Blockland
| District of Bremen Blockland |
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| Basic data | rank | |
| Surface: | 30.304 km² | 1/23 |
| Residents : | 415 | 22/23 |
| Population density : | 14 inhabitants per km² | 23/23 |
| Proportion of foreigners: | 4.1% | 22/23 |
| Unemployment rate: | 6.1% | 18/23 |
| Coordinates : | 53 ° 9 ' N , 8 ° 48' E | |
| District: | Blockland | |
| Height : | 1 m above sea level NN | |
| Postcodes : | 28357, 28719 | |
| District : | west | |
| Local office : | Blockland | |
| Website: | Blockland local office | |
| All area information as of December 31, 2014. All demographic information as of December 31, 2016. |
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The Blockland is a district of Bremen and belongs directly - without a district level - to the Bremen city district West.
Geography and local areas
The blockland is a landscape that is predominantly made up of flat marshland with a height of 0.7 to 1.8 m above sea level. NN is coined. It belongs to the Wümmen lowlands . Without dikes, large areas would be flooded with every flood. The district is bounded to the north and west by the lower reaches (tidal waters) of the Wümme and the Lesum , to the south-west by the Maschinenfleet or the A 27 motorway and the Bremen dune and to the south-east by the Kuhgraben . The eastern part between the Südwenje way and the Kuhgraben is called Wetterung (in this case no water designation).
The neighboring districts are Horn-Lehe in the east, Findorff in the south-east , Walle and Gröpelingen in the south, Burglesum in the south and west and the communities Ritterhude in the north and Lilienthal in the north-east.
The blockland includes the historic villages or districts Bavendamm, Damme with the Dammsiel (today divided into Wummensiede and Niederblockland), Hemme (disappeared as a place name), Niederblockland, Oberblockland, Wasserhorst, Wemme (disappeared) and Wummensiede.
Nowadays most of the residential buildings stand on Wurten , which are connected by the dyke at Wümme and Hamme. Few new houses are in the march just behind the dike. There is also the inhabited Wurt Bavendamm as well as four Wurten along Blocklander Hemmstraße , three of which are inhabited. Along that street there are also groups of allotment gardens, the arbors of which have been converted into permanent dwellings, so-called quay houses .
The blockland has a rural appearance with moist meadows and exclusively grassland management .
Politics, administration
Advisory Board
The Blockland Advisory Board meets regularly and usually in public. The advisory board is composed of the representatives of the political parties or individual candidates directly elected at the district level. The advisory board elections take place every four years, at the same time as the elections for the Bremen citizenship . The advisory board discusses all matters of the district that are of public interest , and makes decisions on this, which are passed on to the administration, the state government and the citizens of the city. He forms specialist committees for his work. The advisory board has its own budget for district-related measures.
Local office
The Blockland local office has been a local administrative authority since 1946. It supports the advisory board in its political work. It is intended to participate in all local tasks that are of public interest. It is led by an honorary local office manager proposed by the advisory board and confirmed by the Senate.
The head of the local office is Heiner Schumacher (as of 12th 2013).
history
Surname
With the landscape cultivation in the Middle Ages, the area was divided into blocks by ditches, from which the name "Blockland" arose.
The village of Hemm was called “Wallerehem” in 1139 and “Hemme” in 1179. The name (also for the Hemmstrasse) is reminiscent of the Hemm estate (1385: tho dem Hemme ). It means higher land.
Wumme or Wemme stands for the river Wümme and Dammsiel is the place where a sewer was built on the dam at the confluence of the Kleine Wümme and the Große Wümme .
Cultivation in the Middle Ages
Before cultivation, Germanic hunters and fishermen settled on the Wasserhorster dune in the blockland.
From 1113 onwards the cultivation of the blockland and the so-called Hollerland took place by Dutchmen on behalf of the Archbishop of Bremen . The construction of ditches, dikes and sluices now determined the appearance of this marshland . At the same time, the Hemmstrasse and the Waller Strasse on both sides of the Kleine Wümme were created as the first connections into the blockland.
Block country was as a medieval court unit an Goh . The gohgraves were elected by the country folk and, from the 14th century, through the participation of the Bremen council . In 1598 the Gohe Blockland and Hollerland were united. In 1811 the constitution was repealed.
The parish church Wasserhorst was built in the 12./13. Century. It was also the local court. In Hemme, which belonged to the parish of Wasserhorst, there was a small chapel in the 14th century.
The blockland was first mentioned in 1235, the former villages of Hemme in 1139, Wemme and Damme in 1299. In the Middle Ages, these villages were abandoned because the water level had risen so much that settlement in the blockland was only possible directly on the dikes. However, along the Kleine Wümme there are still four inhabited individual wurten (including three on Blocklander Hemmstrasse) and the wurt of the farm chapel, which is only used as a storage place .
The still existing Dammsiel was built in the Wümmedeich at the confluence of the Kleine Wümme in the Große Wümme , near the village of Damme. It was first mentioned in 1299. The Dammsiel lock has been renewed several times. She was maintained by the villages of the Blockland and Hollerland.
The Modern Age
In 1741 the block land came to the Electorate of Hanover . From 1803 the blockland was back in Bremen. From 1743 the Protestant, baroque parish church in Wasserhorst was built. In 1812 the area had 419 inhabitants. In 1835 a pitcher was opened in Dammsiel, where the peat boatmen stopped.
The river bed of the Wümme increased steadily in the 19th century. More severe floods were the result. The wind-powered pumps could no longer cope with the amount of water.
The Blockland sewage association was founded by the Bremen law for the formation of an association for sewage from 1858 . In 1864 the Blockland drainage facility was opened between Wasserhorst and Burg. The largest and most powerful system of its time therefore became known in Europe. The blockland now remains flood-free in the summer months.
From 1878 it was no longer the individual farmers residing on the dike who were responsible for maintaining their dyke section, but all landowners who were compulsorily united in the dyke association .
The Wümmedeich broke through the storm surge of 1880/81. The dikes of the Weser and Wümme were then reinforced.
In 1905 the blockland had 410 inhabitants. In 1910 the cooperative for the irrigation of the blockland with Bremen canal water was founded. Silting to improve soil quality was carried out until the early 1960s.
The Wümmedeich dikes were given a gravel or asphalt surface around 1920, and the driving ban that still applies today was then issued.
The Blockland Volunteer Fire Brigade was founded in 1939.
The rural community of Blockland was incorporated into Bremen in 1945 and received a local office as a district in 1946. In 1966, Blockland had 654 residents.
Since 1966, the Bremen Ice Club has been organizing the flooding of the meadows for ice-skating on the Semkenfahrt (a main ditch in the ditch system) in winter .
A working group for blockland research began in 1968 with a botanical inventory. The outer dike area of the Wümme became a nature reserve in 1991 .
The one-class school in Blockland was closed in 1968. The inauguration of the Lesum barrage in 1979 also protects the blockland from storm surges. The sewer system of the machine fleet with the Wasserhorst pumping station received a new building 200 m northeast of the old system in 1986.
Population development
- 1813: 263 inhabitants
- 1905: 410 inhabitants
- 1966: 654 inhabitants
- 1995: 376 inhabitants
- 2007: 416 inhabitants
Culture and sights
Buildings
- The Protestant, baroque parish church of Wasserhorst dates from 1743. The simple brick nave has a gable roof . The three-story, square west tower is much older and has a tent roof .
- The one to two-story, red-stone-faced vicarage Wasserhorst was built in 1901/02 according to plans by Johann Lürssen.
- The Kropp farm , Wummensiede 8, is from the 17th century. An inscription from 1682 names the Krop family as owners, who still own the farm today. The thatched main building, a Low German hall building , has the usual division into a hall, flett (open kitchen-living room) and chamber area.
Nature and leisure
The dike with a view of the Wümme reed belt and the blockland are popular excursion destinations for cyclists, skaters and walkers. In the area are
- the 148.5 hectare nature reserve Untere Wümme and
- the 29.6 hectare nature reserve Kuhgrabensee .
A number of excursion restaurants can be found mostly on the Wümme:
- Gasthof Dammsiel , Niederblockland 32
- Gartelmanns Gasthof , Oberblockland 14
- Restaurant Kuhsiel at the Kuhgrabenschleuse, Oberblockland 2
- Puszta-Stube Janosch , Oberblockland 5
- Wümmeblick-Höftdeich 11 on the Lilienthaler Wümmeseite
- Restaurant Zur Schleuse on the Lilienthaler Wümmeseite at Truperdeich 35
Public facilities
General
- The Blockland local office, Niederblockland 18
- The Findorff Police Station , Fürther Straße 43/45, is also responsible for the blockland.
- The Blockland volunteer fire brigade in the former Niederblockland 32a police station has existed since the 1950s.
- The district has had no school since 1968.
Contrary to the name, the blockland landfill with the highest point in Bremen is not administratively located in the blockland, but separated from it by the Kleine Wümme in the Hohweg district of the Walle district .
Social affairs and clubs
- The kindergarten of the Protestant parish Wasserhorst am Blockland, Wasserhorst 12b
- The Heimatverein in the village community center wants to preserve the traditional forms through cultural and social events and u. a. also maintain the Low German language.
- The Landjugend Blockland organizes projects and activities such as canoe trips, bike tours, city trips, 72-hour events, water skiing, Christmas parties, parties or theater plays.
church
- The Protestant parish Wasserhorst am Blockland, Wasserhorst 12b
traffic
- The Blockland is accessed by a road on the dyke at Wümme and Hamme from Lehester Deich to Burggrambke, which can only be used by cyclists and residents. The Kuhgrabenweg along the Kuhgraben , which borders the district to the east, as well as two streets that reach the street on the dyke at Dammsiel, the Blocklander Hemmstraße along the Kleine Wümme from Findorff and the Waller Straße from Walle, have the same status . The only main road that cuts through the area is the Ritterhuder Heerstraße coming from Oslebshausen and separating the northwestern Wasserhorst from its remaining parts.
- The A 27 motorway leads south past Blockland and has three exits in its vicinity: Bremen-Horn-Lehe , Bremen-Überseestadt near Hemmstrasse and Bremen-Industriehafen on Ritterhuder Heerstrasse into Blockland, and the Hemmstrasse can be reached through the exit .
- Apart from school buses, no public transport stops in the blockland. Buses from Bremen to Ritterhude that run on Ritterhuder Heerstraße stop on the north side of the Wümmebrücke. A BSAG bus stops in the Hochschulring at the southern end of Blocklander Hemmstrasse. There is a tram connection (University and Borgfelder Heerstraße) more than one and a half kilometers from Kuhsiel.
- The approximately 300 km long Wümme cycle path leads from Bremen-Vegesack over the Wümmedeiche from the Blockland and Borgfeld and on to the Lüneburg Heath .
- Blocklander Hemmstraße and Kuhgraben can be reached from downtown Bremen by bike or on foot through the Bürgerpark .
- The peat barge rides through the Teufelsmoor on the Wümme, Hamme and Lesum .
See also
literature
- Herbert Black Forest : The Great Bremen Lexicon . 2nd, updated, revised and expanded edition. Edition Temmen, Bremen 2003, ISBN 3-86108-693-X .
- Wilhelm Olbers Focke : To the knowledge of the blockland near Bremen . In: Bremisches Jahrbuch, Volume 3 . Bremen 1868, pp. 159–178.
- Georg Garbade: home history of the blockland . Heimatverein Blockland (Ed.).
- Heinrich Hoops: History of the Bremen Blockland , 1927.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Bremen small-scale information system at www.statistik-bremen.de - Table 449-01: Floor area according to type of actual use
- ↑ Bremen small-scale information system at www.statistik-bremen.de - Table 173-01: Population by gender
- ↑ Bremen small-scale information system at www.statistik-bremen.de - Table 173-61: Foreign population by nationality group and gender
- ↑ Bremen small-scale information system at www.statistik-bremen.de - Table 255-60: Unemployed according to selected groups of people and unemployment rate
- ↑ Statistisches Jahrbuch 2017. statistik.bremen.de, p. 25 , accessed on April 2, 2018 (PDF).
- ↑ § 36 Local Law on Advisory Boards and Local Offices. transparenz.bremen.de, accessed on April 14, 2016 .
- ↑ Local offices. rathaus.bremen.de, accessed on November 21, 2014 .
- ↑ Blockland Volunteer Fire Brigade - From the beginning until today. blockland.de, accessed on November 21, 2014 .
- ↑ landfill. die-bremer-stadtreinigung.de, accessed on April 2, 2018 .
Districts: Mitte (Bremen) | Ports (Bremen) | Neustadt (Bremen) | Obervieland | Huchting (Bremen) | Woltmershausen | Eastern suburbs | Schwachhausen | Vahr | Horn Lehe | Oberneuland | Osterholz (Bremen) | Findorff (Bremen) | Walle (Bremen) | Groepelingen | Burglesum | Vegesack | Blumenthal (Bremen) . Districts: Seehausen (Bremen) | Strom (Bremen) | Borgfeld | Hemelingen | Blockland .