Schwechat (river)
| Schwechat | ||
 |
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| Data | ||
| location | Lower Austria | |
| River system | Danube | |
| Drain over | Danube → Black Sea | |
| source | am Schöpfl in the Vienna Woods | |
| Source height | 750 m above sea level A. | |
| muzzle | At the city of Schwechat in the Danube coordinates: 48 ° 8 ′ 15 ″ N , 16 ° 33 ′ 37 ″ E 48 ° 8 ′ 15 ″ N , 16 ° 33 ′ 37 ″ E |
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| Mouth height | 162 m above sea level A. | |
| Height difference | 588 m | |
| Bottom slope | 9.5 ‰ | |
| length | 62 km | |
| Catchment area | 1,181.5 km² | |
| Drain |
MQ |
7.9 m³ / s |
| Left tributaries | Sattelbach , Mödlingbach , Petersbach , Liesing | |
| Right tributaries | Groisbach , Triesting , Kalter Gang | |
| Medium-sized cities | Baden , Schwechat | |
| Communities | Klausen-Leopoldsdorf , Alland , Traiskirchen , Guntramsdorf , Laxenburg , Achau , Maria Lanzendorf , Lanzendorf | |
 The Schwechat in Helenental west of the city of Baden |
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 The Schwechat in the city of Schwechat |
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The Schwechat is a 62 km long river in eastern Lower Austria . It rises on the Schöpfl (893 m) in the Vienna Woods , flows in an easterly direction, only gets its name shortly before Alland and flows into the Danube at Schwechat . In earlier times the river was also called "Badener Bach".
course
Upper course
Its source streams are the Großkrottenbach , the Riesenbach , the Lammeraubach , the Kleinkrottenbach , the Agsbach and the Hainbach (from south to north in a clockwise direction), which all flow together at Klausen-Leopoldsdorf and form the Schwechat, with the highest source streams flowing into the Riesenbach.
Middle course
It flows via Alland through the Helenental to Baden , where the Badener Mühlbach is diverted, and makes its way into the Vienna Basin .
Lower course
From Baden the Schwechat is used industrially. At the level of Guntramsdorf (now the A2 crossing), the old Schwechatlauf was drained (see below) and the Schwechat water was diverted to the expanded Aubach - Künen . At Achau the Triesting flows into this Aubach , which from there to the city of Schwechat is called Mitterbach or Wildbach . Just west of the mouth of Triesting, the Mödlingbach and Krottenbach flow into the old Schwechatlauf coming from Laxenburg. Immediately afterwards there is a flood overflow into the Mitterbach (which carries the actual Schwechat water), otherwise the water of the Mödlingbach continues to flow in the old Schwechat bed. Between Himberg and Lanzendorf takes Mitterbach to be initiated from the Triesting direction Himberg Neubach on. Subsequently, the "old" Schwechat, the Mitterbach and the Kalte Gang coming from the south flow largely parallel to the city of Schwechat, where the three join together with the Liesing feeder on the left . It now follows the old course of the Kalten Gangs eastwards until it flows into the Danube east of Mannswörth , the last part of which it flows through an old branch of the Danube - the Ziegelwasser .
Until the 19th century ( Danube regulation ) Schwechat and Mitterbach (Wildbach ) flowed separately further north between Kaiserebersdorf and Albern and flowed together into the unregulated Danube in today's Viennese municipal area. Due to the construction of the Danube flood protection dam, this course was first diverted north of Albern as Neubach (today the Albern harbor basin ) and finally drained completely in 1883. The Schwechat water was diverted north of Schwechat city center into the lower course of the Kalten Gangs , which represents today's Schwechat course via Mannswörth.
At its "dragged" mouth ( Ziegelwasser ) the Schwechat has an average water volume of 7.9 m³ / s.
The irrigation of the Laxenburg Palace Park is a curiosity . It does not get the water from the nearby Schwechat, but from Münchendorf from the Triesting. This water is led through an open canal - built in 1801 - along the state road L 154 and crosses under the Schwechat, which is guided on a canal bridge , at the slide bridge (it is not a culvert as is sometimes claimed). The drainage then takes place via the Hahnenwiesbach into the Schwechat.
Surname
The name derives from the Middle High German swanant , which means the stinking . This attribution is only applicable from Baden, where sulfur-containing springs flow into the river.
Drift systems
From 1667 to 1939 the Schwechat in the section from Klausen-Leopoldsdorf to Baden was used intensively for timber transport - the Holztrift . So-called Klausen were built on the route to control the amount of water through reservoirs . The main cave was located near Klausen-Leopoldsdorf and 13 secondary caves followed on the surrounding tributaries. On the western edge of Baden there was a computer with which the wood was separated from the actual waterway. From there the wood was washed over the hermitage near Urtelstein to the wood rake in Möllersdorf on Reichsstrasse. From there, the onward transport was carried out by horse and cart to Vienna.
From 1803 onwards the transport from Baden to Vienna took place via the Wiener Neustädter Canal . In 1756 the originally wooden main hermitage was rebuilt as a solid stone structure. The building has been preserved to this day. Since 2006, the secondary clauses have also been reactivated. They are intended to serve both as cultural monuments and as retention basins for flood protection . A museum was set up at the Schöpflklause.
Recreational boating
When the water level is high, the Schwechat between Klausen-Leopoldsdorf and Baden is popular with whitewater kayak athletes. The difficulty lies in WW II according to the six-stage whitewater difficulty scale .
Individual evidence
- ↑ BMLFUW (Hrsg.): Area directory of the river areas: Danube area from the Enns to the Leitha. In: Contributions to Austria's hydrography, issue 62, Vienna 2014, p. 119. PDF download , accessed on July 8, 2018.
- ↑ S. Hohensinner, A. Hahmann: Historical hydraulic structures on the Vienna Danube and its tributaries. (PDF 3MB) (= materials on the environmental history of Austria. No. 2). Vienna 2015, DNB 1101705515
- ↑ Danube regulation structures. In: Der Bautechniker , October 30, 1885, p. 3 (online at ANNO ).
- ↑ Helmut Suck: Blog A little Laxenburg
- ^ Werner Besch , Anne Betten, Oskar Reichmann , Stefan Sonderegger : History of language. 4th subband. Walter de Gruyter, 2004. p. 3531
- ^ Wilhelm Wackernagel : Dictionary to the old German reading book. Schweighauser, Basel, 1839. p. 285.
- ^ Heinrich Küpper : Geology and groundwater resources in the southern Vienna basin. Yearbook of the Federal Geological Institute , No. 97 (1954). P. 183
- ^ Valerie Else Riebe: The Wiener Neustädter Schiffahrtskanal. History of a Lower Austrian building from its creation to the present according to archival sources. Verlag Gutenberg, Wiener Neustadt 1936, p. 62.
- ↑ Holztriftmuseum at the Schöpflklause
- ^ German Canoe Association, Foreign Guide , Volume 1, ISBN 3-924580-81-2
