Heinrich Müller (architect, 1819)

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Heinrich Müller (born February 2, 1819 in Bremen - Oberneuland ; † March 8, 1890 in Bremen) was a German architect .

Portrait of Müller at the age of 21 by the Bremen portrait painter August Wilhelm Wedeking

biography

Müller, the son of a lime burner, attended grammar school and completed an apprenticeship as a bricklayer, and from 1838 he studied with Friedrich Bürklein , who was only a few years older than Friedrich von Gärtner , for two years in Munich . He then moved to the Berlin Building Academy , where he worked for a year under the direction of Heinrich Strack . After the fire in Hamburg in 1842, he worked there for two years in Chauteauneuf's studio before he also realized his first independent buildings in Hamburg. In 1849 he returned to his hometown Bremen and immediately received the major order for the Bremerhaven emigration center . He planned and realized many representative residential and commercial buildings in and around Bremen in the style of the architectural fashion of the time, initially as late classicist buildings, then in historicism as Tudor Gothic or Neo-Renaissance . His works included the Ludwig von Kapff wine shop , the conversion of the former cathedral school on Domsheide for the artists' association, Villa Wätjen , the house of Franz Schütte , the Neue Börse on Bremen's market square , the Rembertikirche and the design for the redesign of Hillmanns Hotel am Herdentor in Bremen. Due to the war, only a few of his buildings have survived. The New Stock Exchange (Kaliningrad) is one of the rebuilt buildings .

In 1856, Müller was one of the founders of the artists' association in Bremen , of which he became president about twelve years later and then stayed until his death with a brief interruption. He was married, had two daughters and had lived at Rembertikirchhof in Bremen since 1859. First in No. 8, then from 1862 in No. 22 with a view of the choir of the Remberti Church, which he built between 1868 and 1870.

He was buried in the Riensberg cemetery in Bremen (grave location W 53/54). On the tombstone it says: “Erected by a friend to the memory of the master of architecture.” The date of death is March 9th 1890 on the tombstone, but the literature indicates March 8th. Müller was a member of the Hamburg Artists' Association from 1832 .

Buildings and designs

Building of the Ludwig von Kapff wine shop, 1852, photo 1907
Villa Lürman, Contrescarpe 21, 1866
First renovation of the artists' association 1869–1874, photo 1874
New Königsberg Stock Exchange, 1870–1875
Hillmanns Hotel, reconstruction by Heinrich Müller in 1890, photo around 1900
  • 1847–1848: Contrescarpe residential group 122–124 / Am Wandrahm (formerly No. 84a-e)
  • 1849: Bremerhaven emigration center (barracks from 1871, Karlsburg brewery from 1892 , demolished in 1982/1985 when some parts were taken over for the new Bremerhaven University of Applied Sciences )
  • 1850–1852: Building of the Ludwig von Kapff wine shop in Bremen, near the Great Weser Bridge , Wachtstrasse 43 (destroyed in 1944)
  • 1852: Group of houses on Rosenplatz, Contrescarpe 125–132 (formerly No. 85a-g)
  • 1854: Competition design for the Votive Church in Vienna
  • 1857: Lehnhof of Consul Theodor Lürman in Neu-Schönebeck
  • 1857: Reconstruction of the refectory of the cathedral monastery for the artists' association on the Domsheide
  • 1857–1860: Reconstruction of the south aisle of the Church of Our Lady
  • 1858: Villa Christian Heinrich Wätjen , Bleicherstraße 35, later Osterdeich 2
  • 1858: Residential and commercial building Domshof 29 / Unser Lieben Frauen Kirchhof 2–3
  • 1858–1864: Wätjens castle of the shipowner Christian Heinrich Wätjen , Landrat-Christians-Straße 5F in Bremen-Blumenthal ( Tudor Gothic , with octagonal tower)
  • 1858–1864: "Parking garage" in Wätjens Park in Bremen-Blumenthal, Landrat-Christians-Straße ( attributed to Müller , demolished)
  • 1859: Evangelical Church of St. Johann in Bremen-Oberneuland (neo-Gothic)
  • around 1860: Johannes Eduard Grosse's house, Contrescarpe 118, later renovation for P. Rickmers by Runge
  • around 1860: Conversion of the residential building Hermann Henrich Meier , later Grommé, Schillerstraße 34 / Contrescarpe 77
  • 1861–1864: New stock exchange on Bremen market square, Am Dom 5A (in the style of the Italian early renaissance; destroyed in 1943 except for Börsenhof A with a large staircase)
  • 1862: Villa Philipp Richard Fritze, Osterdeich 3 (demolished; the former coach house and car depot, Bleicherstraße 31; in 1979 converted into a house by the architect Manfred Schomers for himself)
  • from 1863: houses on the Osing and house for Captain Warneke in Vegesack , Weserstraße 26 and 26A (late classical)
  • 1863: Villa Eduard Büsing, Mozartstrasse 15 / Osterdeich 4
  • 1865: Fixed structures for the Second German Federal Shooting on the Bürgerweide
  • 1865: Villa "Haus Blumenkamp" for the banker Wolde in Bremen-St. Magnus, Billungstraße (attributed to Müller because of the H-shaped floor plan, similar to "Parkhaus" in Wätjens Park and Rauchs Gut)
  • 1866: Villa Stephan August Lürman, Contrescarpe 21 / Meinkenstraße (preserved)
  • 1866: Conversion and extension of the Contrescarpe 22/24 house for Consul Johannes Theodor Lürman
  • 1867–1868: Kattenesch estate for the Bremen merchant and Royal Dutch Consul General Gerhard Heinrich Roessingh
  • 1868: Joseph Johann Arnold Hachez house, Contrescarpe 20 (replaced by an apartment house around 1970)
  • 1868–1870: Rembertikirche in Bremen, Rembertikirchhof (neo-Gothic, destroyed in 1942)
  • 1870: Aschenburg, Hinter der Mauer 1A, as a residential building with an office for businessman Christoph Friedrich Lahusen
  • 1870: Georg F. Melchers house, Contrescarpe 67, Richtweg 35 (demolished for the House of the Reich )
  • 1869–1876: Demolition of the old cathedral monastery and construction of new halls for the artists' association as well as construction of the chapter house with business premises facing the Domsheide
  • 1868: Carl Melcher's house, Contrescarpe 112 (rear entrance at Georgstrasse 5)
  • 1870–1875: New stock exchange in Königsberg (Prussia)
  • 1871: Rauch's estate for Johann Rauch in Bremen, Richthofenstrasse 70
  • 1874: Renovation of the house of the company "Museum", Domshof 21 / Schüsselkorb 30 (destroyed in 1944)
  • 1875: Senator Wilhelm Nielsen's house, Contrescarpe 100A (destroyed)
  • 1876: Landhaus Johannes Fritze in Bremen-Vegesack, Weserstraße 74 (used as the Vegesack local office after the Second World War)
  • 1877: Villa Niemann, Schwachhauser Heerstraße 24 (today pension scheme of the Bremen Medical Association)
  • 1877–1879: Blumenthal Evangelical Reformed Church with parish hall, Landrat-Christians-Straße 80
  • 1877: Johannes Fritze house and office of WA Fritze & Co. , Am Wall 154/156 (rebuilt as Securitas house in 1950, heavily modified)
  • 1878: Residence Senator Johannes Achelis (Imperial Russian Vice Consul, in the company Johs. Achelis & Sons ), Am Dobben 27 (destroyed)
  • 1880um: Villa Joseph Hachez, authorized signatory and partner in the shipping company DH Wätjen, Landrat-Christians-Straße 110 (former Langestraße; demolished around 1975 for an administration building of the Bremer Vulkan )
  • 1880: C. Melchers & Co. office building, Knochenhauerstraße 42/44
  • 1880: Lodge house of the "Friedrich Wilhelm zur Eintracht" lodge, Sögestraße 16, Am Wall 145 (destroyed)
  • 1881: Competition design for an infirmary in Bremen (awarded 2nd prize)
  • 1881: House for Franz Schütte , Kohlhökerstraße 29 (demolished)
  • 1882: Extension of the Red Cross Club Hospital, Neustadtswall / Osterstraße
  • 1883: Ludwig von Kapff house, Osterdeich 53
  • 1885: Six project variants for the new construction of Bremen Central Station
  • 1887: Development of the competition program for the renovation of the Bremen Cathedral , together with the architects Wilhelm Below, Johann Georg Poppe and Christian Bummerstedt
  • 1890: Draft for the extension and redesign of the facade of Hillmanns Hotel in Bremen, Herdentorsteinweg 51 / Hillmannplatz (original building by Christoph Polzin in 1846, destroyed in 1944)

Buildings in the Bremer Bürgerpark

Dairy in the Bürgerpark, 1880, picture postcard 1899
Melchersbrücke in the Bürgerpark, 1881–1883
Lookout tower in the Bürgerpark
  • 1867: First coffee house on Emmasee , called "Zelt", replaced in 1897 by a new building
  • 1868: Emmabank on the Emmasee
  • 1878: Niemitz fountain
  • 1880: dairy farm
  • 1881–1883: Melchersbrücke
  • 1882: dairy villa with round barn
  • 1884: Rear extension with staircase to the office building ( Schweizerhaus ) of the Bürgerpark director
  • 1886: Hornbeam arbor
  • 1889: observation tower (destroyed)

Tombs

Tomb of the Christian Heinrich Wätjen family, 1887

See also

literature

  • Dr. H. Kasten: Speech at the memorial ceremony of the artist association for Heinrich Müller on March 27, 1890, in: Weser-Zeitung of March 29, 1890, morning edition
  • Friedrich Wilhelm Rauschenberg: Heinrich Müller (Nekrolog), in: Zentralblatt der Bauverwaltung 1890, p. 132
  • Eduard Gildemeister: Das Wohnhaus, in: Bremen and his buildings (edited and edited by the Architects and Engineers Association), Bremen 1900, pp. 408–474, here: 415–426 (Heinrich Müller)
  • Wilhelm von Bippen :  Müller, Heinrich (architect) . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 52, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1906, pp. 504-506.
  • Eduard Gildemeister: Heinrich Müller, in: Bremische Biographie des 19. Jahrhundert, 1912, pp. 345–349
  • Gustav Brandes: The old master of the Bremen building artists, in: Lower Saxony 24 (1918/19) 8, pp. 104-107
  • Nils Aschenbeck : Bremen 1860-1945. A photographic foray. 3rd edition, Edition Temmen , Bremen 2002, ISBN 3-86108-286-1 .
  • Andreas Schulz: Guardianship and Protection, Munich 2002, pp. 696–698
  • Herbert Black Forest : The Great Bremen Lexicon . 2nd, updated, revised and expanded edition. Edition Temmen, Bremen 2003, ISBN 3-86108-693-X .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Bremen State Archives, building file, call number 4,125 / 1- 1781-83
  2. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac Architects and Engineers Association (ed.): Bremen and its buildings . Karl Schünemann, Bremen 1900 (242, 244-245, 249, 280-285, 310-315, 318-321, 328, 340, 393, 415-426, 480, 482, 572-573, 585-586; Fig. 223, 226-228, 264-266, 295-297, 299-302, 306-313, 323, 395-396, 437-458, 469-470, 482).
  3. ^ A b Hugo Licht (ed.): Architecture of Germany. Overview of the most outstanding constructions of modern times . tape 1 . Ernst Wasmuth, Berlin 1882, p. Bl. 56, 57, 82, 83 .
  4. ^ Eduard Gildemeister: Heinrich Müller. In: Bremen biography of the 19th century. 1912, pp. 345-349.
  5. ↑ Arendt and Gerhard Schmolze: At the Lesum. Bremen 1985, p. 223, fig. 222.
  6. ↑ Uwe Bölts: The building history of the Liebfrauenkirche. In: Diemar von Reeken (Ed.): Our love women. Bremen 2002, pp. 190–191.
  7. ^ Wilhelm Lührs: The Domshof. Bremen 1979, p. 213, p. 217-218
  8. ↑ Gustav Brandes: From the gardens of an old Hanseatic city. 1939, pp. 138-143, figs. 122-123.
  9. ^ Wolfgang Brönner: The bourgeois villa in Germany 1830-1890. Düsseldorf 1987, pp. 156–158, figs. 264–265.
  10. ↑ Hans Wätjen: Wätjen's former country house in Blumenthal. In: Bremen houses tell history, Volume 2. 2001, pp. 147–160.
  11. ↑ Ulf Fiedler, Bernhard Havighorst: The old Blumenthal in pictures. Bremen 1982, fig. 226–238.
  12. ^ F .: The new stock exchange in Bremen. In: Deutsche Bauzeitung , 5th year 1871, p. 169–171, p. 173, p. 177–178, p. 181, p. 193–195.
  13. ↑ Rudolf Stein: Classicism and Romanticism in the Architecture of Bremen, II. 1965, pp. 103-104, Figs. 107 and 111.
  14. ↑ Rudolf Stein: Classicism and Romanticism in the Architecture of Bremen, I. 1964, pp. 476–482, figs. 452–454.
  15. ↑ Rudolf Stein: Classicism and Romanticism in the Architecture of Bremen, I. 1964, p. 482, fig. 454–459.
  16. ↑ Rudolf Stein: Classicism and Romanticism in the Architecture of Bremen, II. 1965, p. 352, p. 354, fig. 386.
  17. ↑ Bremisches Jahrbuch , Vol. 78 (1999), page 20.
  18. ^ Albert Hofmann : On the artistic design of the structural center of Bremen. In: Deutsche Bauzeitung , 53rd year 1919, pp. 545–547, pp. 549–556.
  19. ^ F .: House of Mr. C. Melchers in Bremen. In: Deutsche Bauzeitung , Volume 6, 1872, No. 7, pp. 49–50, p. 53.
  20. ^ Villas and country houses. Berlin 1885, plate 25.
  21. ↑ NN: A limited competition for designs for an infirmary in Bremen. In: Deutsche Bauzeitung , Volume 15, 1881, No. 12, p. 72.
  22. ↑ Rolf Kirsch: The Bremen Central Station in the context of the metropolitan railway stations of historicism. In: Preservation of monuments in Bremen , issue 13, pp. 101-102.
  23. ↑ Hans-Christoph Hoffmann: The preservation of St. Petri Cathedral in Bremen in the 19th century. Bremen 2007, p. 62.
  24. ↑ Bremen State Archives, building files, call number 4,125 / 1 - 4192
  25. ↑ Schwarzwälder, Herbert: "Countess" Emma von Lesum and the "Bremer Krüppel", historical truth - legend - poetry = ° Jahrbuch der Wittheit 18 (1974), p. 387ff.
  26. ↑ Beate Mielsch: Monuments, free sculptures, Brunnen, 1980, pp. 35, 52; Fig. 59
  27. ^ Villas and country houses, Berlin 1885, plate 14
  28. ^ Rudolf Stein: Classicism and Romanticism in the Architecture of Bremen II, 1965, pp. 241–242
  29. ↑ Werner Damke: The Swiss house in the Bürgerpark, in: Bremer houses tell history, Vol. 1, 1998, pp. 49–56

Web links

Commons : Heinrich Müller  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files
personal data
SURNAME Müller, Heinrich
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German architect
DATE OF BIRTH February 2, 1819
PLACE OF BIRTH Bremen - Oberneuland
DATE OF DEATH March 8, 1890
Place of death Bremen - Oberneuland