Uppe fear
Uppe fear | |
---|---|
Street in Bremen | |
Painting by Johann Heinrich Menken with the group of trees from the court of Uppe Angst in the foreground and the Gut Landruhe estate in the background | |
Basic data | |
city | Bremen |
district | Oberneuland |
Cross streets | Leher Heerstraße , Oberneulander Heerstraße , Schlehdornpfad , Richtepfad, Weißdornpfad |
Buildings | Rockwinkel High School |
use | |
User groups | Cars, bikes and pedestrians |
Road design | two lane road |
Technical specifications | |
Street length | 400 meters |
Uppe Angst ( Low German for 'Auf der Angst') was the court of Gohs Hollerland in Bremen from the end of the 12th to the end of the 17th centuryand today describes a street in the Bremen district of Oberneuland (on the border with Horn-Lehe ).
prehistory
In the 12th century, a group of settlers from Utrecht came to Bremen, to whom Archbishop Frederick I gave a previously uncultivated stretch of land east of Bremen, which they made arable with their experience in draining swampy soils. As a result, more Dutch settlers were recruited and large parts of the Bremen area were settled and cultivated in several stages of this so-called " Holler colonization ".
The goge dish
In 1181 Archbishop Siegfried I granted Dutch immigrants various privileges for the colonization of Overnigelant , such as the independent exercise of secular jurisdiction in their area. The District Court of Gohs Hollerland created in this way was convened every six weeks and was responsible for inheritance disputes, land issues and capital crimes . All members of the peasantry had to appear on the court days if the date had been announced in due time three days in advance. A fine of 8 shillings was imposed for late appearing, and a fine of 60 shillings was to be paid for starting a dispute or insulting others during negotiations. The gographer (judge) merely led the hearing, the actual judgment was made by a judge finder , a respected, mostly elderly member of the community, who sought the opinions of those present before the judgment was reached.
Alardus, called "von Bremen", from a family of ministers, was appointed the first gographer of the Hollerland in 1181 through direct enfeoffment from the archbishop. After that, the judge's office as an inheritance was held for a long time by the Bremen knight dynasty of the Monik (Monnik) or von der Helle (van der Helle), later the Goh was given the right to appoint one of the members of this family as the count of his own choosing. Lippold Hinrich, son of Monnik, 1400 Hinrich von der Helle and 1404 Conrad Clencke have been handed down. With the increasing influence of the Bremen council on the surrounding area, it was enforced from 1500 that a councilor was to be elected as a geographer.
The place of justice
The court hearings were held in the open air on the Rüten , a pasture on the border of the four parishes of Horn , Lehe , Rockwinkel and Oberneuland , in the immediate vicinity of the Schorf estate (later called Gut Landruhe ). There were four large oaks arranged in a rectangle, which formed the so-called "directional chair". Tables, chairs and benches were set up between the trees on the days of judgment, at which the gographer and the main participants took a seat. In the course of time, the name Uppe Angst became established for this site, even if the judgments were only spoken, not enforced - the Galgenberg in Walle served as the place of execution for death sentences in the Bremen area until 1811 . The Hollander court met regularly at this site until 1678, when it was moved to Bremen.
What remained
The trees
At the end of the 18th century there were still three of the four original oaks on the bench - as the contemporary painting by Johann Heinrich Menken from 1800 shows. These trees were felled “by unauthorized hands” in 1803, whereupon Mayor Christian Abraham Heineken had three new trees planted on April 7 of the same year. In 1909 these three oaks and two younger trees ( robinia ) stood here .
The memorial stone
On December 6, 1955, the monument curator Gustav Ulrich erected a memorial stone for the court, it bears the Low German inscription:
“Here weer in ole Tieden de Richtestede from that Hollanderlandsche Gogericht, that before de Karken ton Hoorn and to Overneeland is woorn. Mannicheen Bosewicht had his wages collared here. Dat Land in de Naberschub is waiting for the name Deeveskamp 'un in'n Volksmun'n heet düt Plack Eer vondage uppe Angst. "
“This place was the place of execution of the Hollland Gogericht, which was cherished in front of the churches in Horn and Oberneuland. Many a villain got their wages here. Neighboring corridors bore the name Diebeskamp, and the vernacular still calls this piece of earth Uppe Angst. "
The street names
In addition to the street name Uppe Angst (located at the intersection of Am Rüten , Leher Heerstraße and Oberneulander Heerstraße ), the neighboring names Richtepad ('Richtpfad') and Devekamp ('Diebesfeld') are reminiscent of the former court.
The legend
According to an old Bremen legend , the former gographer Doctor Schumacher, known as the “ blood judge ” or “blood writer”, who was particularly hated by the New Lander because of his unjust judgments and his corruption, is punished for his sins every year on the night of August 31st on September 1st with his head with red-hot eyes under his arm, scared to haunt Uppe .
See also
literature
- Sophie Hollanders: Oberneuland - pictures from old chests . Döll Verlag , Bremen 2005, ISBN 3-936289-49-2 .
- Ernst Dünzelmann: On the history of the Bremen rural area . In: Bremisches Jahrbuch , Volume 15. Bremen 1889, pp. 96–117.
- Michael Koppel: Horn-Lehe-Lexikon . Edition Temmen , Bremen 2012, ISBN 978-3-8378-1029-5 .
Individual evidence
- ^ Fritz Peters: Twelve Years of Bremen . Bremen 1976, p. 404 (this source names the horticultural office as the responsible office)
Coordinates: 53 ° 5 '54 .4 " N , 8 ° 53' 48.4" E