Contrescarpe (Bremen)
Contrescarpe | |
---|---|
Street in Bremen | |
Basic data | |
city | Bremen |
district | center |
Created | Street from the 18th / 19th century Century |
Cross streets | Hohenpfad, Meinkenstraße, Kohlhökerstraße , President-Kennedy-Platz , Fedellisten, Rembertistraße, Richtweg, Rudolf-Hilferding-Platz , Herdentorsteinweg , Birkenstraße, Bürgermeister-Smidt-Straße , Rosenplatz, Am Wandrahm |
Buildings | Contrescarpe residential complex , Contrescarpe 21 and 22 , House of the Reich , Siemens high-rise , Contrescarpe-Center , Hotel on Hillmannplatz |
use | |
User groups | Cars, partly only bicycles and pedestrians |
Road design | single lane road or path |
Technical specifications | |
Street length | 1900 meters |
The Contrescarpe is a historic street in Bremen-Mitte . The road leads in an east-west direction past the Bremen ramparts to the south .
The cross streets were u. a. named Hohenpfad after an old dam leading to the Ostertor, Meinkenstraße after the original name Meyenstrate (1344), Kohlhökerstraße after the cabbage and vegetable farmers (hawk = sell), Fedellisten after the waters of Widel (1159), Rembertistraße after Archbishop Rembert (830– 888), Richtweg (?), Herdentorsteinweg after Herdentor, Birkenstraße 1859 after the Birken , Bürgermeister-Smidt-Straße 1945 after Mayor Johann Smidt , Rosenplatz , Am Wandrahm 1906 after the wall frames of the dyers that used to be there .
history
city wall
In the Middle Ages, a city wall surrounded Bremen's old town on the land side . In front of it there was a wall ditch with a Contrescarpe , i.e. a ditch border on the opposite side, accompanied by a straight path at the time. The city wall was expanded at the beginning of the 16th century.
Fortification
Increasing cannons made it necessary to completely rebuild the Bremen fortification system. This happened to the right of the Weser from 1601 through the construction of bastions . The moat was given its zigzag shape, which is still recognizable today.
Ramparts
The Bremen ramparts on the fortifications were built from 1802 to 1811 according to plans by Christian Ludwig Bosse and Isaak Altmann . In 1803 the Contrescarpe road was therefore expanded.
Development in the 19/20. century
As early as 1803, Senator Johann Smidt , later Bremen's famous mayor, built his war-torn residence at Contrescarpe 25. The Contrescarpe was built with detached single-family houses until the 1840s. From 1850, more detached or semi-detached houses were built. In the course of the building eras, the style of the mostly plastered houses changed, which at the turn of the century were also designed with yellow or red clinker bricks.
By 1931, Nordwolle built its headquarters on the Contrescarpe according to plans by the brothers Hermann and Eberhard Gildemeister . After the bankruptcy of Nordwolle, the financial administration of the German Reich took over the building and it was named Haus des Reichs . It is used today by the Bremen tax authorities.
Due to the severe destruction in the Second World War , no older buildings have been preserved in the western part of the Contrescarpe.
After the demolition (1971) of the single-storey, provisional Hillmannpassage in 1949, the hotel on Hillmannplatz with a front facing the Contrescarpe was built according to plans by Gerkan, Marg and Partners (Hamburg) by 1985 . Here is the gourmet restaurant and bistro Grashoff , lingered in the often Viktor von Bulow, known as a cartoonist , director and actor Loriot .
In 2012, KPS Grundstück GmbH built a seven-storey office, commercial and bank building on Contrescarpe, on the corner of Herdentorsteinweg , based on plans by Oswald Mathias Ungers (Cologne).
structure
The Contrescarpe is divided into areas from east to west
- Ostertorsteinweg to President-Kennedy-Platz : access road, 2-3-gesch. Buildings
- President- Kennedy- Platz to Rudolf-Hilferding- Platz / Herdentorsteinweg: Parkweg, 5/6-gesch. Buildings
- Herdentorsteinweg / Loriotplatz / Hillmannplatz to Bürgermeister-Smidt-Straße: Parkweg, 5-storey. Buildings
- Bürgermeister-Smidt-Straße to Daniel-von-Büren-Straße : Parkweg, 4/5-gesch. Buildings, mostly residential buildings
- Then to the west is the Doventorcontrescarpe, with the six-storey vocational training center Bremen (BBZ) built in 1954 according to plans by Hans Krajewski .
Buildings and facilities
Worth mentioning include:
- Bremen ramparts from 1803 to 1811, listed
- Contrescarpe / corner of Ostertorsteinweg: 4-storey. Investment pulse-Eck from 1955, designed by Martin Zill
- No. 8 to 36/37: Listed residential complex Contrescarpe : 2- to 4-storey. Residential and office buildings from around 1850 to around 1900 based on plans by architects Andreas Weiland, Albert Dunkel , Lüder Rutenberg , Heinrich Müller , Rudolf Alexander Schröder , Johann Averdieck and Eduard Gildemeister, among others .
- No. 8: This was from 1948 to 1951, the small theater or theater in the house of Günther Huster .
- No. 8c: The Hanseatic Higher Regional Court of Bremen was located here from 1950 to 1957 .
- No. 19: The wife of the sugar plantation owner Paul Isenberg and patron Beta Isenberg lived here from 1879 to 1933 . The Institut français Bremen has been located here since the 1950s .
- Contrescarpe 21 and 22 : Single-storey, classicist original building from 1822 for the merchant and elderly Theodor Gerhard Lürman based on plans by Jacob Ephraim Polzin ; two-storey conversion from 1866 according to plans by Heinrich Müller; Another renovation from 1904 for the banker Johann Georg Wolde; frequent changes of ownership, in 1939 the city of Bremen, since 1954 the seat of the Senator for the Interior.
- No. 25: 1803 mayor Smidt's country house; 1914 to 1920 residence of the writer Bernhardine Schulze-Smidt
- Contrescarpe 26: Mayor Smidt School as a primary school from 1957 based on plans by Erik Schott
- No. 27: Contrescarpe 27 house from 1852
- No. 32: Villa Johann Smidt from 1891 based on plans by Eduard Gildemeister ; today the headquarters of a shipping company founded in 1993.
- Rembertistraße 1A corner Contrescarpe: 3-storey. Residential house at Rembertistraße 1A from 1846 based on plans by Rutenberg
- Contrescarpe / President-Kennedy-Platz: Former American Consulate General from 1954 based on plans by Skidmore, Owings and Merrill , today the main administrative headquarters of BLG.
- The sculpture Romari from 1997 by the sculptor Robert Schad is on President-Kennedy-Platz / Contrescarpe.
- Contrescarpe / Rudolf-Hilferding-Platz : House of the Reich from 1931 based on plans by the Gildemeister brothers
- No. 72: 61 meter high Siemens skyscraper (Bremen) from 1965 based on plans by Max Säum and Th. Siegfried A. Morschel ; after 1997 use by the Bremen authorities (construction, social affairs)
- No. 74: This is where Ed's house stood from 1890 to 1944. Wätjen based on plans by Albert Dunkel and Eduard Gildemeister .
- No. 75a / Herdentorsteinweg 1: Contrescarpe-Center of KPS Grundstück GmbH from 2006 for the Sparda-Bank and Credit Suisse according to plans by Ungers
- No. 79: It said before 1875 to? the villa of consul Edwin Adalbert Oelrichs based on plans by Johann Georg Poppe
- No. 80 / Loriot-Platz: Swisshotel, formerly a hotel on Hillmannplatz from 1985 based on plans by Gerkan, Marg and Partners
- Bronze sculpture from 2016 in the style of a typical Loriot drawing based on the cover picture of Loriot's great advisor (1983) by Roman Strobl ; Painting by Patrick Przewloka
- Documenta 2 - From the Museum des Steins, Granitstein (1988) by Ulrich Rückriem
- No. 91 and Birkenstrasse 38–48: 5/6 ed. Residential and commercial buildings
- Contrescarpe / Birkenstraße 34: Consul Hackfeld House from 1955 based on plans by Friedrich Schumacher , also the seat of the YMCA
- No. 103 to 111: 5-ed. Residential houses
- No. 105–110: Housing complex from 1955 based on plans by Rolf Störmer and Behérycz
- Contrescarpe / corner of Bürgermeister-Smidt-Straße 63–69: 12-gesch. Residential high-rise
- No. 117 to 123 and wall frame 38–38: 5/6 sh. Residential houses
- No. 118: The Johannes Eduard Grosse house, based on plans by Heinrich Müller , stood here from around 1860 to around 1944
- No. 120: Emilie Bendel's school was located here in 1870/73
- Contrescarpe / Am Wandrahm 40/43: 6-ply DKV residence and Rosencafé, in front of it the Rosenplatz
- No. 137: The house of Lloyd director Phillipp Heineken was here from after 1900 to before 1944 (not preserved).
- No. 139 to 144: 4/5 cut. Residential houses
- Contrescarpe at the corner of Daniel-von-Büren-Straße (formerly Bürenstraße): This is where the Nielsen fountain stood from 1872 to 1931
See also
literature
- Eberhard Syring: Bremen and its buildings - 1950–1979 . Schünemann Verlag, Bremen 2014, ISBN 978-3-944552-30-9 .
- Karolin Bubke: The Bremen city wall. Written tradition and archaeological findings from a medieval fortification structure. Bremen State Archive, Bremen 2007, ISBN 978-3-925729-48-5 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Monument database of the LfD Bremen
- ↑ Monument database of the LfD Bremen
- ↑ Monument database of the LfD Bremen
- ^ Architects and engineers association (ed.): Bremen and his buildings 1900. Schünemann, Bremen 1900.
Web links
Coordinates: 53 ° 4 ′ 47.21 " N , 8 ° 48 ′ 39.6" E