Villa Epstein
The Villa Epstein or Villa Rainer is a villa planned by Otto Wagner for Gustav von Epstein in the Lower Austrian spa town of Baden . The villa is a listed building .
history
Gustav Ritter von Epstein (1827–1879), head of the Lazar Epstein banking house, had Otto Wagner erect the villa as a country house with outbuildings in place of a building that was not listed on the property until 1860 . The builder was forced to sell after the founders' crash in 1873, and in May 1874 the property went to Archduke Rainer (1827–1913), who used it for decades during the summer months and his widow, Archduchess Maria Karolina ( Marie Rainer ), on 17. Died July 1915 in the Rainer Villa .
The complex, built by the Baden city architect Gabriel Zimmermann (1813–1882), consisted of a main building, a porter's house, a glass house ( orangery ), a stable and farm building and a lounge .
The five-axis two- or (in three-axis central projection three-storey) Construction of a high, an early-in area of the main facade to a wide terrace base, has a flat roof provided pillars portikus . The ground floor and the first upper storey are characterized by pillar-flanked arched openings , the second upper storey of the central projecting through rectangular windows . The garden facade is also structured with five axes and decorated in the same way, but without a portico. The side facades are additively five-axis.
Otto Wagner (also construction manager of the Viennese Palais Epstein , 1868–71) created (influenced by Theophil Hansen , 1813–1891, among others ) with the new renaissance forms of strict historicism, a monumental, representative villa reproducing forms and motifs of palace construction . The clear interpenetration of two buildings is emphasized by the cubic forms and additionally emphasized by the flat roof.
After the death of Archduchess Marie, the Rainer Villa came, under inheritance law, to Archduchess Eleonora Maria (1886–1974), eldest daughter of Archduke Karl Stefan , who married in 1913 and widowed von Kloss until the end of her life took a significant part. In 1941 the property was divided: the front part with the main house was acquired by Enzesfelder Metallwerke AG (followed in 1961 by Enzesfelder Caro-Metallwerke), the rest remained with the Eleonora family (and Alfons) von Kloss. Since 1994 there has been an art gallery in the villa, which is also the owner of the property (main building, chapel, orangery).
Orangery
The glass house was built in 1867 at the same time as the main house and two auxiliary buildings (expanded in 1876) and, according to the construction act, was to contain a salon, two glass house rooms, a propagation house and a room for cultivating the greenhouse plants.
The triumphal arch-like central risalit with a round arch portal between double pillars is symmetrically flanked by the inclined glass fronts of the greenhouses. The portal of the glass house corresponds formally to the entrance of the villa and is almost on axis with it.
chapel
In 1875, Archduke Rainer had the approximately 44 m² neo-Romanesque private chapel built in the garden of Villa Epstein by architect Anton Hefft (1815–1900) and the Baden city master builder Franz Breyer (1828–1894).
The free-standing structure, with exposed brick masonry with protruding pilaster-like corners , has a gable-roof-crowned structure (on a circumferential plinth) with a recessed round apse and, in the south, a projected gabled column portico . - The interior, a flat-roofed hall, is illuminated from the side through an ornament-glazed arched window. A round arched triumphal arch delimits the apse , which is closed with a dome . - The still existing, partially omitted wall painting comes from the construction period, as well as ornamental decorations (eaves frieze , triumphal arch), five medallions (Christ, evangelists). - The table altar with attached three-part picture retable ( altar sheet Maria Immaculata ) also dates from the construction period .
Stables and farm buildings
The stable and farm building was on the property at Epsteingasse 10 (today: Kornhäuselstraße 10), about 150 meters south of the main building. After the opening of the thermal lido, which is about 300 m away, the buildings were adapted as a garage and advertised as a lido garage .
literature
- Bettina Nezval: Villas from the Imperial Era. Summer residences in Baden . 2nd, expanded edition. Berger, Horn / Vienna 2008, ISBN 978-3-85028-476-9 , pp. 90 ff .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ Julius Böheimer: Streets and alleys in Baden near Vienna. Lexicon of streets, alleys, squares, paths, walkways, bridges . Grasl, Baden 1997, ISBN 3-85098-236-X , p. 88 .
- ↑ Local news. (...) Archduchess Marie. In: Badener Zeitung , No. 58/1915 (XXXVI. Volume), July 21, 1915, p. 2. (Online at ANNO ).
- ↑ a b c Peter Aichinger-Rosenberger, Evelyn Benesch, Kurt Bleicher, Sibylle Grün, Renate Holzschuh-Hofer, Wolfgang Huber, Herbert Karner, Katharina Packpfeifer, Anna Piuk, Gabriele Russwurm-Biró, Otmar Rychlik, Agnes Szendey, Franz Peter Wanek ( Processing). Christian Benedik, Christa Farka, Ulrike Knall-Brskovsky, Johann Kräftner , Markus Kristan, Johannes-Wolfgang Neugebauer , Marianne Pollak, Margareta Vyoral-Tschapka, Ronald Woldron (contributions): Dehio-Handbuch. The art monuments of Austria . Lower Austria south of the Danube. Ed .: Federal Monuments Office. Berger Verlag, Horn / Vienna 2003, ISBN 3-85028-364-X , p. 212-213 .
- ↑ Viktor Wallner : Houses, people and stories - a Baden anecdotal walk. Ed .: Society of Friends of Baden. Baden 2002, p. 160 f .
- ^ Anton Hefft. In: Architects Lexicon Vienna 1770–1945. Published by the Architekturzentrum Wien . Vienna 2007.
- ↑ Strandbad-Garage. In: Badener Zeitung , No. 51/1927 (XLVIII. Volume), June 25, 1927, p. 6, top right. (Online at ANNO ). .
Coordinates: 48 ° 0 ′ 32.7 " N , 16 ° 12 ′ 58" E