill , which was later replaced by a Dutch mill . This was destroyed by fire in 1840, completely rebuilt in 1848 and is now the landmark of Oberneuland. Since 1970 it has served as a branch of the Focke Museum in Bremenand houses the permanent exhibition “From Grain to Bread”.
The schools had their origins in the single-class parish school next to the church on Oberneulander Landstrasse . This dilapidated school had to be demolished in 1819, and a new building was built in 1820, which burned down in 1821, rebuilt in the same year and replaced by a building with two classes in 1860.
On the Rüten, at Rockwinkler Landstrasse 93, a secondary school was built, of which only one building from 1877 remained. The old Rütenschule was given up around 1964.
Another school building was added in 1877, and the number of pupils was already 493 in 1884. In 1889, Bremen took over the school from the parish.
Due to the increase in the population it was necessary to build another school center in Rockwinkel, Uppe Angst 31, in 1953, initially with 8 classrooms. In 1955 another 6 rooms and in 1975 another new building and the gymnasium were added.
In the summer of 1846, the Bremen shooting and folk festival took place in Oberneuland . It was the first Bremen shooting festival and was organized by the Bremen shooting club from 1843 . The fairground was on the Hohen Kamp , behind the former Oberneulander excursion restaurant "Jürgens' Holz" (on today's Oberneulander Landstrasse ). The pompous Schützen- und Volksfest attracted attention outside of Bremen at the time. It was repeated only once, in 1847, in the same form and in the same place.
State assignments
In 1888 the Bremen rural communities of Oberneuland and Rockwinkel were merged into one rural municipality. In 1904/05 there was an exchange of territory: Bremen received land from Prussia for the expansion of the ports in Bremerhaven and 595 hectares of land from the Bremen rural communities Oberneuland-Rockwinkel and Borgfeld were given to the community Fischerhude in the Prussian province of Hanover . On April 1, 1921, parts of the Bremen rural community Oberneuland-Rockwinkel and in 1923 a further 21 hectares were incorporated into the city of Bremen. On December 1, 1945, the entire municipality of Oberneuland-Rockwinkel became part of the city of Bremen.
The further development
In the 1870s, the Bremen-Oberneuland station was built on the Osnabrück – Harburg section of the Wanne-Eickel – Hamburg line that was opened in 1873 . The citizens of Bremen discovered the village of Oberneuland as a popular excursion destination.
Well-to-do people in Bremen were increasingly creating extensive summer residences and mansions in Oberneuland, some of which are still preserved. Oberneuland owes its numerous villas and large parks and gardens to this fact. Oberneuland is known in Bremen as a preferred district and as the home of many celebrities. After Horn , the place is the second richest district in Bremen with an average annual income of almost 84,000 euros. Oberneuland was characterized above all by many representative single-family houses on large plots.
In 1927 the volunteer fire brigade was built and in 1928 the first gymnasium for schools and gymnasts. A public bus has been running between Oberneuland and Horn since 1925.
Population development
| year | Oberneuland | Skirt angle | Ges. District |
| 1812 | 509 | 495 | at 1.004 |
| 1855 | 738 | 1,080 | at 1,818 |
| 1905 | around 950 | around 1,450 | 2,393 |
| 1939 | 3,950 | ||
| 1955 | 6,056 | ||
| 1999 | 12,291 | ||
| 2005 | 12,595 |
Culture and sights
Buildings
- The Oberneulander mill , landmark of the district, is a Dutch windmill with a gallery. The listed mill dates from 1848, from the time of classicism .
- The neo-Gothic , Protestant St. John's Church, Hohenkampsweg 6, was built from 1858 to around 1860 according to plans by Heinrich Müller .
- The listed cemetery chapel, Oberneulander Landstraße 37, in the neo-Gothic style , dates from 1905.
- The Landhaus Waldthausen , Mühlenfeldstrasse 49, was built from 1905 to 1906 according to plans by Eduard Gildemeister and Wilhelm Sunkel .
- The Hodenberg estate with the manor house and the Hofmeierhaus has existed since 1608 and is now a foundation. Ernst Müller-Scheeßel , Th. Hermann, Albert Ritterhoff and Heinrich Vogeler worked here.
- The Lür-Kropp-Hof , Rockwinkeler Landstrasse 5, is a thatched, Low German 2-column half-timbered farm that is over 200 years old and is used for celebrations, receptions, weddings, exhibitions and events. This includes the Meta-Rödiger-Hochtiedshuus , the teaching and show apiary of the Bremen Beekeeping Association and, since 1989, a bakery with a stone oven. The farm was first mentioned in 1589 and in 1978 Meta Rödiger bequeathed it to the city of Bremen “for the general public and for the non-profit interests and needs of the Oberneuland local authority district”.
- The Klatte-Hof , Rockwinkeler Heerstraße 123, farm from 1709, seat of the Oberneeland home association .
- The listed Schumacher house is the oldest remaining Brinkitzer house from around 1780 in the Bremen region . The thatched roof house was part of a semi-detached house in which two Brinkitzers lived. It bears the name of the family who lived there for over 100 years.
- The listed Brinkitzerhaus Oberneulander Landstrasse 24 dates from 1833.
- The former restaurant Meyer am Boom , Oberneulander Landstrasse 8, was considered Bremen's oldest inn and was closed at the end of 2014 after more than 300 years. The building, which was probably built at the beginning of the 18th century and originally as a farmhouse, is a thatched, Low German 2-column half-timbered building, has been a listed building since 1973 and has served as a residential building since the establishment of the restaurant.
- The transmitter Bremen-Oberneuland was a 1999 by Radio Bremen built transmitter with three masts. Broadcasting was discontinued in 2010.
- Landsitz Hasse with Landhaus Hasse from 1896 and Hasse's Park
- Considered to be remarkable new buildings
- the Ichon-Park nursing home, Oberneulander Landstrasse 70, built from 1975 to 1977 according to plans by Turk, Borchers and Richter;
- the 22 semi-detached houses in Hartlaubstrasse from 1972 by Schmidt, Ude and Köhl;
- the 1984 Hoffmannspark 1 residential complex by Turk, Borchers and Richter;
- the residential complex Wilhelm-Böhmert-Straße 6 from 1974 by Meyer-Burg;
- the Marcusallee residential complex from 1974 by Schmidt and Müller;
- the office building at Oberneulander Heerstraße 30 from 1984 by Gert Schulze;
- the 15 double and single-family houses Uppe Angst 1 by Schmidt and Heckrott.
Parks and green spaces
The Oberneulander parks are mostly English-style green spaces around the mansions of various country estates.
- Heinekens Park with Heinekens Landgut (around 1790), the Schumacher Estate with the manor house, the Hofmeierhaus (around 1790, now a gallery) and Gottlieb Altmann's 2.7 hectare park (around 1762) is located at Oberneulander Landstrasse 151/153 . Landesdenkmalpfleger Stein described the complex with the hedge theater and the rare trees as Bremen's most precious garden .
- The seven-hectare romantic Höpkensruh landscape garden with the Böving country house by Walter Görig (from 1815) and the classicist Schultz country estate (around 1800) is located on Oberneulander Landstrasse 65. The large North American lily of the valley tree is well known. An obelisk is supposed to commemorate the botanists Haller , Linné , Jaquin and Roth .
- Muhles Park with the country estate Muhle is right next to Höpkens Ruh. The park was created in 1825 by the Böving family on a farm. In 1922 the country estate park was taken over by the Muhle family and in 1975 Bremen bought it. On its hiking trails you pass pasture meadows to the Oberneulander dike in the Wümmeniederung to the Hexenberg and after Fischerhude.
- Ichons Park is located directly across from Höpkens Ruh. In 1726 the silk merchant Post had built the first manor house. His grandson laid out the two-hectare park in 1768 according to plans by Gottlieb Altmann. The manor house was rebuilt in 1843 by Senator Gerhard Caesar according to plans by Anton Theodor Eggers. The notary Theodor Ichon was the owner until 1967 (†). The once private property has been accessible since 1977. The Landhaus Caesar-Ichon, Oberneulander Landstrasse 70, is now part of a senior citizens' residential complex.
- The seven-hectare park Good Hodenberg with his romantic acting natural theater, the old mansion, the baroque tuff - Grotto (1787) by landscape architect Christian Roselius , the pavilion (1906), the garden sculptures from the 18/19. Century and the stables of the riding club Hubertus (around 1790) emerged from a water-surrounded fortified place from the 12th century. It is located on Oberneulander Landstrasse at the corner of Hodenberger Strasse.
- The landscape park Hasses Park with the gardens of the former Wichelhausen estate , later Iken-Hoff and with the orangery from 1790 and the greenhouse was redesigned in 1880, probably based on plans by garden architect Wilhelm Benque . It has been partially preserved and is located at Rockwinkeler Landstrasse 41/43. The park includes the former Hasse country estate , which was built according to plans by Eduard Gildemeister and Wilhelm Sunkel (today the Tobias School).
- The Achterdiekpark between Hermann-Frese-Straße and the office park is owned by the private initiative Achterdiekpark e. V. operated. The nine-hectare park includes seven ponds, a football field and a playground. Bremen Zoo was located here from 1966 to 1975 , operated by the animal dealer George Munroe.
- The subsequent green spaces on Achterdieksee and on the A 27 motorway were created when the Vahr was built in the 1960s. They are 31 hectares in size. A golf course is located right next to the green areas.
- The 677 hectare nature reserve Borgfelder Wümmewiesen extends into Oberneuland.
Public facilities
General
- Oberneuland local office, Mühlenfeldstrasse 16
- Bremen-Oberneuland volunteer fire brigade, Mühlenfeldstrasse
schools
- As a private school , the Tobias School is a support center at Rockwinkeler Landstrasse 41–43
- The Oberneuland school is a primary school at Oberneulander Landstrasse 36
- The Oberschule Rockwinkel is a secondary school I and a grammar school at Uppe Angst 31
- The Ökumenisches Gymnasium zu Bremen (ÖG), Oberneulander Landstrasse 143 A, is a state-recognized, privately owned school with 750 students. It was founded in 1981 by Erika Opelt-Stoevesandt .
Social
- Montessori children's home Oberneuland, Mühlenfeldstrasse 38
- Kindergarten shooting star
- Kindergarten evang. Oberneuland community
- Hermann Hildebrand children's home on Vinnenweg
- Kindergarten Achterdiek e. V.
- Elefanten-Kinderkreis Oberneuland e. V.
- The Girls Orphanage Foundation from 1596 is a residential group at Hollerlander Weg 76
- the foundation residence Ichon-Park of the Bremer Heimstiftung , Oberneulander Landstr. 70
- Retirement home of the K&S senior citizens' residence Bremen-Oberneuland
- Youth center "Sasu" Oberneuland (citizens' initiative) Oberneulander Landstrasse 178
Churches
- The Protestant neo-Gothic church of St. Johann on Oberneulander Landstrasse 41 / Hohenkampsweg 6 has been a listed building since 1999.
Sports
Investments
- The Vinnenweg sports park
- The afterthought bath of the BSV; The swimming pool and swimming pool were built in 1915 in a park on Franz-Schütte-Allee with donations from Franz Schüttes - heirs
societies
- The Bremen Hockey Club , Heinrich-Baden-Weg 25
- The Bremen Swimming Club (BSV), Achterdiek 160
- The FC Oberneuland , Vinnenweg 6, was established in 1948. The FC Oberneuland soccer team has played in the Regionalliga Nord for several years since 2008 , currently in the Bremen League . Its home ground is the sports park on Vinnenweg.
- The Grün-Gold-Club Bremen (GGC), Oberneulander Landstrasse 104, was founded in 1932. It is an internationally important dance club that is represented in the state, upper and regional leagues and in the first division. In formation and individually, he won many German, European and World Championships or good placements. The GGC has been working together with the TSC Black-Silver since 2002 .
- The Oberneuland Golf Club , Heinrich-Baden-Weg 25
- The Hubertus Reitverein Bremen , Hodenberger Straße 10
- The Sasu youth camp, Oberneulander Landstrasse 178
- The riding and driving club Oberneuland , Oberneulander Landstrasse 145c
- The sports club Sasu, Oberneulander Landstrasse 178
- The Oberneuland shooting club , Simon-Hermann-Post-Weg 13
- The diving club Octopus Bremen , Hermann-Frese-Straße 20 A
- The TV Oberneuland , Vinnenweg 91
Economy and Transport
economy
Oberneuland is a residential area of high demand. The following companies and commercial areas are to be named:
- In the Oberneuland office park on Franz-Schütte-Allee / Achterdiekstraße, offices and service providers have settled on 10 hectares.
- The Roha Arzneimittel GmbH represents since 1919 Health Products forth, among other natural remedies, cosmetics, medical devices and dietary supplements. The company with 140 employees (as of 2010) has been based in Oberneuland since 1935.
traffic
railroad
Oberneuland owns the Bremen-Oberneuland station on the railway line from Bremen Hauptbahnhof to Hamburg . This station is served by the metronom railway company as part of the Hanse network .
Public transport
The following bus routes operated by Bremer Straßenbahn AG (BSAG) cross Oberneuland:
- Bus route 31: Borgfeld-Ost - Universität - Horn - Oberneuland / Nedderland
- Bus route 33: Horn - Oberneuland - Sebaldsbrück
- Bus route 34: Horn - Oberneuland - Sebaldsbrück
- Night bus route N3: Rablinghausen - Woltmershausen - Mitte - Central Station - Schwachhausen - University - Horn-Lehe - Oberneuland - Osterholz - Mahndorf station
Streets
Oberneuland can be reached
- via the A 27 motorway , Bremen-Vahr junction ,
- from Bremen-Mitte via Dobbenweg - Schwachhauser Heerstraße - motorway feeder,
- from the eastern suburb via Stader Strasse / Georg-Bitter-Strasse - Kirchbachstrasse - motorway slip road,
- from Osterholz via Rockwinkler Landstrasse.
The main inner-city access roads are Oberneulander Heerstraße , Rockwinkler Heerstraße, Rockwinkler Landstraße, Franz-Schütte-Allee and Oberneulander Landstraße . The three previously existing level crossings were or are currently being replaced by underpasses.
The historical Uppe Angst street is also described in more detail.
Biking and hiking trails
Numerous roads lead to Oberneuland u. a. to Achterdieksee, over the Hollerdeich and the Aumundsdamm to Wümme , the Wümme cycle path and to Borgfeld / Lilienthal , over the Hodenberger Deich to Ottersberg and over Nedderland / Marcusallee to the Rhododendron Park Bremen .
Personalities
Personalities who were born or died in the district and who lived or played a major role here (in chronological order):
- Arendt Averbeck (1649–1717), schoolmaster from September 11, 1674 to 1717, also sexton in Oberneuland.
- Gerhard Caesar (1792–1874), Senator from 1832 to 1849, built the country house in Ichons Park in 1843 .
- Johann Höpken (1801–1877), merchant and shipowner, lived in the Höpkens Ruh estate .
- Heinrich Müller (1819–1890), architect in Bremen.
- Ernst Müller-Scheessel (1863–1936), artist, lived in Oberneuland.
- Robert Rickmers (1864–1948), German shipyard owner, shipowner and rice merchant, lived on the Hodenberg estate, and Rickmersstrasse is named after him.
- Heinrich Hoops (1867–1946), pastor and local historian.
- Heinrich Vogeler (1872–1942), artist, also lived and worked in Oberneuland.
- Theodor Ichon (1889–1967), lawyer and notary, lived in Landhaus Caesar-Ichon , Oberneulander Landstrasse 70 (today a senior citizens' residence).
- Metta Johanne Rödiger, b. Kropp (1892–1978), bequeathed the Lür-Kropp-Hof with today's Hochtieds-Huus to the city of Bremen. The Meta-Rödiger-Weg was named after her.
- Friedrich Behrens (1897–1972) was a farmer, from 1945 mayor and from 1947 to 1965 head of the district or local authority of Oberneuland. The Friedrich-Behrens-Weg bears his name.
- Lisa Keßler (1904–1981), community nurse, after whom a street was named in 2003.
- Hartwig Amman (1927–2007), pastor at the Church of St. Johann and local writer.
literature
- Kurt Entholt: Oberneuland. Carl Schünemann Verlag, Bremen 1969, DNB 456546146 , p. 82.
- Hartwig Amman (ed.): New sheets on the history of the parish Oberneuland. 1st edition. Bremen 2000, ISBN 3-00-007108-3 .
- Sophie Hollanders: Oberneuland - pictures from old chests . Döll Verlag , Bremen 2005, ISBN 3-936289-49-2 .
- Kurt Lammek (arrangement): Oberneuland district. In: Hans-Christoph Hoffmann (Ed.): Architectural monuments in the Free Hanseatic City of Bremen (= monument topography Federal Republic of Germany. Volume 3.6) . Fischerhude 1984, ISBN 3-88132-183-7 .
- Herbert Black Forest : The Great Bremen Lexicon . 2nd, updated, revised and expanded edition. Edition Temmen, Bremen 2003, ISBN 3-86108-693-X .
- Monika Porsch: Bremen Street Lexicon. Volume 9: Vahr, Oberneuland . Verlag Schmetterling, Bremen 1999, ISBN 3-932249-05-4 .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Bremen small-scale information system at www.statistik-bremen.de - Table 449-01: Floor area according to type of actual use
- ↑ Bremen small-scale information system at www.statistik-bremen.de - Table 173-01: Population by gender
- ↑ Bremen small-scale information system at www.statistik-bremen.de - Table 173-61: Foreign population by nationality group and gender
- ↑ Bremen small-scale information system at www.statistik-bremen.de - Table 255-60: Unemployed according to selected groups of people and unemployment rate
- ↑ Law Gazette 2013 No. 22. landesportal.bremen.de, April 24, 2013, accessed on April 24, 2013 .
- ↑ § 36 Local Law on Advisory Boards and Local Offices. transparenz.bremen.de, accessed on April 14, 2016 .
- ^ Christiane Rossner: The last corner . Shortly before completion: House Schumacher in Bremen-Oberneuland. In: German Foundation for Monument Protection (Hrsg.): Monuments . Magazine for monument culture in Germany. No. 5 . Monuments publications, 2017, ISSN 0941-7125 , p. 30, 31 .
- ↑ Architecture Guide Bremen: b.zb: 152
- ↑ Architecture Guide Bremen: b.zb: 146
- ↑ Architecture Guide Bremen: b.zb: 339
- ↑ Architecture Guide Bremen: b.zb: 151
- ↑ Architecture Guide Bremen: b.zb: 150
- ↑ Architecture Guide Bremen: b.zb: 274
- ↑ Architecture Guide Bremen: b.zb: 164
Districts: Mitte (Bremen) | Ports (Bremen) | Neustadt (Bremen) | Obervieland | Huchting (Bremen) | Woltmershausen | Eastern suburbs | Schwachhausen | Vahr | Horn Lehe | Oberneuland | Osterholz (Bremen) | Findorff (Bremen) | Walle (Bremen) | Groepelingen | Burglesum | Vegesack | Blumenthal (Bremen) . Districts: Seehausen (Bremen) | Strom (Bremen) | Borgfeld | Hemelingen | Blockland .