Baden thermal lido

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Baden thermal lido in summer 2006
Lido 1928 (in the background left: Rauheneck castle ruins , center: Esplanade sanatorium; behind the diving tower the promenade overhanging the Schwechat river bed )
Electric Baden-Rauhenstein in the Strandbad stop area on the way to Helenental (between 1926 and the end of 1931)
Villa Bylandt-Rheydt (1811: Reginensruhe, around 1900: St.-Genois-Schlössl), from 1926 restoration business at the thermal lido

The thermal bathing beach Baden in Baden (Lower Austria) is one of the largest water parks in Austria with a total area of ​​approx. 25,000 m² . It has the largest artificial sandy beach in Austria - and, in 1929, the largest basin on the continent . The bathroom is a listed building .

history

To finance the purchase of the property decided in 1925, the municipal council, in which Sparkasse Baden a current account - loans in the maximum amounts record of 2,500,000 shillings. In addition, the Lower Austrian Landtag authorized the municipality of Baden to take out a bond with a nominal amount of three million Swiss francs (...) to be repaid in ten years .  - It was not until 1960 that the municipality paid the last outstanding claim.

Built between the beginning of April and the middle of July 1926 in just 80 working days according to plans by the master builder Alois Bohn (1878–1937), the winner of the limited ideas competition, the main building, with a total length of 160.8 m, was the second largest building in Baden, only exceeded by the nearby Weilburg , whose facade measured 192 meters in length.

The water is supplied from wells, but the water is heated as required by sulfur water from the Marienquelle . The constant water supply will be 50 liters per second. The beach should be able to accommodate around two thousand people. Cabins and changing rooms with cloakrooms will be built for every thousand bathers. In addition, the following were earmarked for lease: the restaurant with café , the milk drinking hall , and the two hairdressing salons .

Due to its scope and the tightly calculated execution time, the project met with corresponding interest at the official political level. Among other things, the Federal Minister for Trade and Transport, Hans Schürff (1875–1939), visited the construction site on July 10th of that year. At this appointment, the mayor of Baden, Alois Brusatti (1850–1932), suffered severe head injuries when he fell from a traverse into a ditch.

After a few postponements, the facility was opened in a ceremony on July 24, 1926 by Vice Chancellor Leopold Waber (1875–1945).

Entrance fees were u. a. for locals 1.00 or 0.60 Schilling (cabin or cloakroom), for foreigners 1.50 or 1.00 Schilling. In 1927, in order to channel the mass visit for all Sundays from July 17th, the discount for locals was suspended and only full payment was accepted.

In view of the expected number of visitors, a summer post and telegraph office with telephone service was set up in a building bordering the street (official name Baden near Vienna, Strandbad ), which also offered holiday and Sunday services and was also accessible from inside the pool was.

From the day it opened until almost the end of the spa or bathing season in 1931, the thermal lido was accessible to the public by tram running from the southern Baden train station to Rauhenstein ( Helenental ). The standard-gauge railway, which was electrically operated from 1894, was subsequently replaced by buses (see: Baden tram and local railway Vienna – Baden ). The anticipated individual traffic volume was met in 1927, among other things, privately by opening a lido garage 300 m walking distance .

After opening, the lido was not only a stimulus and a model for similar institutions in local authorities at home and abroad, but also a place sought after by celebrities or presented with pride. An outstanding event was the visit of the two ocean pilots (New York - Paris) Clarence Duncan Chamberlin and Charles Albert Levine in 1927 . Far less attention was paid to the visit of Exkronprinz Wilhelm , as the guest traveled under the code name Graf Geldern . In November 1928, Privy Councilor Oskar von Miller was a guest in the city. The visit to the lido and other communal bathing facilities probably confirmed Miller’s intention to create his own bathing department in the Deutsches Museum , Munich . The Villa Hugo Blitz in Weilburgstraße 22, which can be admired from the Bad (across the Schwechat) to this day, also dates from this year, an extraordinary "terrace and storey building" planned jointly by Josef Frank and Oskar Wlach .

In 1930, the 20,000 m² Weilburgpark ( part of the Weilburg grounds reaching as far as the aqueduct ) on the other side of the Schwechat was leased and made accessible to bathers via a wooden walkway built under the Hildegard Bridge; 1959/60 succeeded the purchase of the property.

A nationally noted sporting event took place on September 6, 1931: the branch club fight of the then largest swimming club in Austria, the " First Vienna Amateur Swimming Club" (EWASK), in which the Baden section of this club, as in 1930, won the tournament and took the Was able to secure the challenge cup permanently. The prizes were awarded by Prince Eduard von Liechtenstein (1872–1951) and his wife Olga.

At the beginning of the 1938 season, it was announced that the beach was only accessible to Aryans ; A pool in the mineral swimming school was (initially) available to non-Aryan visitors . The rejection of Jewish Sunday excursionists (mostly from Vienna) meant that on the last weekend in July of the same year the Schwechat was overcrowded with Jewish outdoor swimming pools . As a result, the police and gendarmerie prevented such an open-air swimming pool - primarily in the interests of the very valuable trout farm .

During the Soviet occupation , Baden was the seat of the Soviet high command from April 1945. The associated requisitioning of communal and private properties for exclusive use by members of the Soviet Army meant that in 1945 the lido was visited by 253 Russian bathers . - From June 6, 1947, the thermal lido was again open to the general public .

The lido operation showed an approximate profitability in 1953/54 when two massive round tubs (locally: Wandeln ) were installed (the ones that existed until around 1995) .

Since 1976, the year of a modernization following the Bath Hygiene Act (which was completed in 1986) and the commissioning of a preheating and circulation system , the degree of warmth of the bathing water is no longer regulated exclusively by adding pure thermal water - a conservation of the resource that, among other things, is less the increasing productivity of the source (s) feeding the bath.

After restoration work in 1989 and 1992/93, the renovation completed in 1996 turned the lido into one of the largest water parks in Austria. Nowadays about 300,000 people visit the bath annually. Special events such as the A-Cup in beach volleyball and the Beach 'n' Air Battle (Austria's largest hobby beach volleyball tournament) take place every year, where most of the visitors are expected.

The pool has two 50 m swimming pools, two sulfur pools (formerly: Wandeln ), a flow channel , several ground geysers , a large and a small water slide and a diving tower with platforms at 3 and 5 meters high. There is also a palm island and a children's pool.

literature

  • Viktor Wallner : From the headquarters to the congress casino. 50 years of bathing in data and images. 1945-1995 . New Badener Blätter, Volume 6.1. Publishing house of the Society of Friends of Baden and the Municipal Collections, Baden 1993, OBV .
  • Rudolf Maurer: "... no city that has such a bathroom" . Catalog sheets of the Rollettmuseum Baden, Volume 32. Rollettmuseum, Baden 2001, ISBN 3-901951-32-6 .
  • Viktor Wallner : Houses, people and stories - a Baden anecdotal walk . Society of Friends of Baden, Baden 2002, OBV .
  • Heidi Angelika Mascher-Pichler: Baden near Vienna during the Soviet occupation 1945–1955 with special consideration of the first two years of occupation and the year 1955 . Dissertation. University of Vienna, Vienna 2009, OBV .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Maurer: "... no city ..." , p. 4 ff.
  2. ↑ Our new thermal lido. In:  Badener Zeitung , July 24, 1926, p. 1. (Online at ANNO ). Template: ANNO / Maintenance / bzt.
  3. ↑ Lido at night. In:  Badener Zeitung , August 21, 1929, p. 2. (Online at ANNO ). Template: ANNO / Maintenance / bzt.
  4. ↑ Local. Meeting of the municipal council on December 31, 1925. In:  Badener Zeitung , January 9, 1926, p. 2. (Online at ANNO ). Template: ANNO / Maintenance / bzt.
  5. ↑ Nope LGBl 45/1926. In:  Landesgesetzblatt für die Land Niederösterreich , year 1926, p. 25. (Online at ANNO ). Template: ANNO / Maintenance / lgn.
  6. ↑ a b Wallner: Häuser , p. 131.
  7. ↑ Maurer: "... no city ..." , p. 9.
  8. ↑ Maurer: "... no city ..." , p. 7.
  9. ↑ Our future lido. In:  Badener Zeitung , February 13, 1926, p. 3, bottom left. (Online at ANNO ). Template: ANNO / Maintenance / bzt.
  10. ↑ Maurer: "... no city ..." , p. 10.
  11. ↑ The new lido. In:  Badener Zeitung , June 9, 1926, p. 3. (Online at ANNO ). Template: ANNO / Maintenance / bzt.
  12. ↑ Leases at the beach. In:  Badener Zeitung , May 22, 1926, p. 8. (Online at ANNO ). Template: ANNO / Maintenance / bzt.
  13. ↑ Our mayor's accident. In:  Badener Zeitung , July 14, 1926, p. 4, bottom center. (Online at ANNO ). Template: ANNO / Maintenance / bzt.
  14. ↑ The official opening of the local thermal bathing beach. In:  Badener Zeitung , July 28, 1926, p. 4. (Online at ANNO ). Template: ANNO / Maintenance / bzt.
  15. ↑ Lido prices. In:  Badener Zeitung , July 21, 1926, p. 2. (Online at ANNO ). Template: ANNO / Maintenance / bzt.
  16. ↑ Restriction of discounts in the beach. In:  Badener Zeitung , July 16, 1927, p. 3. (Online at ANNO ). Template: ANNO / Maintenance / bzt.
  17. ^ Opening of the post office in Baden near Wien-Strandbad. In:  Badener Zeitung , May 21, 1927, p. 4. (Online at ANNO ). Template: ANNO / Maintenance / bzt;
    Closure of the lido post office. In:  Badener Zeitung , October 29, 1927, p. 3. (Online at ANNO ). Template: ANNO / Maintenance / bzt.
  18. ↑ Strandbad-Garage. In:  Badener Zeitung , June 25, 1927, p. 6, top right. (Online at ANNO ). Template: ANNO / Maintenance / bzt- Epsteingasse, today: Kornhäuselstrasse.
  19. ↑ The two ocean flyers. In:  Badener Zeitung , extra edition, June 21, 1927, p. 1. (Online at ANNO ). Template: ANNO / Maintenance / bzt.
  20. ^ Letter from the two ocean pilots to Mayor Kollmann. In:  Badener Zeitung , June 22, 1927, p. 3. (Online at ANNO ). Template: ANNO / Maintenance / bzt;
    Levine in Baden. In:  Badener Zeitung , June 25, 1927, p. 3. (Online at ANNO ). Template: ANNO / Maintenance / bzt.
  21. ^ The German Exkronprinz in Baden. In:  Badener Zeitung , August 31, 1927, p. 2. (Online at ANNO ). Template: ANNO / Maintenance / bzt.
  22. ^ Privy councilor von Miller in Baden. In:  Badener Zeitung , November 21, 1928, p. 4 center. (Online at ANNO ). Template: ANNO / Maintenance / bzt.
  23. ↑ "BADENER ZUCKERLN No. 31" From the work of the city archive, Josef Frank
  24. ↑ Lease of part of the Weilburg grounds. In:  Badener Zeitung , July 30, 1930, p. 3, top left. (Online at ANNO ). Template: ANNO / Maintenance / bzt.
  25. ^ Wallner: Häuser , p. 132 f.
  26. Jump up ↑ Sports: branch club fight of the "First Vienna Amateur Swimming Club" in Badener Strandbade. In:  Badener Zeitung , No. 73/1931 (Volume II), September 12, 1931, p. 4 f. (Online at ANNO ). Template: ANNO / Maintenance / bzt.
  27. ^ Opening of the lido. In:  Badener Zeitung , May 11, 1938, p. 4, bottom right. (Online at ANNO ). Template: ANNO / Maintenance / bzt.
  28. ^ Jewish weekend guests in Baden undesirable. The lessons of the past Sunday. In:  Badener Zeitung , August 6, 1938, p. 2, above. (Online at ANNO ). Template: ANNO / Maintenance / bzt.
  29. ^ Mascher-Pichler: Baden near Vienna , p. 189.
  30. ^ Mascher-Pichler: Baden near Vienna , p. 194.
  31. ↑ BGBl 1976/254 (consolidated) .
  32. ^ A b Peter Aichinger-Rosenberger: Lower Austria south of the Danube . Dehio-Handbuch, Die Kunstdenkmäler Österreichs, topographical monument inventory, Volume 1 (A to L). Berger, Horn 2003, ISBN 3-85028-364-X , p. 178.
  33. ^ Wallner: Häuser , p. 114.

Remarks

  1. ↑ Until 1951 the rumor (serving the plant and not contradicted) persisted that the sand came from the Italian Adriatic and had been brought in with 300 wagons . - In 1951 (1957 by the spa management) the actual origin of the tertiary sediment was admitted: a Danube bay near Melk . - In: Maurer, "... no city ..." , p. 13.
  2. ↑ Construction and basic areas of Villa Bylandt-Rheydt , until 1915 residence of Arthur Count Bylandt-Rheidt .
  3. ^ Basis for this: Municipal council meeting of March 31, 1926. - Local. In:  Badener Zeitung , April 3, 1926, p. 2. (Online at ANNO ).Template: ANNO / Maintenance / bzt
  4. ↑ A total of 104 contractors were employed for the construction. The total number of employees reached 2,500 in mid-June of the year. - In: Maurer, "... no city ..." , p. 10.
  5. ↑ The construction management was incumbent on Bohn, earthworks as well as the construction of the basin were carried out by the city building authority. - The construction of the lido .. In:  Badener Zeitung , February 24, 1926, p. 3 (online at ANNO ).Template: ANNO / Maintenance / bzt
  6. ↑ Inaugurated on August 15, 1924 (In: Maurer: "... no city ..." , p. 2), named after the wife of the mayor Josef Kollmann ( Lokal-Nachrichten. Die Marienquelle. In:  Badener Zeitung , August 15, 1924, P. 3, top left (online at ANNO ) Template: ANNO / Maintenance / bzt.).
  7. ^ Villa Bylandt-Rheydt .
  8. ↑ A fatal accident was reported the day after the opening . - See: Fatal accident in the new beach. In:  Badener Zeitung , July 28, 1926, p. 5, top center. (Online at ANNO ). .Template: ANNO / Maintenance / bzt
  9. ↑ The garage used the (no longer existing) stable and farm buildings of the Villa Epstein / Rainer designed by Otto Wagner and built in 1867 .
  10. ↑ Max Reinhardt - see: Famous guests in the lido. In:  Badener Zeitung , July 17, 1929, p. 2. (Online at ANNO ). Template: ANNO / Maintenance / bzt.
  11. ↑ On November 11, 1967, with the opening of the newly built Hildegard Bridge , a concrete walkway running at almost the same height was released. - In: Wallner: Von der Kommandantur , p. 33.
  12. ↑ Built in 1847/48 according to plans by August Sicard von Sicardsburg and Eduard van der Nüll , fed by the Peregrini spring at 22 degrees Celsius. Today it is structurally integrated into the Römertherme Baden .
  13. ↑ "Reindln" in Pia Maria Plechl: Baden . Herold, Vienna (among others) 1974, ISBN 3-7008-0124-6 , Figure 3 is likely to be an individual term that has not become popular.
  14. ↑ Between 1925 and 1964 the output of the Marienquelle had dropped from 46.7 to 5 liters per second. In 1965, according to a new version of the source, the discharge was 68 l / s, only to drop to 20 l / s by the year 2000. - See: Wallner, Häuser , p. 190.
    Just one year after its inauguration, the spring was viewed as endangered due to loss of water pressure, and an investigation of the entire spring area was deemed necessary. - The future of the Marienquelle. In:  Badener Zeitung , August 15, 1925, p. 3, bottom right. (Online at ANNO ). Template: ANNO / Maintenance / bzt.

Web links

Commons : Thermalstrandbad Baden  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Coordinates: 48 ° 0 ′ 22 ″  N , 16 ° 13 ′ 12 ″  E